The effect of sea transport from Ireland to the Lebanon on inflammatory, adrenocortical, metabolic and behavioural responses of bulls

The objective was to investigate the effect of sea transport on the physiological, behavioural and performance responses of bulls. One-hundred and eleven bulls (mean body weight (standard error of the mean) 429 (5.7 kg)) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments; control (C; n = 54) bulls were housed in 6 pens at Teagasc, Grange Research Centre at a stocking density of (1), 1.7 m²/head (C1.7; 3 pens) and (2), 3.4 m²/head (C3.4; 3 pens) and (3), transported (T) bulls (n = 57) were penned at a space allowance of 1.7 m²/head (6 pens) and allocated to one of five decks on the shipping vessel. C and T bulls were subjected to the same live weight (d −2), blood sampling and rectal temperature (d −1) measurements pre-transport and on d 3, d 6, d 9 and d 11 of the study. T bulls had greater (P < 0.05) live weight gain (+4.4%) compared with C1.7 bulls (−2.0%) and C3.4 (+0.13%)). Time spent lying was greater (P < 0.05) among C1.7 and C3.4 bulls (9.9% and 53.3%, respectively) compared with T bulls (45.8%). Rectal body temperature was not different (P > 0.05) among treatment groups throughout the study. At d 11, neutrophil % was greater (P < 0.05) in transported bulls on decks 1, 2, 4 and 5 compared with C1.7 and C3.4 treatments. Plasma cortisol concentrations were not different (P > 0.05) between control and transported bulls. Plasma creatine kinase (CK) activity was lower (P < 0.05) among C3.4 and T bulls on decks 2, 3, 4 and 5 compared with d 3 values. In conclusion, the welfare of bulls transported by sea on the sea journey was not adversely affected. Housing control bulls at a reduced space allowance (1.7 m²) had a negative effect on live weight gain.     

牛病毒性腹泻病毒抗原抗体检测方法研究进展

随着现代分子生物学与免疫学技术的快速发展与应用,牛病毒性腹泻病毒新型抗原抗体检测方法不断发展和完善对近年来对牛病毒性腹泻病毒的RT—PCR、荧光定量RT—PCR、RT-LAMP、ELISA和胶体金技术等抗原抗体检测方法进行综述,以期为不同实验室寻找适合的诊断方法以及发展新型诊断方法提供参考,为我国牛病毒性腹泻病的综合防控提供合理的科学依据。     

促益素雏鸡IBD疫苗免疫后局部体液的免疫变化

本研究分别将两种促益素“禽福”和“亿妙灵”与鸡传染性法氏囊病中等毒力活疫苗配合应用,通过间接ELISA法检测免疫雏鸡泪液、气管液,胆汁、肠液的IgG、IgM、IgA含量的动态变化。结果表明：应用促益素雏鸡IBD疫苗免疫后局部体液的上述三种免疫球蛋白含量较IBD疫苗单独免疫雏鸡有不同程度地升高：IBD强毒攻击后,疫苗单独免疫雏鸡局部体液的上述指标明显低于应用促益素的疫苗免疫雏鸡。表明使用促益素后,可提高疫苗增强机体局部免疫的功能,有效抵抗强毒攻击,使疫苗的免疫保护率显著提高：在两种促益素中,“禽福”的局部体液免疫增强效果强于“亿妙灵”。     

细菌脂多糖诱导的急性免疫应激对肉仔鸡肉品质的影响

本试验利用细菌脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导急性免疫应激,研究短期注射不同剂量LPS对肉仔鸡肉品质和脂质代谢的影响。选取32只体重相近的21日龄肉仔鸡随机分为4组,其中3个试验组分别在21、23和25日龄经腹腔注射LPS生理盐水稀释液,剂量为250、500和1 000μg/kg BW,对照组注射等量生理盐水。26日龄取试鸡血液制备血浆,测定血浆胆固醇、甘油三酯和丙二醛的含量;取胸肌和肝脏,测定pH、乳酸、脂肪、丙二醛含量。结果表明,LPS处理对胸肌化学指标和血脂指标有显著影响。与对照组相比,显著提高乳酸含量(P<0.05),显著降低胸肌pH及水分含量(P<0.05),显著提高胸肌和肝中脂肪含量及血浆中胆固醇和甘油三酯的含量(P<0.05)。LPS处理也显著提高了血浆和胸肌脂质过氧化物水平(P<0.05)。     

铁和维生素A及互作效应对肉仔鸡生产性能、免疫功能与有关酶及激素的影响

选用 1日龄艾维茵肉仔鸡 50 4只 ,随机分为 9组 ,每组 4个重复 ,每重复 1 4只鸡 ,公母比为 1∶1 ,采用 3× 3(Fe×VA)完全随机试验设计 ,研究了日粮添加不同水平的Fe(0 ,30 ,60mg/kg)和VA(750 ,1 50 0 ,2 70 0IU/kg)对肉仔鸡不同生长阶段 (0 4周龄和 5 7周龄 )的生产性能、免疫功能、血清过氧化氢酶活性及胰岛素浓度的影响。结果表明 :(1 )常规日粮中铁含量丰富 ,不添加铁时肉仔鸡的生产性能、免疫功能较佳 ;(2 )VA添加量对生产性能影响不显著 (P >0 0 5) ,对血清抗体效价的影响也不显著 (P >0 0 5) ,但对淋巴细胞ANAE+ %影响极显著 (P <0 0 0 0 1 ) ,且ANAE+ %随着VA添加量的增加而增加 ;(3)VA对血清CAT活性影响显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,且VA(2 70 0IU/kg)组CAT活性最高 ;(4)Fe对血清胰岛素浓度影响显著 (P <0 0 5) ,且Fe(60mg/kg)组胰岛素浓度最高。 (5)Fe和VA交互作用对体增重影响显著 (P <0 0 5) ,对免疫功能影响显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,对血清CAT活性影响显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,且二者间存在互补作用。     

新冠肺炎疫情下兽医免疫学教学形式改变的利弊分析

新冠疫情突如其来,给各行各业带来了困局与挑战,教育行业同样经历了考验。全国高校师生为响应"停课不停教,停课不停学"的号召,积极开展网络教学。网络教育在一定程度上确保了教学工作的正常运转,展现出一定的优势,同时也暴露了一些缺点。本文以基于超星学习通兽医免疫学线上教学为例,分析了网络教学的利与弊,为该学科未来的教学模式提供参考。     

Rhodococcus equi: clinical manifestations, virulence, and immunity

Pneumonia is a major cause of disease and death in foals. Rhodococcus equi, a gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen, is a common cause of pneumonia in foals. This article reviews the clinical manifestations of infection caused by R. equi in foals and summarizes current knowledge regarding mechanisms of virulence of, and immunity to, R. equi. A complementary consensus statement providing recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment, control, and prevention of infections caused by R. equi in foals can be found in the same issue of the Journal.     

提高《免疫学》课程教学质量的探讨

《免疫学》是一门理论性、实践性都很强的学科,内容抽象,逻辑性强,教学难度大。因此,提高学生的学习兴趣,采用PBL教学方法和比喻教学方法,以及引入现代化的多媒体教学手段,注重实验教学,对提高免疫学的教学质量至关重要。