乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)的结构与功能

乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC)催化乙酰辅酶A形成丙二酸单酰辅酶A的羧化作用,是在脂肪酸合成和代谢中起重要作用的中间代谢物。ACC包括ACCα和ACCβ两种形式,被不同的基因编码。ACC(α265 kDa)主要在脂肪生成活跃的肝脏、脂肪组织和乳腺中表达。ACC(β275 kDa)主要在β-氧化作为主要能量来源的骨骼肌和心脏中表达。对ACC的结构特点和基本功能进行了探讨。     

Bowman-Birk型大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂研究进展

阐述Bowman-Birk型大豆胰蛋白酶抑制剂(BBI)的分子结构、作用机制,并对其在医药领域、饲料工业及植物抗虫害等方面的研究进展进行了综述和展望.     

Effect of forsythiaside A on immune function in rats with ulcerative colitis

AIM To investigate the effect of forsythiaside A (FA) on immune function in rats with ulcerative colitis and its related mechanism. METHODS Healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group (no treatment, normal feeding), model group (establishment of rat ulcerative colitis model), and low, medium and high doses of FA groups (treatment of the model rats with FA at 5 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg, respectively). The malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat colon tissues were measured by colorimetry, and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-2 (IL-2) and IL-4 were detected by ELISA. The spleen index and thymus index, the percentages of CD3⁺, CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells （PBMC）, the serum IgA and IgG levels, and the serum complement C3 and C4 levels were also determined. RESULTS The colon tissues of the rats in model group showed obvious inflammation and ulceration, indicating that the animal model was successfully established. Compared with model group, the colonic inflammation and ulceration were significantly attenuated in FA groups, among which the high dose had the best effect. Compared with control group, the spleen index and thymus index of the rars in model group were decreased (P<0.05), MDA content in colon tissues was increased (P<0.05), and SOD activity in colon tissues was decreased (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in PBMC, and the serum levels of C3, C4 and IL-4 were decreased (P<0.05), while the serum levels of IgA, IgG, TNF-α, and IL-2 were increased in model group as compared with control group. Furthermore, the spleen index and thymus index of the rats in FA groups were increased (P<0.05), the MDA content in the colon tissues was decreased (P<0.05), and the SOD activity in the colon tissues was increased (P<0.05). The levels of CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ T-lymphocytes in PBMC, and the serum levels of C3, C4 and IL-4 were increased (P<0.05), while serum IgA, IgG, TNF-α and IL-2 levels were decreased in FA groups as compared with model group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION Forsythiaside A effectively attenuates the colonic lesions in rats with ulcerative colitis, and its mechanism may be related to reinforcement of oxygen free radical scavenging power, alleviation of inflammatory response, and enhancement of immune function.     

农村散养猪口蹄疫免疫方法研究

[目的]为了制定在农村散养条件下猪口蹄疫控制的疫苗免疫策略。[方法]研究猪口蹄疫O型和亚洲I型母源抗体、口蹄疫免疫后抗体消长规律和猪瘟与口蹄疫免疫干扰。[结果]结果表明,仔猪口蹄疫O型母源抗体能保护15日龄内仔猪,而亚I抗体不能保护仔猪。2 ml免疫剂量组的O型和亚I抗体水平均明显高于1ml免疫剂量组,1次免疫接种不能形成免疫反应的抗体平台期,抗体效价迅速下降;2次免疫接种后60 d达到峰值,O型和I型抗体滴度维持长达60 d以上;猪瘟和口蹄疫疫苗同时免疫相互不发生干扰。[结论]结合农村散养实际情况,为提高免疫保护力,建议实行30日龄同时首免口蹄疫和猪瘟,间隔28 d进行二免,每次免疫剂量口蹄疫为2 ml/头,猪瘟为2头份/头。     

既有房屋套建增层及功能改造相关问题

阐述了对既有房屋进行套建增层改造及功能改造的原因,介绍了可用于既有房屋套建增层改造及功能改造的结构形式、国内外的研究情况及作者近年来所开展的工程实践。提出了存在的问题及今后应开展的研究内容。     

多物种共存系统中蜘蛛对菜田害虫的控制作用

运用二次通用旋转组合设计统计方法,研究菜田生态系统中天敌优势种蜘蛛星豹蛛(X1)、草间黑蛛(X2)及主要害虫菜蚜(X3)、小菜蛾(X4)组成的多物种共存系统,探讨蜘蛛对菜田主要害虫的控制作用,分析天敌之间、害虫之间及天敌和害虫之间的相互作用关系,获得4个天敌对害虫的捕食量模型。对模型进行主效分析表明,害虫密度的大小对天敌的总捕食量影响较大,其中又以菜蚜密度对天敌的总捕食量的影响较大。天敌中对捕食量作用最大的是星豹蛛,其次是小狼逍遥蛛。分析天敌间的交互作用表明,2种天敌蜘蛛的种间和星豹蛛的种内干扰较大,主要原因是生态位重叠较大,种间、种内残杀较严重。而小狼逍遥蛛种内的干扰却不是很明显。最后讨论了天敌蜘蛛能有效控制害虫的最大密度,以及在该害虫密度下各种天敌密度的最佳组合。     

对农村合作经济组织“以工补农”形式的探讨

农村合作经济组织“以工补农”是农村经济发展的必然要求,是农村农业与农村工业协调发展的现实需要。对目前农村合作经济组织“以工补农”的各种形式,进行了分析,评价了它们的作用,指出了存在的问题;对如何使有限的补农资金,能发挥较大的经济效益进行了初步探讨;对“以工补农”应遵循的原则,目前较好的以工补农形式,与以工补农的资金比例,以及建立必要的以工补农资金的管理制度等,提出了建议。     

浅谈预应力混凝土受扭构件的承载力计算

根据工程实践经验对预应力混凝土构件在弯剪扭共同作用下的承载力计算做一简单介绍。     

5株海洋微藻伴生细菌的分离鉴定与功能分析

[目的]研究水产养殖中常用的4种海洋微藻在粗放培养过程中所伴生的主要细菌。[方法]采用平板涂布的方法成功分离到5株可培养的海洋细菌,利用16S rRNA基因序列的通用引物对单克隆菌落进行PCR扩增,所得PCR产物经测序和Genbank比对后,采用邻位相接法构建了系统进化树,并对其种属关系进行了分析。[结果]研究表明,5株海洋细菌分属于α-proteobacteria和γ-proteobacteria两大类别。根据16S rRNA基因序列的种属关系分析,5株海洋细菌分属于Porphyrobacter、Devosia、Ponticoccus、Marinobacter和Roseobacter5个属。根据其相近种的生理生化特征推断,这些伴生细菌在分解微藻胞外产物为微藻提供无机营养盐和分泌促生长因子促进微藻的生长等方面可能发挥着重要作用。[结论]在实际的微藻饵料培养过程中,应注意保留这些有益的伴生细菌。     

基于传递函数模型的台风中心气压动态预测

[目的]通过ARIMA模型和传递函数模型的预测精度比较找到广东省台风预测中心气压的最好方法。[方法]利用时序图和相关系数对台风的风力、最大风速和中心气压进行相关性分析,得到它们具有很强的相关性。[结果]使用台风风力和最大风速作为输入变量的传递函数模型对样本内数据具有更好的预测效果。[结论]将现代时间序列分析的理论与方法应用于气象预报具有重要的实际意义。