大鲵泛素结合酶cgsUBE2L3基因克隆及其在免疫应答中的表达分析

[目的]研究泛素结合酶UBE2L3基因在大鲵免疫应答过程中的作用。[方法]克隆大鲵泛素结合酶基因(cgsUBE2L3),进行相关生物信息学分析,并通过qRT-PCR对其组织分布及免疫刺激下的表达谱进行分析。[结果]成功克隆了cgsUBE2L3基因,该基因全长包含一个462 bp的开放阅读框,编码154个氨基酸,预计蛋白分子量为21.2 ku;cgsUBE2L3氨基酸序列保守性很高,与非洲爪蟾的同源性高达97.4%;此外,qRT-PCR结果显示,cgsUBE2L3基因在大鲵组织中广泛分布,且被LPS感染的大鲵多个免疫组织中cgsUBE2L3的mRNA水平均发生了明显变化。[结论]cgsUBE2L3基因具有高度保守的结构特征,其组织分布具有特异性且参与大鲵抵抗LPS刺激的免疫应答。     

鹿茸醇提物对用环磷酰胺处理的小白鼠红细胞免疫功能的影响

结果表明 ,鹿茸醇提物组 (即实验组 )小白鼠红细胞的C3b受体酵母菌花环率为( 1 3 5± 0 2 ) %,对照组为 ( 1 0 1± 0 1 ) %,两组相比较 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5) ;试验组小白鼠红细胞的免疫复合物酵母菌花环率为 1 1 3± 0 2 %,对照组为 1 6 3± 0 3%,两组相比较 ,差异显著 (P <0 0 5)。这一试验结果提示 ,鹿茸醇提物可增强由环磷酰胺诱导的免疫功能低下的小白鼠红细胞的免疫功能 ,即鹿茸醇提物对于环磷酰胺对机体的副作用具有一定的对抗作用。     

微生态制剂对仔鸡生产性能和免疫功能的影响

研究表明，用不同的微生态制剂饲喂仔鸡，均能促进免疫器官的生长发育，提高免疫器官指数；能明显提高循环抗体的水平和红细胞的免疫功能，因而能促进仔鸡的生长发育，降低料肉比。     

大豆黄酮对奶牛免疫功能和血清及乳中几种激素水平的影响

研究口服大豆黄酮对奶牛免疫功能和血清及乳中生长激素(GH)、催乳素(PRL)、生长抑素(SS)水平的影响。结果表明：1)大豆黄酮能明显提高血清及乳中特异性抗体水平,表明奶牛整体和乳腺器官的体液免疫功能明显增强。2)奶牛血清及乳中GH、PRL含量明显高于对照组,而血清SS含量显著低于对照组。本实验结果提示垂体GH、PRL和体内SS可能参与了大豆黄酮对奶牛免疫功能的调节过程。     

季节性短期冷刺激对育肥猪血液生化指标的影响

旨在研究季节性短期冷刺激对育肥猪血液生化指标、免疫因子水平以及抗氧化指标的影响。选取60头体质量为(116±5)kg的育肥猪,随机分为5组,每组12头。试验期间大幅降温,对猪群造成冷刺激。试验第9、13和25天每头猪前腔静脉采集血液,测定生化、免疫和抗氧化指标。结果表明,冷刺激导致育肥猪血清中胰岛素含量显著降低,谷丙转氨酶、谷草转氨酶、血清葡萄糖、生长激素、三碘甲状腺原氨酸、甲状腺素含量显著升高;冷刺激导致育肥猪血清中IgA、IgG、IgM和白细胞介素2(IL-2)含量显著降低,一氧化氮含量显著升高,并造成育肥猪免疫力下降;冷刺激导致育肥猪血液中谷胱甘肽过氧化酶、超氧化物歧化酶含量显著降低,皮质醇含量升高,并造成育肥猪抗氧化能力降低。表明季节性短期冷刺激能通过改变育肥猪部分血清生化指标导致猪只免疫力和抗氧化能力降低。     

鸡胚对小鼠免疫功能、抗疲劳能力的实验研究

本实验将鸡胚采用冻干和熟制的方法分别制作出熟制鸡胚胚体混悬液(CCES)和生制鸡胚胚体混悬液(FCES),灌喂小鼠30d。通过测定小鼠脾脏指数,血清溶血素活性,巨噬细胞吞噬率、吞噬指数以及小鼠力竭至死游泳时间分析,探索进食鸡胚对小鼠免疫功能和抗疲劳能力的影响。结果发现FCES、CCES均能提高小鼠脾脏指数,提高血清HC50值,增强小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬功能,显著延长小鼠游泳时间。研究表明FCES、CCES均能增强小鼠免疫功能与抗疲劳作用,但程度有所不同,以FCES总体效果更佳。     

美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能的影响

[目的]探讨美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化大鼠肝功能的影响。[方法]采用腹腔注射猪血清法诱导大鼠免疫性肝纤维化模型,在造模的同时分别用不同剂量的受试药物(美洲大蠊总提取物和美蠊氨)干预,以秋水仙碱为阳性对照药,分别于试验第4周和第12周结束时取血检测血清中ALT(谷丙转氨酶)、AST(谷草转氨酶)和TBIL(总胆红素)的含量,并在第12周结束时处死大鼠,取肝脏称重并计算肝脏指数。[结果]试验4周后,美洲大蠊总提取物能明显降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TBIL的含量。试验12周后,美蠊氨能明显降低大鼠血清中ALT、AST、TBIL的含量,但此时美洲大蠊总提取物对3个指标的影响不大。[结论]美洲大蠊对免疫性肝纤维化具有一定的防治作用,能明显改善肝功能。     

CpG oligodeoxynucleotides augment the immune responses of piglets to swine Pasteurella multocida living vaccine in vivo

Oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG ODN) prevent development of T-helper type 2 (Th2) immune response and reverse established allergic responses in mouse models. However, little work on immune responses in piglets has been conducted in vivo. In this report, the ability of a porcine-specific CpG ODN to act as an immunostimulant and enhance immune responses of piglets to swine Pasteurella multocida living vaccine (SPML vaccine) was determined. The titre of IgG and IgG1/IgG2 isotype to SPML vaccine in serum, the proliferation of lymphocytes, SPML-specific interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-4 production of PBMCs in vitro and IFN-gamma, IL-6, TNF-alpha, IL-4, IL-10 in piglets serum were examined to identify the immune responses of the piglets. Immune responses of the piglets vaccinated with SPML and CpG ODN were significantly stronger than responses of piglets vaccinated with SPML alone. All these data summarized that immunostimulatory CpG ODN could modulate the immune response towards a Th1-like response when co-administered to piglets during SPML vaccination, which suggested that the therapeutic uses envisioned for these ODNs (as vaccine adjuvants and immunoprotective agents) may be applicable to husbandry animals.     

The Effects of Selenium Source on Measures of Selenium Status of Mares and Selenium Status and Immune Function of Their Foals

The effect of organic and inorganic sources of selenium (Se) on measures of Se status of mares and their foals, Se concentrations of colostrum and milk, and indices of immune function of foals was studied. Twenty late-gestation Standardbred mares were randomly assigned to one of two groups. All mares received an identical balanced ration, except for the source of supplementary Se: one group received organic Se (Se yeast) and the other group received inorganic Se (sodium selenite), fed to deliver 0.3 mg/kg supplementary Se based on total ration dry matter. Mares received the experimental diet from 2 months before estimated due date until 1 month after foaling. Source of Se did not affect Se concentrations in maternal plasma, red blood cells, colostrum, or milk. At 1 month of age, foals from mares fed organic Se had higher red blood cell Se concentration than foals from mares fed inorganic Se (P < .05). Measures of immunity included serum immunoglobulin G concentration, lymphocyte proliferation in response to concanavalin A, and relative cytokine gene expression of stimulated lymphocytes (interferon gamma [IFNγ], interleukin [IL]-2, IL-5, IL-10, tumor necrosis factor alpha [TNFα]) and neutrophils (IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, TNFα). Relative gene expression of IL-2, TNFα, and IFNγ by foal lymphocytes was associated with the source of Se supplementation provided to the mares. We conclude that the source of dietary Se provided to mares may influence the immune function of foals at 1 month of age through changes in relative gene expression of certain lymphocyte cytokines.     

城镇生态功能区划研究——以任县为例

生态功能区划是根据区域生态环境要素、生态环境敏感性与生态服务功能空间分异规律,将区域划分成不同生态功能区的过程。以任县为例,对区划目标、区划原则、生态功能区划的衔接、功能区划因子的选择、区划方法和区划结果等方面进行研究。