甘薯糖蛋白对小鼠血脂水平的影响

为了研究甘薯糖蛋白对小鼠血脂水平的影响。先用含8.0%猪油的高脂鼠料诱导小鼠成为高脂血,再将其平均分为四组,一组用普通鼠料饲养作为对照,其他三组分别用含0.5%、1.0%及1.5%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲养,在第15天和第30天对每只小鼠采血,用全自动生化分析仪测定其中的甘油三酯及血清胆固醇的浓度。结果发现用含1.0%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲养15d就能明显降低高脂血模型小鼠血液中的血清总胆固醇水平,继续饲养30d能显著降低其中的甘油三酯水平;如果用含1.5%甘薯糖蛋白的鼠料饲喂,则只需15d就能同时降低两者的水平。因此甘薯糖蛋白具有显著降低高脂血模型小鼠血脂的作用。     

芦笋皮对实验性高脂症大鼠血脂水平的影响

观察芦笋皮对实验性高脂症大鼠血脂水平的影响。 32只SD大鼠随机分成四组 ,分别接受正常饲料、高脂饲料、高脂饲料添加 7%芦笋皮粉和高脂饲料添加 10 %芦笋皮粉处理。实验 60d。芦笋皮能使高脂症大鼠血清总胆固醇 (TC)和甘油三酯 (TG)含量明显下降 (P <0 0 1,P <0 0 5 ) ;血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (HDL -C)含量明显提高 (P <0 0 5 ) ,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇 (LDL -C)含量明显下降 (P <0 0 1)。芦笋皮具有一定的降血脂作用     

莽吉柿果皮提取物对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响

目的观察莽吉柿果皮提取物对实验性高脂血症大鼠血脂的影响。方法通过4周高脂饲料喂养,建立实验性高脂血症大鼠模型,同时口服给予莽吉柿果皮提取物50mg/kg、100mg/kg、200mg/kg,观察预防性给予莽吉柿果皮提取物对高脂血症大鼠血清胆固醇(TC)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和TC/HDL-C值的影响。结果莽吉柿果皮提取物可显著降低血清TC、TG、LDL-C以及TC/HDL-C值。结论莽吉柿果皮提取物能很好地降低髙脂血症大鼠的血脂水平。     

Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Extract from Black Rice (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Oryza sativa</Emphasis> L. <Emphasis Type="Italic">indica</Emphasis>) on Hyperlipidemia and Insulin Resistance in Fructose-Fed Rats

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of an anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice on hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in fructose-fed rats. Rats fed fructose diet for 4 weeks exhibited significantly higher plasma insulin levels and lower insulin sensitivity than the control rats fed AIN-93G diet. Dietary supplementation with the anthocyanin-rich extract (5 g/kg of high-fructose diet) prevented the development of fructose-induced insulin resistance. After fructose-induced insulin resistance had been established, 4-week treatment with the anthocyanin-rich extract (5 g/kg of high-fructose diet) or pioglitazone (270 mg/kg of high-fructose diet) ameliorated the glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia, but the extract failed to reverse the fructose-induced hyperinsulinemia as pioglitazone did. In addition, rats supplemented by the extract exhibited lower oxidative stress than the fructose-fed controls, as indicated by the lower concentrations of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and blood oxidized glutathione. Overall, these results suggest that the anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice improves certain metabolic abnormalities associated with diets high in fructose.     

调节血脂代谢的中药及其应用

高血脂是心血管疾病的危险因素之一,目前高血脂人群在逐年增加,防治高血脂的药物和保健食品的相关研究成为热点。本文对具有调节血脂代谢作用的单味中药、中药复方、中药提取物以及用中药制成的保健茶进行了阐述,为开发高效、口感好、用药依从性高的降脂中药提供参考。     

Effects of gypenosides on PCSK9 gene expression and blood lipids lowered by simvastatin

AIM: To explore the effect of gypenosides (GPs) on PCSK9 gene expression in hyperlipidemic rat liver and the blood lipids lowered by simvastatin.METHODS: Healthy male SD rats (n=60) were randomized into 5 groups:normal control group, hyperlipidemic model group, simvastatin group, GPs group and GPs combined with simvastatin group (combined group). The rats in all groups were fed high-fat diet except normal control group which were fed with ordinary diet. The rats in control group and hyperlipidemic model group were gavaged with 0.3% CMC-Na every day. The rats in GPs group were gavaged with GPs at 160 mg·kg^-1·d^-1. The rats in simvastatin group were gavaged with simvastatin at 5 mg·kg^-1·d^-1. The rats in combined group were gavaged with GPs and simvastatin. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. The rats were anesthetized with chloral hydrate, and abdominal arterial blood samples were collected to detect the total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). The body weight and the wet weight of the livers were measured, and the liver index was calculated. The pathological changes of the livers were observed under microscope with HE staining. The expression of PCSK9 and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) at mRNA and protein levels was determined by real-time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: The model of hyperlipidemia rats was established successfully. Compared with model group, the levels of TC, TG and LDL-C in simvastatin group, GPs group and combined group were obviously decreased (P<0.05), and the HDL-C levels were obviously upregulated (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the liver indexes in simvastatin group, GPs group and combined group were obviously decreased (P<0.05). The pathological changes of the liver tissues showed that hepatic adipose appeared in model group, and that in simvastatin group and GPs group had different degrees of relief, especially in combined group. Compared with model group, the mRNA expression levels of PCSK9 and LDLR in simvastatin group were obviously increased, while the mRNA expression levels of PCSK9 in GPs group and combined group were obviously decreased (P<0.05), and the mRNA expression of LDLR in combined group was obviously increased (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the protein expression of PCSK9 and LDLR in simvastatin group was obviously increased, while the protein expression levels of PCSK9 in GPs group and combined group were obviously reduced, and the LDLR protein levels were obviously increased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Gypenosides inhibit the expression of PCSK9 and increase the expression of LDLR in the liver. The combination of gypenosides and simvastatin promotes the lipid-lowering effect of simvastatin and attenuates hepatic steatosis, which may be related to inhibiting the expression of PCSK9 in the liver.     

苦丁茶大叶冬青的降脂作用研究

以不同剂量的苦丁茶大叶冬青提取液喂饲高脂模型大鼠,采用Transansio全自动生化分析仪测定正常及各高脂模型组大鼠的血清脂质含量。结果苦丁茶和月见草油均能显著降低高脂血症大鼠的血清TC、TG指标（P<0.05）,对HDL-C、LDL-C、 AI、R-CHR有一定的调节作用。证明苦丁茶大叶冬青有显著的降脂效果,对抗动脉粥样硬化有一定的预防作用。     

Neurologic dysfunction in hypothyroid, hyperlipidemic Labrador Retrievers

BACKGROUND: Hypothyroidism has been associated with a variety of neurologic signs, but the mechanism for this association is not completely understood. Hypothyroidism also is associated with hyperlipidemia that predisposes to atherosclerosis, increased blood viscosity, and thromboembolic events. OBJECTIVE: The objective is to characterize neurologic signs potentially associated with hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis in canine hypothyroidism. ANIMALS: This study used dogs referred to North Carolina State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital for evaluation of neurologic signs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted in which medical records of dogs with neurologic signs and a diagnosis of hypothyroidism and hyperlipidemia were reviewed. Details of the history, presenting signs, results of routine blood tests, thyroid tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and diagnostic imaging, and response to therapy were compiled. RESULTS: Three Labrador Retrievers and one Labrador Retriever cross fit the inclusion criteria. All dogs were hypothyroid and severely hyperlipidemic. Neurologic signs included tetraparesis, central and peripheral vestibular signs, facial paralysis, and paraparesis. Two dogs had an acute history and rapid resolution of signs consistent with an infarct, the presence of which was confirmed in 1 of the dogs by magnetic resonance imaging. Two dogs had chronic histories of cranial neuropathies and paraparesis. One of these dogs had evidence of iliac thrombosis and atherosclerosis on ultrasound examination. All dogs improved with thyroid hormone supplementation. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Labrador Retrievers may be predisposed to the development of severe hyperlipidemia in association with hypothyroidism. One possible consequence of severe hyperlipidemia is the development of neurologic signs due to atherosclerosis and thromboembolic events.     

草珊瑚总黄酮对小鼠血脂的影响

通过建立小白鼠高血脂模型,提取分离草珊瑚中的总黄酮,喂食模型小白鼠,测定小白鼠血清中的甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C),探讨草珊瑚中的总黄酮对小鼠血脂的影响。结果表明:草珊瑚总黄酮各组小鼠血清中TG、TC、LDL-C的含量显著低于模型组(P<0.05),说明草珊瑚总黄酮有抗高血脂症的作用,高剂量降脂效果接近洛伐他丁。     

Effects of Panax notoginseng saponins on PCSK9-LDLR expression and blood lipid metabolism in golden hamsters

AIM: To explore the regulatory effect of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on hyperlipidemia in golden hamsters and its mechanism. METHODS: The hamsters (n=30) were randomly divided into 3 groups:normal group, model group, and PNS group. The animals in normal group was given common feed. The animals in other groups were given high-fat diet to construct a hyperlipidemia model. After induction for 4 weeks, the drugs were given by intraperitoneal injection for another 12 weeks. After the last drug given, the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured by biochemical tests. The distribution and expression of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) in liver were detected by real-time PCR, immunohistochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS: Compared with normal group, the serum levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and ALT in model group were increased significantly (P < 0.05). The expression of PCSK9 was increased, while the protein level of LDLR was decreased (P < 0.05). Compared with model group, the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and ALT in PNS group were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), PCSK9 was mainly distributed in cytomembrane with decreased expression, and LDLR was mainly distributed in the cell membrane and plasma with increased expression. HDL-C and AST had no significant change during this time. CONCLUSION: Panax notoginseng saponins reduces the blood lipid levels in golden hamsters, which may be related to the regulation of PCSK9-LDLR signaling pathway.