Effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide on lipophagy in mouse primary hepatocytes

AIM: To evaluate the effect of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) from GYY4137 on lipophagy in mouse primary hepatocytes. METHODS: The C57BL/6 mouse primary hepatocytes isolated and cultured by 2-step in situ perfusion method were divided into 4 groups: the cells in control group were incubated with normal medium; the cells in model group were incubated with 1.2 mmol/L oleic acid (OA) for 48 h; the cells in H₂S group or propargylglycine (PAG) group were incubated with 1.2 mmol/L OA for 48 h followed by serum-free phenol red-free RPMI-1640 medium which contained 1 mmol/L GYY4137 or 200 μmol/L PAG for 6 h. The cells were collected to conduct immunofluorescence staining of LC3 and photography under fluorescence microscope, phase-contrast microscope or transmission electron microscope. The protein expression of LC3-Ⅰ/Ⅱ in the hepatocytes was determined by Western blot. RESULTS: In contrast with the model group, the fluorescent particles of LC3, the protein expression of LC3, the number of autophagic lysosome and vacuoles in hepatocytes in H₂S group increased. CONCLUSION: In steatosis hepatocytes, exogenous H₂S promotes the lipophagy.     

Effect of GYY4137 on cytosolic lipid decomposition in mouse primary hepatocytes

AIM: To evaluate the effect of GYY4137, a novel hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) donor, on cytosolic lipid decomposition in mouse primary steatosis hepatocytes. METHODS: Oleic acid (OA) was used to induce hepatic steatosis model in vitro. The C57BL/6 mouse primary hepatocytes isolated and cultured by 2-step in situ perfusion were divided into 4 groups:the cells in control group were incubated with normal medium for 54 h; the cells in model group were incubated with OA at 1.2 mmol/L for 48 h followed by serum-free phenol red-free RPMI-1640 for 6 h; the cells in H₂S group or DL-propar-gylglycine (PAG; an inhibitor of cystathione γ-lysase, inhibiting H₂S synthesis) group were incubated with OA at 1.2 mmol/L for 48 h followed by serum-free phenol red-free RPMI-1640 which contained 1 mmol/L GYY4137 or 200 μmol/L PAG for 6 h. The glycerin release and the protein expression of hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in the cells were mea-sured. RESULTS: Compared with model group, the glycerin release and the protein expression of phosphorylated HSL (p-HSL) in H₂S group decreased significantly, while those increased significantly in PAG group. CONCLUSION: In steatosis hepatocytes, exogenous H₂S possibly decreases cytosolic lipid decomposition by decreasing the protein level of p-HSL.     

混氢改善汽油机低怠速性能研究

在一台加装了电控氢气喷射系统的四缸汽油机上,试验研究了混氢对发动机低怠速性能的影响。在怠速转速不变、维持进气混合气处于当量比的条件下,在0～6%的范围内逐渐增加氢气在总进气中的体积分数,测试了发动机转速分别为800、700、600 r/min时的低怠速性能。试验结果表明,纯汽油机怠速为800 r/min时,发动机稳定运行的燃料能量流量Ef为30.8 MJ/h,而当混氢分数增加至6.0%、怠速转速降至600 r/min时,Ef降低至18.6 MJ/h;随进气混氢体积分数的提高,发动机低怠速时的燃烧持续期缩短,HC、CO及NOx排放量降低,循环变动也减小。可见,进气掺氢可有效改善发动机的低怠速性能。     

定容燃烧模拟装置内氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的计算

进行了定容燃烧模拟装置内氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的热力学分析和计算,在定容燃烧弹内,实际的燃烧过程是定容过程而不是定压过程,应在定容绝热条件下进行氢气绝热理论燃烧温度的计算,氢气的定容绝热理论火焰温度和定压绝热理论火焰温度是不同的,在化学反应平衡方程式所需的化学计量浓度附近,其燃烧温度和压力都达到最大值。     

添加剂对回收废弃PE材质滴灌带再生材料力学性能的影响

从废旧PE滴灌带的回收再利用出发,针对PE材质滴灌带使用后老化引起弹性及强度降低的现象,探讨了加入EVA(乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物)与DCP(过氧化二异丙苯)对废弃滴灌带再生材料的弹性及强度的影响。研究了EVA含量分别占PE的0%~20%与DCP含量占PE的0%~1.2%时的改性再生PE材料的力学性能。结果表明:单因素下EVA可以改善再生料的断裂伸长率和断后自然回弹率,10%的EVA提升效果最佳。DCP可以改善再生料的强度,但是断裂伸长率和断后自然回弹率随之下降。配比6%EVA+0.4%DCP的改性剂同时加入废旧PE材料后可有效改善改性再生料的使用性能。     

进气道燃料喷射氢内燃机回火机理与控制研究

建立了包含进气道和气缸的氢内燃机三维仿真模型,研究了进气道燃料喷射氢内燃机不同转速和负荷条件下的回火机理.提出了通过优化喷氢相位,使低浓度混合气在进气门打开时首先进入气缸,降低缸内废气和热点温度,从而抑制回火的方法.仿真分析了不同转速和负荷条件下喷氢相位对进气门处混合气浓度和温度的影响,得到了最优的喷氢相位.经试验验证,优化的喷氢相位使氢内燃机能够在全工况内达到或超过混合气化学当量燃空比无回火工作.     

不同密度水稻抽穗后生理特性的研究

稀植栽培的水稻,抽穗后田间表现为中下部光强明显增加,光合作用时间延长,硝酸还原酶和过氧化物酶活性降低,蛋白质含量增加50%以上,叶片衰老延缓,籽粒干物质积累加速,千粒重提高。     

不同类型的烟草过氧化物同工酶研究

本文应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对6种不同类型的烟草幼苗过氧化物同工酶进行了研究。结果表明:①不同类型烟草间过氧化物同工酶数目差异很大;②不同类型烟草间过氧化物同工酶的相对迁移率有很大差异;③不同类型的烟草具有一些共同酶带。过氧化物同工酶在一定程度上反映了烟草类型间的亲缘关系。     

O3与O3/H2O2两个体系降解除草剂2,4-D反应特性研究

分别采用O3、O3/H2O2体系降解苯氧羧酸类除草剂2,4-D,探讨了降解过程中反应温度、pH值、O3混合气流量、有机物初始浓度等操作条件的变化对降解动力学的影响。结果发现,温度和pH值的影响较大,O3流量影响最小,温度升高、pH值增大、臭氧流量增加、2,4-D初始浓度降低均有助于降解速率的提高。O3/H2O2体系中,H2O2能促进O3分解产生大量自由基,导致2,4-D反应活化能降低。和O3相比,O3/H2O2体系降解效果好,降解时间短,反应条件温和,操作费用低,是很有发展前景的高级氧化技术。     

坛紫菜藻红蛋白分离纯化研究

[目的]建立一种新型、高效、快速的藻红蛋白分离纯化方法,并对其分离机理进行探讨。[方法]以坛紫菜的藻红蛋白搅切法提取物为原料,首先通过100和500 kDa的超滤离心管对其进行超滤分离,再在Superose 12色谱柱上以不同种类和不同浓度的流动相对藻红蛋白粗提物进行等度洗脱,分析其分离机理,并优化分离条件。[结果]在0.05 mol/L NaCl等度洗脱的条件下,藻红蛋白在Superose12色谱柱上表现为典型的氢键吸附模式;在优化的条件下,通过超滤-Superose 12氢键吸附分离的方法,可以使坛紫菜藻红蛋白提取物纯度(A565/A280)达到7.98,总回收率52.9%。[结论]该研究结果表明藻红蛋白在Superose 12色谱柱上存在氢键吸附作用,同时,该研究所建立的超滤-Superose 12氢键吸附分离方法是一种新型、高效、快速的藻红蛋白分离纯化方法。