近红外分析技术在烟叶数字化烘烤过程中的研究与应用

研究近红外光谱分析仪在烟叶烘烤过程中的具体应用,应用近红外技术对烟叶烘烤进行实时监测,并提出烘烤专家意见,优化工艺曲线,降低烤坏烟叶比例,适合于大中型烟叶烘烤工场应用.项目实现了烟叶烘烤的数字化,且应用过程中体现出快速检测、样品完整、重现性好的特点.通过中央控制系统将专家写入计算机,能对烘烤过程中的烤房进行有效控制,从而达到减工、降本、提质、增效的目的.     

便携式XRF仪现场快速测定土壤中Pb的可行性研究

便携式XRF分析仪具有轻便、快速和可测对象较多与测量元素较广等特点而广泛应用于矿石、土壤等方面快速检测,但土壤的现场快速测定结果的准确性有待进一步研究与探讨。以安宁河谷平原土壤中Pb为研究对象,通过对便携式XRF仪现场快速检测结果与实验室分析结果的对比和影响因素的分析,建立基于安宁河谷平原表层土壤快速测定结果的线性函数为y=1.170 9x-17.326 0(R~2=0.992 9,x为现场检测结果),探讨其影响因素,为该区域表层土壤中Pb快速检测结果提供依据。     

Alanine aminotransferase apoenzyme in dogs

Unusually low serum activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was detected in a Rottweiler dog with gastric dilatation-volvulus. Activity of ALT in the same sample was found to be much higher (estimated increase of 14,225%) when measured by methods adding the cofactor pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (P5P), indicating that nearly all serum ALT was in the apoenzyme form. An investigation was undertaken to determine the frequency of high serum aminotransferase apoenzyme levels in dogs. Eighty canine serum samples submitted to the Clinical Pathology Laboratory at Cornell University were assayed for ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the presence or absence of exogenous P5P. In 79 dogs, inclusion of P5P in the LAT assay resulted in a median decrease in AST activity of -6.3% (range -33.3% to 25.0%) in all 80 dogs. One dog had an increase of 336% in ALT activity after inclusion of P5P in the assay, but lacked a similar increase in AST activity. The reason for the high levels of ALT apoenzyme in the 2 dogs was not determined.     

利用乳成分分析仪与近红外光谱仪比较分析牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白

采用乳成分分析仪和近红外光谱仪比较分析了牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白。分析结果表明,二者没有显著差异,近红外光谱仪可以代替乳成分分析仪用来检测牛奶中的乳脂肪和乳蛋白。     

机动车废气分析仪信号处理系统的智能化设计

提出了机动车废气分析仪的智能化组成及其实现信号处理的全过程。详细阐述了信号处理的软硬件的实现。实验结果表明：本系统克服了传统不分光红外线分析仪固有的缺陷。进一步保证了测量数据的正确性和准确性。     

水产品中三聚氰胺含量的快速检测方法研究

[目的]参考国家标准建立水产品中三聚氰胺含量的检测方法。[方法]分剐用高效液相色谱法和液相色谱／质谱联用法检测水产品样品液中的三聚氰胺含量。[结果]高效液相色谱法和液相色谱／质谱联用法都能较好地检测三聚氰胺含量,但其检测限不同。利用高效液相色谱法检测三聚氰胺含量的检测限为2．0mg／kg,出峰时间为7．25min。利用液相色谱／质谱联用法检测三聚氰胺含量的检测限为0．01mg／kg。高效液相色谱法检测三聚氰胺含量的浓度-峰面积曲线为：y=22．3513＋46．3807x,R=0．9984。液相色谱／质谱联用法检测三聚氰胺含量的浓度-峰面积曲线为：y=39．7025＋16．2646x,R=0．9957。[结论]液相色谱／质谱联用法的检测时间更短,灵敏度更高,检测效果更好,但检测成本较高。高效液相色谱法检测效果略差,但更经济实用。     

山药营养面条的研制

通过正交试验和感官评价方法,得到山药面条的最佳配方为山药粉2%,食盐1%,复合添加剂0.2%。各因素对山药面条的影响顺序为山药粉>复合添加剂>食盐,通过检测和观察面条烹煮特性、物性指标和微观结构,对山药面条品质性状进行了分析和评价。山药营养面条品质好,具有山药清香,营养丰富。     

帽儿山林场樟子松人工林光辐射分布的研究

以东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场老山施业区内的樟子松人工林为研究对象,运用WinSCANOPY2006a冠层分析仪采集数据,并结合实地调查,实测5种林龄的樟子松人工林群落内光辐射特征及冠层参数。结果表明：立地条件基本一致的情况下,樟子松人工林内光辐射随林龄增大呈下降趋势,变化范围为8．8－12．32mol·m^-2·d^-1,平均占冠层顶部总辐射的21．21％。对光的吸收能力逐渐增强且树龄为30a以后趋于稳定。林分开阔度的变化范围为10．78％～21．66％,不同林龄群落之间差异显著,随林龄增大而下降。叶面积指数变化范围为2．29～3．47,不同林龄群落之间差异不显著。消光系数（＆）的变化范围为0．47～0．63,消光能力随林龄增大而增强,冠层结构随林龄的变化对消光能力的变化有一定得影响．     

Variability and divergence in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pongamia pinnata</Emphasis> for further use in tree improvement

A total of 24 candidate plus trees (CPTs) of Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre. were selected to elucidate their variation and diversity based on thirteen quantitative traits (4 pod traits, 6 seed traits of parent trees and 3 progeny traits) at Forest Research Centre, Institute of Forest Productivity — Mandar, Ranchi district during 2005–2007. The results show that, CPT-19 had maximum for seven traits viz, pod length (65.6 mm), 100-pod weight (542.4 g), seed 2D (two dimension) area (351.2 mm²), seed length (27.9 mm), seed breadth (17.4 mm), 100-seed weight (217.9 g) and plant height (164.3 cm). The traits, 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight had a high heritability (98.4%, 96.9%) accompanied with high genetic advance (46.0%, 34.9%). There is a positive significant correlation between 100-pod weight and 100-seed weight traits at both genotypic and phenotypic levels with plant height, collar diameter and volume index at 30 MAS (months after sowing). Volume index expressed a moderate heritability (47.4%) accompanied with high genetic advance (48.4%), indicating that the character is governed by additive gene effects. In divergence study, 24 accessions were grouped into 6 clusters on the basis of non-hierarchical euclidian cluster analysis. The genotypes in cluster IV (CPT-5, CPT-6, CPT-7, CPT-12, CPT-16, CPT-18, CPT-22) and cluster III (CPT-4, CPT-8, CPT-9, CPT-20, CPT-21) were most heterogeneous and can be best used within group hybridization. The wide diversity exists between the cluster V and II, followed by cluster II and I and crosses between CPTs of these clusters may result in substantial segregates. It is revealed that the existence of substantial variation and diversity can be utilized for genetic resource conservation and further tree improvement programmers of the species.     

Turbiscan Lab分散稳定性分析仪研究异丙甲草胺水乳剂物理稳定性

为获得不同因素对异丙甲草胺水乳剂物理稳定性的影响规律,同时验证Turbiscan Lab分散稳定性分析仪预测和评价水乳剂物理稳定性的可行性,利用Turbiscan Lab分散稳定性分析仪,结合加速试验[(54±2)℃,14d]结果,研究了乳化剂用量、体系pH和电解质离子等对磷酸酯盐稳定的异丙甲草胺水乳剂物理稳定性的影响。结果表明:乳化剂三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯三乙醇胺盐(SCP)用量为6.0%(质量分数)时,水乳剂稳定性最好;过酸或过碱均会破坏水乳剂的稳定性,pH=9时水乳剂可获得较好的稳定性;Mg2+压缩油水界面双电层,导致水乳剂稳定性下降,且Mg2+添加浓度越大,水乳剂越不稳定。Turbiscan Lab分散稳定性分析仪以多重光散射为技术核心,在不破坏样品的前提下,能够准确测定乳状液中浮油、沉淀和液滴粒径大小的变化情况,与加速试验结果吻合度高,不仅能够缩短试验周期,而且可以分析不稳定现象发生的机理。