茶饮料中微量色素物质的HPLC分析方法研究

以含乙腈的流动相作为洗脱剂,对茶饮料中微量色素物质的HPLC分析方法进行了研究。结果显示,在色谱柱长为15cm、柱温为35℃、总流量为1ml、检测波长450nm条件下,最佳的洗脱参数为:①以3/0.5/96.5(v/v/v)的乙腈、乙酸和水的混合液为流动相A,以75/15/10(v/v/v)的乙腈、甲醇和氯仿混合液为B相;②梯度洗脱,即前20min内B相由80%上升到100%,并保持15min。在该条件下新黄质、紫黄质、叶黄素、叶绿素b、叶绿素a、脱镁叶绿素b、β-胡萝卜素和脱镁叶绿素a等色素物质均可获得基线分离。同时研究还显示,该方法重复性较好,检测限低,可满足绿茶饮料中微量色素物质的分析。     

Study on HPLC method to determine contents of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis extraction

The determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis was improved with the high performance liquid chromagraphy(HPLC).The sample was extracted exceedingly in the critical limit of CO 2 .The retention time of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B was reduced,with methano/water(75:25)as mobile phase.The wavelength for detection was 254 nm. The R2 of standard curve was 0.9998 and the relative standard deviation was 2.31%and 3.17%with the recovery of 96.45%and 97.37%,respectively.The result shows that the rate of veracity of this method is higher and it proves that the determination method of Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Schisandra chinensis is a feasible method.     

高效液相色谱法测定大豆胚轴中单糖链大豆皂甙的含量

大豆皂甙具有多种药理作用,而对大豆制品中各类皂甙的定量分析是研究大豆皂甙药理作用的基础.采用高效液相色谱-差示折光(HPLC-dRI)检测法测定单糖链大豆皂甙的含量.色谱条件为:ODS-AM-303色谱柱(YMC,4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),柱温40℃,合0.1%三氟乙酸的乙腈-水(40:60)为流动相,流速1mL min-1.Ba、Bb、Bd、Be、αg和βg分别在2.24～11.2、2.35～11.8、1.58～7.92、2.01～10.1、1.38～6.88和1.62～8.12μg范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率分别为92.5%、93.8%、94.1%、95.8%、93.4%和94.2%,RSD为3.22%、3.18%、4.01%、3.53%、4.07%和4.28%.该方法准确度高,重现性好,适用于大豆皂甙样品中各类皂甙的测定.     

水产品等食品中磺胺类抗生素残留分析与预处理方法的研究进展

对水产品等食品中磺胺类抗生素常用的分析方法和预处理方法进行了综述,归纳和比较了毛细管电泳法、微生物方法、液相色谱-质谱法、免疫法、气相色谱法、分光光度法、高效液相色谱法等特点。其中高效液相色谱法由于操作简便、快速、灵敏、准确的特点,是当前检测磺胺类抗生素的主要方法。同时,对包括固相萃取、分子印迹等预处理方法进行了综述。     

同位素稀释液质联用法测定鱼体中氯丙嗪的残留

建立了高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC/MS/MS)分析鱼体中氯丙嗪残留的方法.样品用乙腈提取,MCX固相萃取柱净化,氨化甲醇洗脱.在正离子模式下以电喷雾串联质谱仪进行测定,采用内标法定量,氘代氯丙嗪为内标物.以欧洲鳗鲡、鳜鱼和大口黑鲈为研究对象,在1.0、5.0、25.0μg/kg添加水平下,方法平均回收率为90.1...     

饲料中添加蛋氨酸寡肽对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)生长、饲料利用和蛋白质代谢反应的影响

为研究饲料中添加蛋氨酸寡肽(OMet)对大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)幼鱼生长、饲料利用和蛋白质代谢反应的影响,并与在饲料中添加等量的晶体蛋氨酸(CMet)的效果相比,实验以初始体重为(26.0±1.6)g的大黄鱼幼鱼为研究对象,以鱼粉和豆粕为主要蛋白源,设计1个低鱼粉(31.8％)对照饲料(LF).在LF的基础上分别添加0.35％、0.65％和0.95％的晶体蛋氨酸或蛋氨酸寡肽,配制其他6组饲料,并分别命名为CMet 0.35、CMet 0.65、CMet 0.95、OMet 0.35、OMet 0.65和OMet 0.95,养殖周期为8周.结果显示,与LF组相比,OMet组和CMet组大黄鱼的增重率均显著升高,并随着蛋氨酸水平的增加而显著提高(P＜0.05),其中,OMet 0.95组的增重率最高.与CMet组相比,OMet组大黄鱼的增重率和蛋白质效率均显著提高(P＜0.05).不同饲料处理对大黄鱼存活率、饲料系数、体组成(粗蛋白、粗脂肪、灰分和水分)、脏体比和肥满度没有显著影响(P＞0.05).OMet组大黄鱼的肝体比较CMet组显著降低(P＜0.05).饲料中添加晶体或蛋氨酸寡肽显著影响了大黄鱼幼鱼的肝脏谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶活力,OMet组大黄鱼肝脏中这两种酶的活力均显著高于CMet组的(P＜0.05),蛋氨酸添加水平对大黄鱼肝脏谷草转氨酶活力也有显著影响(P＜0.05).但各饲料处理组之间血清中的血氨浓度和尿素氮含量没有显著差异(P＞0.05).综上所述,等量添加蛋氨酸寡肽比晶体蛋氨酸更能促进大黄鱼幼鱼的生长及其对饲料的利用.     

水产品中替米考星残留量检测的条件优化

文章探讨了用高效液相色谱（HPLC）测定水产品中替米考星残留量的方法。通过对分析条件的优化,确定了最佳检测参数,并从提取和净化2个方面确立了前处理的最佳步骤与条件。通过验证不同基质试样的加标回收试验,结果显示,在20～200μg·kg-1的添加水平下回收率为77．22％～93．25％,相对标准偏差（RSD）小于5％,定量检出限（LOQ）为20μg·kg-1。分析结果表明,所建立的方法灵敏度高、准确性好且应用范围广,可用于日常水产品中替米考星残留量的检测分析。     

Nocturnal feeding reduces sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.) pellet-catching ability

European sea bass exhibits a feeding rhythm with seasonal phase inversions: nocturnal feeding is predominant in winter, and diurnal feeding during the rest of the year. This explains the increased growth of sea bass fed at night during the winter months, but to fully assess such feeding practices, it is important to monitor food-catching efficiency in the dark. To evaluate the influence of nocturnal feeding on pellet-capture efficiency under laboratory conditions, we developed an infrared pellet detector linked to on-line recording with a microcomputer. Feed waste was recorded for eight groups of four sea bass (54.6±15.8 g body weight) fed either diurnal or nocturnal meals with long (>60 s) or short (<20 s) feed availability times. With short feed availability times, food-catching efficiency in complete darkness (0 lx) was reduced to 78.6%, compared to 93.5% in diurnally fed fish. This was confirmed in a second experiment, performed during winter, involving 4000 sea bass in four sea cages (1000 per cage) provided with self-feeders and pellets detectors. Feed waste amounted to less than 13% of the food distributed, but nocturnal demands (29% of total feed demands) were accompanied by higher levels of uneaten pellets (68% of the total feed waste) than diurnal demand. This suggests that if the aim is to reduce feed waste, nocturnal feeding should be restricted in sea cages.     

酵母及藻类对褶皱臂尾轮虫培养效果的比较研究

采用种群累积培养法研究了两种酵母、两种藻类对褶皱臂尾轮虫的最适投喂密度。结果表明 ,这四种饵料对褶皱臂尾轮虫的最适投喂密度 (× 10 6cell·ml-1)分别是 :干酵母 ,15 ;鲜酵母 ,5 ;微绿球藻 ,4 5 ;三角褐指藻 ,2 0。同时 ,在最适密度下比较了这四种饵料对轮虫的培养效果。结果表明 ,四种饵料对轮虫的培养效果以微绿球藻为最优 ,其它依次为三角褐指藻 ,鲜酵母 ,干酵母。实验结果显示 ,褶皱臂尾轮虫批量培养及至工厂化培养的首选饵料是微绿球藻和三角褐指藻     

Comparison of flower color with anthocyanin composition patterns in evergreen azalea

In evergreen azaleas, major anthocyanins were detected from petals of wild species and cultivars by HPLC analysis. Depending on flower color, all samples were divided into three groups: red, purple or white, using the Japan color standard for horticultural plants. The chromatic components a* and b* values of red group samples showed a convergent distribution, whereas those of purple group samples showed a wider distribution. According to the HPLC analysis, red group samples had two to four major anthocyanins, and those of the purple group had two to six major ones. In contrast, no anthocyanins were detected in the white group petals, although anthocyanidins were detected. These results suggest that the anthocyanin constitution of the purple group flowers is more varied than that of the red group flowers, and this wider variety among purple flowers contributes to extending the diversity of flower color in evergreen azalea.