猪H3N2亚型流感病毒受体亲和性鉴定

利用固相酶联方法对分离自吉林省猪群中的3株H3N2亚型流感病毒进行了受体亲和性鉴定.结果显示,这3株病毒与SAα2,3和SAα2,6受体都能结合,并且偏嗜SAα2,6受体,暗示它们具有感染人的潜能.因此应该加强猪流感的流行病学调查,及时发现那些具有引发人流感流行潜能的病毒,为防控人间流感提前做好准备.     

捻转血矛线虫(Haemonchus contortus)氨基肽酶基因克隆、表达及重组蛋白活性分析

通过RT—PCR扩增出捻转血矛线虫（Haemonchus contortus）氨基肽酶基因，并对该基因进行克隆、鉴定及序列测定。捻转血矛线虫氨基肽酶ORF由2919个碱基（972个氨基酸）构成，和GenBank中的捻转血矛线虫氨基肤酶（H11抗原）同源性高达98％。与秀丽新杆线虫（Caenorhabditis elegans）肽酶M1家族同源性为61％，且具有氨基肽酶特征性基序HEXXH和GAMEN。将该基因亚克隆到原核表达栽体并进行了表达，通过测定重组蛋白分解氨基肽酶底物的能力以及对酶抑制荆敏感性试验，进一步证实了H11抗原具有一定的酶活性。     

沈阳市H5亚型高致病性禽流感免疫效果分析

采用连续采样与实验室血清学监测数据,对沈阳市2006-2009年际间和季度间的H5亚型高致病性禽流感的免疫效果进行了对比分析。研究结果表明,H5亚型禽流感免疫效果受多种因素的影响,认为要充分结合免疫地的实际情况,因地制宜采取切实有效的措施。同时提出加强H5亚型禽流感疫苗免疫效果的几点建议。     

H3亚型猪流感病毒荧光定量PCR检测方法的建立

通过RT-PCR方法克隆了H3亚型猪流感病毒HA基因一段靶序列,构建重组质粒作为标准阳性模板.根据GenBank中的H3亚型猪流感病毒HA基因保守序列设计了用于FQ-PCR的1对引物和1条TaqMan探针.通过条件优化,以10倍系列稀释的质粒为标准品进行荧光定量PCR扩增,并制作标准曲线,建立了检测H3亚型猪流感的荧光定量PCR方法.结果表明,该方法检测灵敏度可达1.0×100拷贝/μL,线性范围为109～100,达10个数量级;对起始浓度为1.0×109、1.0×108、1.0×107拷贝/μL的标准品的最终实际测得值(Ct)分别为13.68,18.21和20.57;变异系数分别为0.31%、0.17%和0.12%,均小于5%,说明此方法具有良好的准确性和重现性.对阳性组织病料的检测表明,该方法的检测灵敏度高出常规PCR,与套式PCR具有相近的灵敏度.     

黄芪多糖对雏鸡外周血T淋巴细胞转化功能的影响

将１０８只１日龄伊莎系蛋用公雏均分为３组：一组为对照,其余２组在３日龄时,于背侧颈部皮下分别注射０．２、０．４ｍＬ黄芪多糖注射液（０．０１ｇ／ｍＬ）１次,再分别于７、２１、３５、４９日龄时采用ＭＴＴ比色法及微量全血培养３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法检测外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞转化率的动态变化。结果表明,黄芪多糖对２１、３５日龄雏鸡Ｔ淋巴细胞转化功能有增强作用,且与剂量有相关性,而对７、４９日龄雏鸡的作用不明显。ＭＴＴ比色法与３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法的检测结果无显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

Novel human H7N9 influenza virus in China

Outbreaks of H7N9 avian influenza in humans in 5 provinces and 2 municipalities of China have reawakened concern that avian influenza viruses may again cross species barriers to infect the human population and thereby initiate a new influenza pandemic. Evolutionary analysis shows that human H7N9 influenza viruses originated from the H9N2, H7N3 and H11N9 avian viruses, and that it is as a novel reassortment influenza virus. This article reviews current knowledge on 11 subtypes of influenza A virus from human which can cause human infections.     

Bovine Cells Infected in Vivo with Theileria Annulata Express CD11b,the C3bi Complement Receptor

Forsyth, L.M.G., Jackson, L.A., Wilkie, G., Sanderson, A., Brown, C.G.D. and Preston, P.M., 1997. Bovine cells infected in vivo with Theileria annulata express CD11b, the C3bi complement receptor. Veterinary Research Communications, 21 (4), 249-263Bovine cells from cattle infected with Theileria annulata were phenotyped with monoclonal antibodies recognizing bovine leukocyte antigens. Macroschizont-infected, transformed cell lines prepared from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cattle, infected with sporozoites, were assessed by flow cytometry; parasitized cells in tissues from infected cattle were examined by immunocytochemical techniques. Co-expression of markers for different cell lineages by the cell lines precluded a definite conclusion as to their phenotypic origins. For, while the pattern of leukocyte antigens expressed by these in vivo-derived schizont-infected cells, which included CD11b, was indicative of a myeloid origin, the possibility that they were NK cells could not be excluded. The monoclonal antibody (MAb) IL-A15, which recognizes CD11b, reacted with a high proportion of parasitized cells in sections of tissues from infected cattle at all stages of acute disease. Mononuclear cells infected with parasites at all stages of differentiation, from macroschizont to microschizont, expressed CD11b. Such parasitized cells occurred throughout the lymphoid tissues, being found in the thymus, spleen and lymph nodes, particularly the prescapular node draining the site of infection, the hepatic, mesenteric and precrural nodes, as well as in the reticulo-endothelial tissue of the liver, kidney, lung, abomasum, adrenal and pituitary glands. These observations provided the first evidence for a myeloid origin for the parasitized T. annulata cells found in infected bovine tissues and blood and suggested a mechanism whereby schizonts could transfer from cell to cell during mechanical infection with schizont-infected cells.     

Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) integrins αvβ3 and αvβ6 as FMDV receptors: Molecular cloning, sequence analysis and comparison with other species

Integrins are heterodimeric adhesion receptors that participate in a variety of cell–cell and cell–extracellular matrix protein interactions. Many integrins recognize RGD sequences displayed on extracellular matrix proteins and the exposed loops of viral capsid proteins. Four members of the αv integrin family of cellular receptors, αvβ3, αvβ6, αvβ1 and αvβ8, have been identified as receptors for foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in vitro, and integrins are believed to be the receptors used to target epithelial cells in the infected animals. To analyse the roles of the αv integrins from a susceptible species as viral receptors, we have cloned Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 integrin cDNAs and compared them to those of other species. The coding sequences for Bactrian camel integrin αv, β3 and β6 were found to be 3165, 2289 and 2367 nucleotides in length, encoding 1054, 762 and 788 amino acids, respectively. The Bactrian camel αv, β3 and β6 subunits share many structural features with homologues of other species, including the ligand binding domain and cysteine-rich region. Phylogenetic trees and similarity analyses showed the close relationships of integrin genes from Bactrian camels, pigs and cattle, which are each susceptible to FMDV infection, that were distinct from the orders Rodentia, Primates, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Galliformes and Xenopus. We postulate that host tropism of FMDV may in part be related to the divergence in integrin subunits among different species.     

两广地区2011--2012年H9N2亚型禽流感病毒的HA基因进化分析

为探究两广地区H9N2亚型禽流感病毒（avianinfluenzavirus,AIV）的变异情况及分子流行规律,于2011-2012年从该地区发病鸡群中共分离到16株H9N2亚型A1V,并对分离株HA基因进行测序与进化分析。结果表明,分离株HA基因开放阅读框全长均为1683bp,编码560个氨基酸;HA基因核苷酸同源性为88．7％～99．6％,编码氨基酸同源性为91．8％～99．5％。本试验分离毒株与国内疫苗株（GD-SS、SH—F和SD-6）的核苷酸同源性在90．1％～92．6％之间,推导的氨基酸序列同源性在91．6％～94．8％之间。进化分析显示分离株可分为Group1和Group2两个亚分支,与疫苗株均属于欧亚谱系的Y280分支,但亲缘关系较远。分离株HA蛋白裂解位点附近序列有3种形式：PARSSR＋GLF、PSRSSR＋GLF和PARLSR0GLF,均无连续碱性氨基酸的插A,符合低致病性AIv的特征。本试验发现分离株GD4、GX2在HA1的127、295位分别增加一个潜在的糖基化位点;除分离株GD5和GD6外,其余分离株在HAl的216位发生Q216L氨基酸突变,表明其存在感染人的可能性。     

基于乌金猪深度发掘的优质高效新品种选育

目的揭示宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性及其与肉质性状的关联。方法采用PCR产物直接测序法检测了120头宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域的SNP位点,借助最小二乘模型分析了各位点不同基因型及合并基因型对6个肉质性状的影响。结果宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5区域检出3个SNP位点,包括2个同义突变位点(T579C、T580C)和1个错义突变位点(G595A),分别以TT、TT、GA基因型和T、T、G等位基因的频率最高,且都处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态。T579C、T580C位点的TT和TC基因型可显著提高大理石纹(P<0.05)和降低失水率(P<0.01),分别呈显著的加性效应及加性—显性效应(P<0.05或P<0.01);G595A位点的AA基因型失水率最低(P<0.05)、熟肉率最高(P<0.05),呈显著的加性效应(P<0.05);3个位点的合并基因型TTTTGG、TCTCGG和TTTTAA分别具有最高的大理石纹、pH₁和最低的失水率(P<0.05或P<0.01),CCCCGG基因型的大理石纹和pH₁最低、失水率最高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论研究结果进一步确认宣和猪PRKAG3基因外显子5多态性与肌肉大理石纹、pH值和失水率显著关联,T579C、T580C位点的CC基因型和G595A位点的GG基因型具有协同降低猪肉品质的效应。