溶氧因素对冬虫夏草摇瓶培养的影响

对冬虫夏草菌丝体摇瓶培养中影响溶氧的主要因素进行分析。通过测定不同摇床转速、装液量、封口方式下摇瓶培养后的菌丝得率,并对其进行单因素分析,选择单因素较优水平,然后进行3因素正交试验。结果表明,最适宜溶氧条件为摇床转速140r/min、装液量50%、封口采用无菌培养容器封口膜;各因素影响培养的显著性依次为摇床转速、装液量、封口方式;不同摇床转速下对有效成分含量测定显示,摇床转速对虫草多糖及虫草酸含量影响不显著。     

西杂牛连续埋植“畜大壮”效果观察

本试验对甘肃河西地区西杂１－２岁和周岁以下的犊牛连续用促生长剂“畜大壮”分阶段进行耳根埋植,试验结果表明,４－６月龄犊牛全期１８０天,试验组增重和平均日增重分别为５．５ｋｇ和３０８．３３ｇ,试验组比对照组提高３７．２５ｋｇ和２０６．９４ｇ（Ｐ〈０．０１）,１－２岁牛全期１８０天,试验组平均增重和日增重分别为５６．４３ｋｇ和３１４．４９ｇ,试验缄比对照组分别提高３０．０３ｋｇ和１６６．８２ｇ差异显著     

中国白兔生长发育特性的研究

本研究对初生、２１、２８、３０、６０、９０、１２０、１５０、１８０日龄和１２月龄等不同阶段中国白兔的增重、成活率和繁殖性能进行测定，结果如下：窝均产仔８．０７只，初生产４９．１６克，２８日龄断奶产２８５．９６克，断奶成活率９４．９２％；９０日龄产９７１．１０克，成活率８２．２２％；１８０日龄产１７３２．７８克，成活率９１．２２％；成年体重２２７３．３３克。结果显示：中国白兔成年体重小，生长速度较慢，但繁殖能力强，成活率高     

日本结缕草ZjNAC1的克隆、转录激活活性、亚细胞定位及表达分析

采用RACE技术从日本结缕草中克隆得到ZjNAC1转录因子(GenBank No. MH428376),其开放阅读框为945bp,编码314个氨基酸。ZjNAC1编码的蛋白在N端有1个典型的NAM保守结构域,属于NAC转录因子家族。通过染色体步移的方法,获得ZjNAC1基因ATG上游1635bp序列,分析发现其包含响应脱落酸(ABA)、茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)及逆境胁迫的作用元件。构建pGBKT7-ZjNAC1载体,转化Y2HGold酵母感受态细胞,发现ZjNAC1具有转录激活活性。农杆菌介导的35S-ZjNAC1-YFP载体注射本生烟草叶片瞬时表达结果显示,ZjNAC1定位于细胞核。实时荧光定量结果表明,ZjNAC1在日本结缕草根中表达量最高;此外,ZjNAC1的表达受10μmol/L MeJA和20%PEG4000处理的诱导,但受200μmol/L乙烯(ET)、10μmol/L ABA和300mmol/L NaCl处理的抑制。     

蜜蜂肠道菌群的调节作用及影响因素

近年来, 蜜蜂数量的大量减少导致全球养蜂业面临重要的经济损失,并对农业各个方面造成了严重后果。最新的研究表明肠道菌群与宿主的健康息息相关。综述了肠道菌群的种类和特性,阐述了肠道菌群在蜜蜂等昆虫健康中的调节作用及影响肠道菌群的因素,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

影响注射剂澄明度因素的探讨

注射剂的澄明度是兽药生产中质量控制的主要指标,澄明度不合格的注射剂产品,不但影响药物疗效,伤害动物身体;也加大了企业生产的成本,影响了经济效益。从原辅材料、包装材料、净化系统、管道系统等方面对澄明度的影响因素进行了分析探讨,以寻求改进、提高产品质量的方法。     

人工养殖下金钱龟常见疾病及防治模式

在金钱龟的人工养殖过程中,观察到部分个体发生了腐皮、肺炎、腹泻等疾病。通过对细菌的实验室诊断和生化特性鉴定,发现引起金钱龟腐皮和腹泻的病原体为嗜水气单胞菌,而肺炎则是由温度突变引起的感冒造成。因此,进一步研究了人工养殖条件下金钱龟的常见疾病与一些环境因子的关系。研究表明,温度差异对金钱龟的生理机能有显著的影响,而水质条件和养殖密度的调控也关系到金钱龟的健康生长,这也为金钱龟防治疾病及健康养殖模式提供一些参考依据。     

家禽卵泡发育相关生长因子的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)家族、表皮生长因子(EGF)家族和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员的功能涉及家禽卵泡细胞增殖分化、类固醇激素生成、促性腺激素的功能调节、卵泡选择和排卵等过程。本文综述了IGF、EGF、TGF-β及其他相关生长因子对家禽卵泡发育调控的研究进展,旨在为进一步研究家禽卵泡的生长、发育和排卵机制提供帮助。     

Evaluation of estimated genetic merit for carcass weight in beef cattle: Blood metabolites, carcass measurements, carcass composition and selected non-carcass components

In Ireland, a new beef genetic index has been developed. Growth rate is expressed as expected progeny difference for carcass weight (EPD_CWT) and is estimated on an across-breed basis. Cross-breeding of dairy cows with both Aberdeen Angus and Belgian Blue beef sires is widely practised. The objective of this study was to compare blood metabolites, slaughter traits and carcass composition of progeny from Holstein–Friesian dairy cows and Aberdeen Angus (AA), Belgian Blue (BB), Friesian (FR) and Holstein (HO) sires. The AA and BB sires were selected, within breed, to be of either high (H) or low (L) estimated genetic merit for carcass weight. A total of 170 male progeny from spring-calving cows and 42 sires (10 AA, 13 BB, 7 FR and 12 HO) were artificially reared indoors and managed together until the end of their second grazing season when they were assigned to either a Light (560 kg) or Heavy (620 kg) slaughter weight. Blood metabolite concentrations were measured six times throughout life and feed intake was recorded during the first and second winter. Carcass measurements and selected non-carcass components were recorded after slaughter and the right side of each carcass was dissected into lean, fat and bone. Differences in blood metabolite concentrations amongst genetic groups were negligible although there were some effects of the prevailing level of nutrition. M. longissimus area scaled for carcass weight was 0.220, 0.221, 0.260, 0.255, 0.212 and 0.208 (SE 0.004) cm²/kg for AAH, AAL, BBH, BBL, FR and HO, respectively. Carcass measurements scaled for carcass weight were greater for L, AA, HO and the dairy strains than for H, BB, FR and the beef breeds, respectively. There was no effect of estimated genetic merit for carcass weight on carcass composition. Statistically significant interactions between genetic merit and beef breed existed for some traits with the genetic merit effect largely evident for AA only. BB and the beef breeds had more lean, less fat and more high value lean in the carcass than AA and the dairy strains, respectively. It is concluded that genetic group had little effect on blood metabolite concentrations but there were some feeding level effects. Estimated genetic merit for carcass weight affected carcass weight, m. longissimus area and carcass measurements scaled for carcass weight but the effects were confined to AA. There were large effects of beef breed and dairy strain on carcass composition.     

孕牛血清中早孕因子的分离纯化

采用DEAE－Sepharose(DEAE-琼脂糖凝胶）、CM－Sepharose(CM-琼脂糖凝胶）等离子交换层析、抗孕牛全血清IgG-Sepharose 4B亲和层析等技术，分离纯化妊娠4－5个月健康孕牛全血清中的早孕因子（EPF），用玫瑰花环抑制实验对各阶段产物EPF活性进行检测。结果表明，经层析过柱后的CM－ⅡA提取物有EPF活性。经SDS－PAGE银染显色证实它含有分子量为21、67、80KD的蛋白，实验结果支持21KD的多肽为主要EPF活性物成分。同时实验表明了亲和层析对进一步纯化EPF是可行的。