仔猪腹泻的病因分析及综合防制

仔猪腹泻是引起仔猪死亡的重要原因之一。该病病因复杂,始终是困扰养猪业的一大难题。文章详细分析了引起仔猪腹泻的非传染性病因（环境、仔猪自身等）及传染性病因（细菌、病毒、寄生虫等）,提出了预防为主,加强饲养管理及配合药物治疗的综合防制方案,对减少仔猪腹泻,维护养猪业的健康发展具有一定的指导意义。     

农药施用健康成本及其影响因素研究——基于粮食主产区农户调研数据

为定量测度稻农施用农药的健康成本,实证分析其影响因素,本研究利用农户实地调研数据,基于疾病成本法定量测度了稻农农药施用的健康成本,应用双对数模型定量分析其影响因素。研究发现,样本农户农药施用的健康成本为74．46元／（年·人）,分别占晚稻、中稻和早稻生产成本的9．85％、9．40％和1．57％;双对数模型实证研究发现施药者年龄、农民采取的防护措施、农药施用频次、每次花费的时间、IPM（病虫害综合防治）技术采纳程度、喷洒工具、到诊所（医院）距离以及是否是农药标签文盲等是农药施用农民健康成本的主要影响因素。为了有效降低农药施用农民的健康成本,从知识角度,应加强施药知识培训引导农户安全施药;从信息角度,应加强农药标签说明标准化管理;从科技角度,应加大高效率喷洒机械研发和补贴力度;从服务角度,应加强病虫害信息服务,同时加大IPM知识的扩散;从财政支持的角度,应加大国家对相关项目服务的补助力度。     

春季保护地生菜霜霉病综合防治技术研究

采取选用抗病品种"射手101",结合单垄双行扣白地膜种植模式,轮换使用72%克露、58%金雷多米尔、10%科佳等农药,可有效地防治春季保护地生菜霜霉病。     

Epidemiology and cost of Lyme disease‐related hospitalizations among patients with employer‐sponsored health insurance—United States, 2005–2014

An estimated 300,000 cases of Lyme disease occur in the United States annually. Disseminated Lyme disease may result in carditis, arthritis, facial palsy or meningitis, sometimes requiring hospitalization. We describe the epidemiology and cost of Lyme disease‐related hospitalizations. We analysed 2005–2014 data from the Truven Health Analytics MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters Databases to identify inpatient records associated with Lyme disease based on International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM) codes. We estimated the annual number and median cost of Lyme disease‐related hospitalizations in the United States in persons under 65 years of age. Costs were adjusted to reflect 2016 dollars. Of 20,983,165 admission records contained in the inpatient databases during the study period, 2,823 (0.01%) met inclusion criteria for Lyme disease‐related hospitalizations. Over half of the identified records contained an ICD‐9‐CM code for meningitis (n = 614), carditis (n = 429), facial palsy (n = 400) or arthritis (n = 377). Nearly 60% of hospitalized patients were male. The median cost per Lyme disease‐related hospitalization was $11,688 (range: $140–$323,613). The manifestation with the highest median cost per stay was carditis ($17,461), followed by meningitis ($15,177), arthritis ($13,012) and facial palsy ($10,491). Median cost was highest among the 15‐ to 19‐year‐old age group ($12,991). Admissions occurring in January had the highest median cost ($13,777) for all study years. Based on extrapolation to the U.S. population, we estimate that 2,196 Lyme disease‐related hospitalizations in persons under 65 years of age occur annually with an estimated annual cost of $25,826,237. Lyme disease is usually treated in an outpatient setting; however, some patients with Lyme disease require hospitalization, underscoring the need for effective prevention methods to mitigate these serious cases. Information from this analysis can aid economic evaluations of interventions that prevent infection and advances in disease detection.     

溶解氧对团头鲂耐低氧新品系F5代的鳃组织形态及各组织酶活性的影响

为研究不同浓度溶解氧(DO)对团头鲂(Megalobrama amblycephala)耐低氧新品系F5代鳃组织形态以及各组织酶活性的影响,本研究将团头鲂在低氧[DO为(1.7±0.2)mg/L]和高氧[DO为(19.3±0.5)mg/L]条件下分别处理0、4和7d,恢复常氧[DO为(7.8±0.3)mg/L]7d后,...