犬源贾第虫EF1α基因的克隆及序列分析

以广州某宠物医院临床犬源贾第虫为研究对象,根据GenBank TM中登录的贾第虫EF1α基因序列(AF069575),设计1对引物EF/ER,采用PCR方法从贾第虫基因组DNA中扩增出目的片段,纯化后克隆至pGEM-T Easy载体,重组质粒通过菌液PCR鉴定后,对其进行序列测定及分析,旨在对广州犬源贾第虫进行分子鉴定。结果显示,该犬源贾第虫EF1α序列长为288bp,与预期目的片段一致,该序列构建的分子进化树表明该犬源贾第虫分离株为蓝氏贾第虫D型。说明EF1α适合做分子标记,可准确地对贾第虫进行基因分型,为贾第虫分子分类学及分子遗传学研究奠定了基础。     

宠物毛丝鼠肠道寄生虫感染情况调查

为了解宠物毛丝鼠肠道寄生虫感染情况,采用饱和蔗糖溶液漂浮法、改良抗酸染色法和卢戈碘液染色法对郑州某宠物市场宠物毛丝鼠96份粪便样品进行检查。结果共查出2种原虫和1种蠕虫。寄生虫总感染率为46.9％,贾第虫感染率最高,为37.5％,球虫和短膜壳绦虫感染率次之,分别为8.3％和2.1％。贾第虫感染率与动物年龄（P>0.05）和性别（P>0.05）均无统计学相关性。这是国内首次报道宠物毛丝鼠肠道寄生虫感染情况。     

Prevalence of canine giardiosis in South Korea

This study was carried out a survey for the presence of Giardia intestinalis infections in dogs using a Giardia ELISA kit (SNAP) test, IDEXX Laboratories, Inc., Westbrook, ME). Four hundred and seventy-two dogs (190 males and 282 females) were examined for a G. intestinalis infection in four different provinces (Kyunggi, Chonnam, Kyungnam and Chungnam) and a Seoul city in South Korea. Slightly more male dogs (15.0%) than female (8.6%) dogs were affected, there was no significant difference between the two groups. The overall positive rates of G. intestinalis infection were 11.2%, 14.9% being found in the <2-year-old group, 8.7% in the 2-5 year-old group, and 2.1% in the >5-year-old group. X(2) analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence (14.9%, P<0.05) in the <2-year-old group than in the other two groups, and a significantly higher prevalence in symptomatic dogs (47.6%, P<0.001) in asymptomatic dogs (7.7%). This study is the first large-scale survey of canine G. intestinalis infections in South Korea, and is expected provide a useful reference for clinicians. Giardia-infected dogs should be treated for hygienic management as well as to prevent dog to human transmission.     

Determining the zoonotic significance of Giardia and Cryptosporidium in Australian dogs and cats

In a recent study of intestinal parasites in dogs and cats in Australia, Giardia was found to be the most prevalent parasite in dogs. The aim of the current study through the use of molecular tools was to determine the zoonotic significance of the Giardia and Cryptosporidium isolates recovered from dogs and cats during the Australian study. Of the isolates successfully amplified all but one of the Giardia from dogs was either Assemblage C and/or D, with one Assemblage A. Of the cat samples amplified all but one were Assemblage F, with one Assemblage D. We hypothesize that the lack of zoonotic Giardia Assemblages recovered is a result of their being a low prevalence of Giardia in the human population. The Cryptosporidium recovered from dogs and cats was determined to be C. canis and C. felis, respectively, a finding which supports growing evidence that Cryptosporidiumin companion animals is of limited public health significance to healthy people.     

四川部分地区断奶前犊牛贾第虫感染调查和基因分型研究

为调查四川部分地区断奶前犊牛贾第虫感染和基因亚型分布情况,采集了278份断奶前犊牛(1月龄以下)新鲜粪便,采用饱和蔗糖漂浮法处理样品并提取DNA,经巢式PCR扩增β-giaidin(bg)、tpi和gdh基因,对阳性样品贾第虫基因型进行鉴定。结果显示,四川部分地区断奶前犊牛贾第虫总感染率为9.35%(26/278)。bg、tpi和gdh基因序列分析表明,本次分离的贾第虫种类均为集聚体E。多位点基因序列和进化树分析显示,基于bg、tpi和gdh三个基因位点均分别鉴定出7种亚型,分别发现3、2、2种新基因亚型(bg: E13、E14、E16;tpi: E21、E24;gdh: E18、E19)。本研究表明,四川地区断奶前犊牛存在贾第虫感染,虫种类型主要为集聚体E,同时该型在四川地区遗传多样性较高。