不同施肥措施对灰枣园土壤速效养分含量的影响

为了探讨灰枣生长期内不同施肥处理措施对枣园土壤速效养分含量的影响情况,于2014年3月采用不施肥、常规施肥和施用不同种类生物肥共3大类9种处理进行田间试验,并于同年7~10月在灰枣不同生长期测定了各处理区域土壤中的碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质这4种养分的含量,研究了不同施肥处理下灰枣不同成熟期土壤各养分的动态变化情况。结果表明,不同处理、不同成熟期土壤各养分含量间均有差异,施用生物肥可以显著提高土壤中各养分的含量。     

中国古典园林与戏曲舞台空间布景的共通性

优秀的传统文化是一个民族劳动人民智慧的结晶。随着全球经济一体化的发展，中国传统文化受到西方文化的猛烈冲击，因此以中国古典园林和戏曲艺术的研究为代表的优秀传统文化的研究对中国现代文化发展有着深远意义。笔者通过查阅国内现有的关于古典园林和戏曲舞台空间布景的研究，发现该领域的研究并不丰富。通过对二者空间布局的层次、置陈布势的常用手法和艺术性进行共通性研究，希望对古典园林和戏曲保护提供参考和指导。     

Effect of germination time and temperature on the functionality and protein solubility of sorghum flour

Sorghum was germinated for different time (12, 24, 36 and 48 h) at different temperatures (25, 30 and 35 °C) and the changes in their nutritional and functional properties of germinated sorghum flour were assessed and compared with native sorghum flour. Germination inversely affects the crude protein, fat, fibre and ash content. A decrease in water absorption and swelling power and increase in oil absorption capacity was observed due to enzymatic starch modification as the germination duration progressed. Germination of sorghum increased the gel consistency while paste clarity was decreased as compared to native flour. Proteins were modified by action of enzymes during higher germination time and temperature conditions, which results in significantly higher protein solubility of germinated sorghum flour, which also result in enhancing the foaming and emulsifying properties of the flour. Lowest % synersis value and least gelation concentrations were observed in native sorghum has, which increased during germination and were highest in sorghum germinated for 48 h at 35 °C. Germination in overall can be used as low cost natural bio-processing technique for the preparation of modified flour with enhanced function properties without chemical modification or genetic engineering.     

Estimation of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) leaf nitrogen content at different growth stages using canopy reflectance spectra

The estimation of crop nitrogen status in fresh vegetation leaf using field spectroscopy is challenging due to the weak responses on leaf/canopy reflectance and the overlapping with the absorption features of other compounds. Although the spectral indices were proposed in the literature to predict leaf nitrogen content (LNC), the performance of selected spectral indices to estimate the LNC is often inconsistent. Moreover, the models for nitrogen content estimation changed with the growth stage. The goal of this study was to evaluate the performance of published indices, ratio of data difference index (RDDI) and ratio of data index (RDI) developed by band iterative-optimization algorithm in LNC estimation. The correlation analysis, linear regression and cross validation were used to analyze the relationship between spectral data and LNC and construct the best performed estimation model. The study was conducted by the data of five growing seasons of litchi from the orchards in Guangdong Province of China. Results showed that the relationship between chlorophyll (Chl) related spectral indices and LNC varied with the growth stage. Even in flower bud morphological differentiation stage and autumn shoot maturation stage, there were not significant correlations between the proposed spectral indices and LNC. Besides it is difficult to estimate the LNC by the general model across the growth stages due to the integrated effects of cultivar, biochemical, canopy structure, etc. The band iterative-optimization algorithm can improve the sensitivity of spectral data to LNC to some extent. The optimal RDDI performed better than other indices for the synthetic dataset and the dataset in each growth stage. And the sensitive bands selected in the optimal indices at each growth stage are not consistent, which are not only related to the Chl absorption but also other biochemical components, such as starch, lignin, cellulose, protein, etc. In general, the LNC can be estimated by the optimized CR-based RDDI indices in autumn shoot maturation stage, flower spike stage, fruit maturation stage, and flowering stage with the R² > 0.50 and RMSE < 0.14. Although there were the significant relationship between RDIs and RDDIs in flower bud morphological differentiation stage, the highest R²s of the model developed by RDDIs and RDIs were less than 0.50 in cross validation. This study indicated that the applicability of canopy reflectance to estimate litchi LNC was closely related to the growth stage of litchi. Growth stage-specific models will be preferred for estimating litchi LNC estimation.     

水杨酸和脱落酸浸种对低温下扁蓿豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

为筛选出提高低温下扁蓿豆（Medicago ruthenica）种子发芽能力的处理措施,本研究选取水杨酸（salicylic acid,SA）和脱落酸（abscisic acid,ABA）分别对扁蓿豆进行了7种不同浓度的浸种处理,测定了2种外源物质对低温下扁蓿豆种子发芽势﹑发芽率﹑发芽指数﹑活力指数、根长和芽长的影响。结果表明,2种外源物质浸种处理下扁蓿豆种子的发芽势﹑发芽率﹑发芽指数﹑活力指数,根长和芽长均呈先升高后降低的趋势,初次发芽天数无变化。供试处理中,低浓度的SA（0.1～10 μmol·L^-1）和ABA（0.001～0.5 μmol·L^-1）对扁蓿豆种子萌发﹑根长和芽长均有促进作用,且对根长和芽长的促进效果较种子萌发好,高浓度的SA（>20 μmol·L^-1）和ABA（>1 μmol·L^-1）显著抑制了种子萌发及根和芽的伸长（P<0.05）。通过模糊数学隶属函数的综合评价,0.05 μmol·L^-1的ABA浸种处理是低温下促进扁蓿豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的最佳浓度。     

多叶羽扇豆种子发芽条件的研究

在不同温度条件下,对多叶羽扇豆(Lupinus polyphyllus lindl)进行发芽试验,并利用不同药剂对多叶羽扇豆的硬实种子进行处理,得出以下结论:多叶羽扇豆发芽的最适温度在20℃左右,其发芽势计算应以前5 d发芽数为标准,其硬实种子采用浓硫酸处理2～5min发芽效果最好.     

温度对紫色辣椒新品系YN 99007萌发及某些生理指标的影响

用6种温度(40、35、30、25、20、15℃)处理紫色辣椒新品系YN 99007进行发芽试验(以日本天鹰椒作为对照),研究各温度下的发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、芽长、脯氨酸(Pro)含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量及质膜透性(PMP)等指标.结果表明:紫色辣椒YN 99007的发芽适宜温度范围为20～35℃,40℃和15℃下发芽优于对照品种;抗逆温生理特性亦优于对照品种.     

“破眠3号”促进一年两熟葡萄结果母枝萌芽试验初报

针对桂南地区鲜食葡萄生产一年两熟茬果的结果母枝萌芽率低和萌芽不整齐的现状,利用广西农科院园艺研究所、南方葡萄研究中心研制成功的外源调节剂"破眠3号"对巨峰、无核早红、户太一8、巨玫瑰、V28葡萄品种结果的母枝进行短截后施药催芽试验。结果表明,夏茬果以破眠3号20倍药液比30倍液萌芽率分别高11.61%、5.19%、5.79%、6.60%和13.18%,比对照分别高17.95%、22.18%、26.65%、28.46%和30.99%。冬茬果以破眠3号20倍药液催芽的萌芽率比30倍分别高9.48%、1.29%、6.14%、2.65%和3.53%,比对照分别高69.76%、56.28%6、1.67%、64.22%和68.09%。有利于促进桂南地区葡萄一年两熟生产的进一步提高和发展。     

不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应及HvPIPs基因表达特征分析

为研究不同基因型大麦苗期对干旱胁迫的响应,挖掘优质抗旱的大麦种质资源,以4份不同基因型大麦(2个高抗品种ZDM5430和ZDM5458,2个干旱敏感型品种7DCADA和IL-12)为材料,利用聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱条件,综合分析不同品种大麦的苗期抗旱性差异;并通过对不同品种根系进行PIPs实时定量分析,研究水通道蛋白AQPs基因与干旱胁迫之间的应答关系。结果表明,持续干旱胁迫会使大麦生长变缓,各处理苗长、根长、叶含水量和根含水量都呈下降趋势,其中,4个品种的大麦叶含水量在干旱胁迫14 d时下降最为显著,与对照相比,其降幅分别为29.14%、52.64%、21.67%和72.15%。干旱胁迫对大麦苗期干物质积累量和根冠比的影响较小,各处理间差异不显著;但持续干旱后,抗旱品种ZDM5430的根冠比呈上升趋势,在胁迫7、14、21 d时较CK分别增加了4.92%、42.86%和21.05%。随着胁迫时间的延长,大麦旗叶叶绿素含量和根系活力也呈下降趋势,其中ZDM5430和ZDM5458较对照组降幅较小,说明抗旱品种的形态指标、叶绿素含量及根系活力受干旱胁迫的影响较小。通过PIP...