DNA甲基化与肿瘤研究进展

对肿瘤研究的不断深入,发现除了基因突变之外,表观遗传改变也与肿瘤的发生发展密切相关。肿瘤表观遗传的改变以DNA的异常甲基化为主。DNA的异常甲基化几乎存在于任何类型的人类肿瘤中,包括皮肤恶性肿瘤。DNA甲基化是指在DNA甲基化酶的作用下,以S-腺苷酸-L-甲硫氨酸为甲基供体,将甲基转移到特定碱基上的过程。基因的正常功能除了依赖于正常结构外,还依赖于正常的甲基化状态。DNA的异常甲基化在肿瘤发生中起重要作用。     

西安城市热岛的时空分布特征

选取1959-2008年西安市常规气象站和城区加密自动站逐小时气温资料,采用城、郊气温对比法研究西安城市热岛效应的时间变化和空间分布。结果表明：西安城市热岛效应逐年增加,具有明显的季节变化特征;热岛强度日变化呈现双峰分布,两个峰值分别出现在05时和21时左右,最低值出现在11时左右。在西安市城区一直存在一个强城市强热岛...     

沙漠水渠人工固沙区沙篙和沙拐枣灌丛的土壤水分特征对比

在古尔班通古特沙漠引水渠沿线建植5a的人工固沙区内,选择自然生长的沙蒿和沙拐枣灌丛,依据冠幅大小设置5个水平距离梯度和4个土层深度梯度.对比研究了二者的土壤水分特征.结果表明,随土层深度的增加,两种灌丛土壤含水量均呈增加趋.,中下部2层(20～40 cm和40～60 cm)土壤含水量显著(P<0.05)高于上部2层(0...     

Conservation biology for suites of species: Demographic modeling for Pacific island kingfishers

Conservation practitioners frequently extrapolate data from single-species investigations when managing critically endangered populations. However, few researchers initiate work with the intent of making findings useful to conservation efforts for other species. We presented and explored the concept of conducting conservation-oriented research for suites of geographically separated populations with similar natural histories, resource needs, and extinction threats. An example was provided in the form of an investigation into the population demography of endangered Micronesian kingfishers (Todiramphus cinnamominus). We provided the first demographic parameter estimates for any of the 12 endangered Pacific Todiramphus species, and used results to develop a population projection matrix model for management throughout the insular Pacific. Further, we used the model for elasticity and simulation analyses with demographic values that randomly varied across ranges that might characterize congener populations. Results from elasticity and simulation analyses indicated that changes in breeding adult survival exerted the greatest magnitude of influence on population dynamics. However, changes in nestling survival were more consistently correlated with population dynamics as demographic rates were randomly altered. We concluded that conservation practitioners working with endangered Pacific kingfishers should primarily focus efforts on factors affecting nestling and breeder survival, and secondarily address fledgling juveniles and helpers. Further, we described how the generalized base model might be changed to focus on individual populations and discussed the potential application of multi-species models to other conservation situations.     

草菇基因文库的构建(英文)

应用基因重细技术,我们建立丁一个草菇总DNA的部分基因文库。通过限制性内切酶Sau 3AI部分酶切纯化的草菇总DNA,得到小于4kb的DNA片段。这些DNA片段插入到经Bam HI酶切及碱性磷酶酯酶处理的pUC18质粒,转化感受态细胞DH5α。在此研究中。我们比较了两种转化方法(氯化钙转化法和电转化法)的转化效率,电转化法的转化效率高于氯化钙转化法数千倍,达到2×10(2)CFU/μg DNA。在此实验中DNA重组率是64%,这个草菇总DNA的部分基因文库由8000个克隆组成,平均每个克隆含有1.5kb的草菇DNA。此基因文库含有15%的草菇总DNA。可作为分子标记用于DNA指纹图谱分析及作为遗传学标记用于RFLPs的遗传图谱分析。     

平潭海岛防护林的减灾稳产效益

本文报导了平潭县营造海岛防护林、经济林的成功经验,详述了海岛防护林在防风固沙、经受台风袭击中所发挥的防护作用及其所带来的经济效益。     

LiCl沉淀法提取富含荚膜的细菌基因组DNA

结合提取基因组DNA的CTAB法(hexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromide,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)和用于提取海藻基因组DNA的LiCl法,设计了针对产生较多荚膜多糖细菌的DNA提取方法—LiCl沉淀法。通过电泳、分光光度计及16SrRNA基因扩增检测,证明LiCl沉淀法可以有效地提取产荚膜细菌基因组DNA,其片断大小约为23kb,不需进一步纯化即可用于后续分子生物学实验。     

Surgical management of a malacic corneal ulcer in a greater one-horned Asian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) using a free island tarsoconjunctival graft

A greater one-horned Asian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis) presented for presumed ocular trauma to the left eye, with secondary bacterial infection, resulting in severe and progressive corneal ulceration. Following a poor response to medical therapy, the animal was anesthetized for further examination, and a bulbar conjunctival pedicle graft performed. This graft failed by 48-h postsurgery as a result of self-trauma. The animal was re-anesthetized, and a free island tarsoconjunctival graft performed. This second procedure was successful, resulting in globe preservation, cosmesis, and functional vision in the affected eye.     

利用Red重组系统敲除APEC毒力岛irp2基因

应用质粒pKD46介导的Red同源重组系统,以质粒pKD3为模板,设计irp2基因序列敲除引物,引物5'端有51 bp的拟敲除基因的同源臂,3 '端为扩增引物,扩增两侧含FRT位点的氯霉素抗性基因,通过第1次同源重组将拟敲除的irp2基因替换为氯霉素抗性基因,再通过重组酶质粒pCP20在FRT位点发生第2次同源重组,消除抗性基因.结果表明,利用该重组系统成功敲除了禽致病性大肠杆菌HPI毒力岛irp2基因.为深入研究irp2基因在禽致病性大肠杆菌致病过程中所发挥的作用打下基础.     

甘蓝型油菜成熟籽粒DNA快速提取方法探讨

以室温保存不同年份的甘蓝型油菜种子为材料,采用改良的CTAB法和DNA抽提试剂盒分别提取甘蓝型油菜籽粒DNA,探讨适合甘蓝型油菜籽粒DNA提取的方法。结果表明,不同保存年份种子提取的DNA含量无显著差异;受种皮色泽的影响也较小;用改良的CTAB法比试剂盒所提DNA产量高,结构完整性好,成本较低。PCR扩增检测结果表明两种方法获得的DNA均能满足一般的分子实验。因此,从油菜干籽粒中直接提取DNA可以节约时间,显著提高工作效率,为快速高效地进行甘蓝型油菜种质资源和遗传多样性分析奠定了基础,同时,也利于快速鉴定推广品种是否带有外源基因。