甘蓝型黄籽油菜RAPD和种皮色素遗传多样性

 以不同遗传背景的 14个甘蓝型黄籽油菜为材料 ,通过分析种皮内色素的种类、色素含量、蛋白质与含油量、RAPD标记等 ,研究了甘蓝型黄籽油菜资源的遗传多样性。结果表明 ,影响种皮色泽的色素主要为黑色素和花色素 ,根据其含量的不同 ,可分为高花色素类、高黑色素类和低色素类等 3个类群。其中 ,高花色素类的种子种皮花色素含量 >2 .5 4mg·g-1DW ,种子呈纯黄或橙黄色 ;高黑色素类种子的种皮色素含量 >178.4U(A2 90mm) ,种皮呈浅黑色 ,种子颜色为黑黄色 ;低色素类种子种皮的黑色素和花色素含量均较低 ,种皮半透明 ,种子部分因显现出胚的颜色而呈纯黄、绿黄或褐黄色。种子含油量为 36 .2 %～ 45 .5 %,蛋白质含量达 2 1.1%～ 2 7.7%,二者呈极显著负相关。对RAPD扩增结果进行UPGMA分析 ,发现甘蓝型黄籽油菜DNA存在着丰富的多态性 ,遗传相似系数为0 .2 5～ 0 .90 9,14个甘蓝型黄籽油菜材料可被划分为 2个类群。     

根癌农杆菌介导绿色荧光蛋白基因转化印度酸桔的研究

 通过根癌农杆菌介导将绿色荧光蛋白基因转入印度酸桔的胚性愈伤组织中, 经潮霉素筛选,获得抗性愈伤组织, 并再生植株。对这些植株进行GUS 染色、PCR 分析、绿色荧光检测和Sourthern 杂交验证, 结果表明绿色荧光蛋白已经在转基因植株中表达。     

农杆菌介导半夏凝集素基因对油菜的遗传转化

以3～4d苗龄的甘蓝型油菜品种陇油2号带柄子叶为转化受体材料,通过农杆菌LBA4404介导将半夏凝集素抗虫基因（pta）导入,获得抗卡那霉素的抗性植株3株。实验中还对影响油菜遗传转化的外源激素种类和配比进行了研究,结果表明,在预培养阶段1．0mg／L 2,4-D与0．2mg／L6-BA配合使用比单独使用2,4-D效果好,在幼苗分化阶段2．5mg／L6-BA、0．1mg／L NAA和0．5mg／L GA3配合使用有促进芽分化、抑制根分化的作用。     

Research advances in genetics and breeding ofpopulus davidiana dode in China

In this paper a general introduction is given to research advances in genetics improvement and breeding of Chinese aspen (Populus davidiana Dode) in China. This introduction includes natural distribution and collection, conservation, gene diversity, provenance trial, crossing breeding, vegetative propagation and disease resistant etc. Based on the current situation of forest tree breeding in China, some strategic suggestions concerning the future development of Chinese aspen genetics improvement in China are presented, taking into consideration the existing domestic demands of forestry production and international trends in forest tree breeding. Responsible Editor: Chai Ruihai     

安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊及其杂种后代的DNA指纹分析

以 (CA/GATA/TCC) 5探针 ,HinfI酶切 ,研究安哥拉山羊和建昌黑山羊及安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊级进杂交的F2 、F3的DNA指纹图谱。结果 ,在供试山羊中 ,个体平均检出 1 8.2± 0 .4条谱带 ,安哥拉山羊、F2 、F3的鉴别机率分别为 1 .38× 1 0 - 12 ,1 .1 8× 1 0 - 13,0 .50× 1 0 - 10 ;群体内相似系数安哥拉山羊为0 .4 539,F2 为 0 .4 0 77,F3为 0 .61 1 1 ;亲子鉴定的父权概率W =0 .9889;安哥拉山羊与建昌黑山羊比较 ,2 .3kb和 8.6kb谱带为安哥拉山羊的特异谱带     

家蚕蛾黄翅的遗传分析与黄血基因的多效作用

在保存家蚕突变基因资源过程中调查发现：黄血蚕蛾翅在羽化之初呈鲜黄色,白血蚕均不然。通过与白血蚕（非黄翅）和黄血抑制基因（I）进行杂交试验,分析黄翅的遗传规律,结合普查家蚕突变系统蛾翅色性状,证明黄翅性状与幼虫黄脚一样,为黄血基因支配。进而记录了因黄血基因的多效作用在卵、幼虫、茧、成虫各阶段表现的形态特征。     

Responses in carcass lean pH at 24 hours post-mortem in lines of Large White pigs selected for growth rate on a fixed ration over a set time

A restricted maximum likelihood analysis applied to an animal model showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in pH value of the longissimus dorsi measured at 24 h post-mortem (pH24) between high and low lines of Large White pigs selected over 4 years for post-weaning growth rate on restricted feeding. Genetic and phenotypic correlations between pH24 and production and carcass traits were estimated using all performance testing records combined with the pH24 measurements (5.05–7.02) on slaughtered animals. The estimate of heritability for pH24 was moderate (0.29 ± 0.18). Genetic correlations between pH24 and production or carcass composition traits, except for ultrasonic backfat (UBF), were not significantly different from zero. UBF had a moderate, positive genetic correlation with pH24 (0.24 ± 0.33). These estimates of genetic correlations affirmed that selection for increased growth rate on restricted feeding is likely to result in limited changes in pH24 and pork quality since the selection does not put a high emphasis on reduced fatness.     

同工酶在西南地区野生狗牙根遗传多样性上的研究

对36份具有代表性的西南地区野生狗牙根材料采用同工酶进行遗传多样性研究,筛选出优良草坪草C1,C32,C9和部分优良育种材料,为西南地区狗牙根的开发利用及申报品种提供理论依据。     

披碱草属植物遗传多样性研究进展

综述了近年来国内外关于披碱草属(Elymus L.)植物遗传多样性的研究现状和存在的问题,同时讨论了其作为重要种质资源的应用前景。     

Molecular systematics in Chrysanthemum × grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura

An attempt was made to understand the molecular systematics and genetic differences between 10 original chrysanthemum cultivars and 11 mutants. The similarity among the cultivars and mutants varied from 0.17 to 0.90 using RAPD analyses, a simple but efficient method to distinguish cultivars and to assess parentage. Two distinct groups were found. Two cultivars were present as a separate group showing differences from all other cultivars. Mutants with different flower colour could be identified at the molecular level using RAPD technique holding promise to identify unique genes as SCAR markers. A high genetic distance among the different chrysanthemums showed that there exists a possibility of introgressing new and novel genes from the chrysanthemum gene pool.