八种常绿阔叶树种抗寒性的研究

以引自亚热带北缘的８种常绿阔叶树为试材，分别对树叶、当年生枝条经过０、－１０、－２０、－３０、－４０℃冷冻处理后，用电导法、电阻法、气孔行为观察法、组织水势法对其抗寒性进行测定。并对其抗寒性指标进行了模糊聚类分析、主成分分析和模糊相似优先比分析，确定了常绿阔叶树种引种到济南的优化链．     

泵装置最佳转速理论探讨

根据泵装置运行特性,采用系统工程方法探讨其效率与转速之间的关系,建立了确定最佳转速的数学模型,并给出了具体的算例。     

火三含蜡原油管道初凝现象分析

通过对火三含蜡原油管道初凝现象以及对其处理过程中的运行参数进行分析，认为连续运行的管道，其下游的进站温度应控制在输送介质的凝点＋3℃温度以上；间歇运行的管道，末站进站温度应达到安全停输时间的要求，以保证管道在冬季安全运行。对于含蜡原油管道的初凝现象象，三个过程主导着压力，排量的变化和管道恢复正常的速度，第一是管内空隙的充装过程，第二是使末段部分温原油屈服的过程，第三是冲刷，剥落管壁凝油层，恢复管道正常排量的过程。     

热水加温处理病死木防治松材线虫、媒介昆虫效果的研究

松材线虫(Bursaphelenchus xylophilus)病在我国江苏南京、镇江、安徽马鞍山、和县和广东深圳等地普遍发生。江苏发生的面积达30余万亩,被害树种有黑松(Pinus thunbergii)、马尾松(P.massoniana)、湿地松(P.elliottii)、海岸松(P.pinaster)、黄松(P.thunbergiixp.massoniana)、千头赤松(P.densifloraxp.umbraculifera)、白皮松     

一类三种群第Ⅲ类功能性反应系统的稳定性

本文对一类三种群第Ⅲ类功能性反应系统(1)进行了稳定性分析,研究了各平衡点的局部稳定性,讨论了该系统在 R_3~+={(x_1,x_2,x_3,)I_(x_i)>o~(i=1,2,3)} 中的一切解的有界性,利用 Liapurov 函数方法,得出了平衡点 E_4的全局渐近稳定性的充分条件,并阐明了其生态意义.     

黄土高原沟壑区苹果树休眠枝条含水量研究

通过对苹果树休眠枝条含水量的比较研究,探讨了黄土高原沟壑区不同地形、不同农艺措施处理对果树枝条受冻害“抽干”程度的影响。结果表明,沟坡地形热量状况最好、果树受冻害程度最轻,台坪次之,塬面受冻害程度最重;生育期灌溉和果园深翻可以明显降低枝条受冻害程度。     

Involvement of a sodium channel mutation in pyrethroid resistance in Cydia pomonella L, and development of a diagnostic test

Populations of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) have developed resistance to several classes of insecticide such as benzoylureas, juvenile hormone analogues, ecdysone agonists and pyrethroids, but the corresponding resistance mechanisms have not been extensively studied. Knockdown resistance (kdr) to pyrethroid insecticides has been associated with point mutations in the para sodium channel gene in a great variety of insect pest species. We have studied two susceptible strains (S and Sv) and two resistant strains (Rt and Rv) of C pomonella that exhibited 4- and 80-fold resistance ratios to deltamethrin, respectively. The region of the voltage-dependent sodium channel gene which includes the position where kdr and super-kdr mutations have been found in Musca domestica L was amplified. The kdr mutation, a leucine-to-phenylalanine replacement at position 1014, was found only in the Rv strain. In contrast, the super-kdr mutation, a methionine-to-threonine replacement at position 918, was not detected in any C pomonella strain. These data allowed us to develop a PCR-based diagnostic test (PASA) to monitor the frequency of the kdr mutation in natural populations of C pomonella in order to define appropriate insecticide treatments in orchards.     

Monitoring and characterization of Magnaporthe grisea isolates with decreased sensitivity to scytalone dehydratase inhibitors

Rice blast fungus isolates were collected in Kyushu to investigate resistance to scytalone dehydratase inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis (MBI-D). In 2001, failure of control of rice blast was reported in the Saga prefecture, where MBI-Ds have been used since 1998. At that time, the distribution of resistant isolates was mainly limited to that area. However, in 2002, resistant isolates were detected in all prefectures of Kyushu. DNA fingerprinting analysis showed that the mutation causing resistance to MBI-Ds had arisen independently in each area. These data suggest that resistant isolates may occur in any area and become dominant under continuous selection pressure for MBI-Ds. Nevertheless, resistant strains can be controlled by reductase inhibitors of melanin biosynthesis (MBI-R) or commercial rice seed disinfectants.     

论《审美教育书简》的两个逻辑起点

席勒的《审美教育书简》是美育的第一部宣言书。席勒在写作这本书时基本上有两条思路,即有两个逻辑起点：一是对其所处时代的精神状况的批判,二是对人性的抽象分析。笔者着重梳理这两个逻辑起点,并阐发其生发的美育思想及其对中国当代美育的影响和启示。     

失水胁迫下辣椒幼苗离体叶片光合作用对弱光的响应

 以弱光耐受性不同的4个辣椒（Capsicum annuum L.）自交系为试材,在人工气候室的受控环境中研究叶片短期离体失水胁迫条件下光合作用对弱光（75～100 μmol·m-2·s-1）的响应。结果表明,对于正常光照或弱光环境下的辣椒幼苗,在轻度和中度水分胁迫下,气孔限制因素是引起叶片光合速率下降的主要因素,而严重的水分胁迫使光合速率大幅度下降则是受非气孔因素的限制。在轻度和中度水分胁迫时,辣椒叶片光合作用对弱光的响应较迟缓,即弱光下光合速率随叶片相对含水量（RLWC）减小而下降的趋势相对缓慢,光合速率对水分的变化不敏感。失水胁迫下辣椒（果实味辣）对弱光的适应性强于甜椒（果实味甜）。弱光环境下生长的辣椒叶片水势较高,水合补偿点有减小的趋势。