中药双炎散治疗鸭疫里默氏杆菌病的研究

[目的]为寻求能防治鸭疫里默氏杆菌病的中药,减少抗生素残留奠定基础。[方法]从某养鸭场出现典型病变的病死鸭分离到3株鸭疫里默氏杆菌,探讨中药制剂双炎散对鸭疫里默氏杆菌病的防治效果,并将其与氟甲砜霉素的防治效果进行了比较。[结果]双炎散对鸭疫里默氏杆菌具有显著的治疗和预防作用。对感染里默氏杆菌的雏鸭的有效治疗率为82.5%,与氟甲砜霉素无明显的差异(P>0.05)。双炎散对发病雏鸭的治疗效果与氟甲砜霉素无明显的差异(P>0.05)。双炎散发挥药效的时间较晚,但其治疗效果却稍好于氟甲砜霉素。[结论]双炎散制剂在防治鸭疫里默氏杆菌病中具有广泛的应用前景。     

氟苯尼考静注及肌注在绵羊体内的药代动力学研究

健康绵羊8只,随机分为A、B两组,A组静注单剂量20mg·kg-1氟苯尼考试验品,B组肌注单剂量30mg·kg-1氟苯尼考试验品。两周后,A组肌注单剂量20mg·kg-1氟苯尼考试验品,B组肌注单剂量20mg·kg-1氟苯尼考对照品。用高压液相色谱法测定血浆中的药物浓度。采用3p97药代动力学程序软件处理药 时数据。静注药 时数据符合三室开放模型,主要药代动力学参数:Vd(ss)1 87±0 26L·kg-1,T1/2α1 5±0 06h,T1/2β19 47±7 64h,CL(s)0 25±0 05L·kg-1·h-1,AUC77 35±10 24μg·h·mL-1;氟苯尼考试验品肌注药 时数据符合一室开放模型,主要药代动力学参数:20mg·kg-1剂量组C(max)4 20±0 28μg·mL-1,T1/2ka0 26±0 02h,T1/2ke10 07±1 08h,AUC67 47±11 02μg·h·mL-1,F(绝对)87 22%,F(相对)97 66%;30mg·kg-1剂量组C(max)7 10±1 84μg·mL-1,T1/2ka0 26±0 10h,T1/2ke9 57±3 28h,AUC101 58±10 25μg·h·mL-1。实验结果表明,氟苯尼考试验品肌注后曲线下面积AUC与剂量呈比例关系,在绵羊体内吸收好,分布快,消除缓慢,与先灵葆雅公司对照品相似。     

氟苯尼考和中草药黄芪淫羊藿合剂对鸡体液免疫反应的影响

试验分别对免疫期间的各组鸡连续两周给予不同剂量的氟苯尼考、黄芪淫羊藿合剂后,在不同日龄采取血样,用血凝抑制(HI)试验分别对鸡新城疫(ND)抗体水平和禽流感(AI)抗体水平进行监测。结果表明,混饮给药,小剂量(50mg/L)氟苯尼考对ND抗体水平影响不显著(P>0 05),而中(150mg/L)、高(250mg/L)剂量氟苯尼考对ND抗体产生有显著的抑制作用(P<0 01);氟苯尼考追加给药1周后,中、高剂量组ND抗体水平又有显著降低(P<0 05),而小剂量组ND抗体水平差异不显著;中(15ml/L)、高(22 5ml/L)剂量黄芪淫羊藿合剂对ND、AI抗体产生有显著增强作用(P<0 01);对因氟苯尼考造成的免疫抑制,黄芪淫羊藿合剂可使抗体水平恢复至对照组水平(P>0 05)。     

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in blunt‐snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) at two water temperatures with single‐dose oral administration

The pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of florfenicol (FFC) and its metabolite florfenicol amine (FFA) were studied in healthy blunt‐snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, 50 ± 10 g). The study was conducted with a single‐dose (25 mg/kg) oral administration at a water temperature of 18 or 28°C, while in the residue elimination study, fish were administered at 25 mg/kg daily for three consecutive days by oral gavage to determine the withdrawal period (WDT) at 28°C. The FFC and FFA levels in plasma and tissues (liver, kidneys and muscle) were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A no‐compartment model was used to analyse the concentration versus time data of M. amblycephala. In the two groups at 18 and 28°C, the maximum plasma concentration (C_max) of FFC was 5.89 and 6.21 μg/ml, while the time to reach C_max (T_max) was 5.97 and 2.84 hr, respectively. These suggested that higher temperature absorbed more drug and more quickly at M. amblycephala. And the elimination half‐life (T_1/2kβ) of FFC was calculated as 26.75 and 16.14 hr, while the total body clearance (CL) was 0.09 and 0.15 L kg^?1 hr^?1, and the areas under the concentration–time curves (AUCs) were 265.87 and 163.31 μg hr/ml, respectively. The difference demonstrated that the elimination rate of FFC in M. amblycephala at 28°C was more quickly than that at 18°C. The results of FFA showed the same trend in tissues of M. amblycephala. After multiple oral doses (25 mg/kg daily for 3 days), the k (eliminate rate constant) of FFA in M. amblycephala muscle was 0.017, the C₀ (initial concentration) was 3.07 mg/kg, and the WDT was 10 days (water temperature 28°C).     

金芩芍注射液含量测定的不确定度分析

为了探讨金芩芍注射液含量测定的不确定度分析评定,通过分析测量过程,建立数学模型,确定不确定度来源,评价各标准不确定度分量合成标准不确定度,评定扩展不确定度,给出不确定度评定结果报告。金芩芍注射液含量测定结果可表示为(2.96±0.04)mg/m L(k=2)。测量结果不确定度的主要来源为天平称量、高效液相色谱仪和小体积玻璃量具。     

新型水溶性氟苯尼考制备研究

[目的]为兽药市场提供低成本良好水溶性的氟苯尼考水针剂原料药。[方法]由适当浓度的酸与氟苯尼考在搅拌下制成了具有良好水溶性复合物A。[结果]制得的复合物A为白色粉末,溶解度为1.7,比旋光度为+15.7,水溶液紫外最大吸收波长为266nm,干燥失重为1.4%,pH值为4.1,温、湿度加速和光加速稳定性试验合格,以外标法计算测得复合物A中氟苯尼考含量为91.8%。[结论]复合物A经检测符合药典要求,可用作水针剂的原料,与同类产品相比,成本大幅度降低,水溶性更好。     

苦碟子注射液活性成分含量测定方法研究

通过大孔树脂将注射液中2类成分分离,避免对测定结果的干扰。选用紫外-可见分光光度法分别测定2部分的黄酬和有机酸的含量。大孔树脂D101分离效果较好。以木犀草素-7-0-β-D-葡萄糖醛酸苷为对照品测得苦碟子注射液中总黄酮含量8．20mg／支,以菊苣酸为对照品测得苦碟子注射液中总有机酸含量为7．16mg／支。该分离方法重现性较好,2种测定方法准确,可靠,可以控制苦碟子注射液质量。     

紫苏叶注射液的制备(英文)

[Objective] To extract the effective component rosmarinic acid from Folium perillae,study preparation technology and quality control of rosmarinic acid injection and provide test basis for hemorheological drug development and clinic application.[Method]The coarse powder of Folium perillae(40 μm)was lixiviated with hot water and acidized to make aqueous extracts.Rosmarinic acid from the aqueous mixture was extracted with Ethyl Acetate.And Et Ac was evaporated to obtain primary product.The injection was purified by pH adjustment.Concentration of rosmarinic acid in the injection was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Contents of tannin,resin and oxalate were eliminated according to the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition).Stability,irritation,haemolyticus,LD50 and thermogenic substance of this injection were also detected.[Result]The content of rosmarinic acid in Folium perillae injection is 2.81 mg/ml,and the content of LD50 was 406.82 mg/kg.This injection was consistent with the stipulation of Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition).[Conclusion]The preparation technology of this experiment was reasonable.The stable qualities of the prepared injection meet the injection requirement.     

氟苯尼考人工抗原的合成与鉴定

采用混合酸酐(MA)法,将氟苯尼考(FFC)分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清蛋白(OVA)连接,制备人工免疫抗原FFC-HS-BSA和包被原FFC-HS-OVA,经紫外扫描(UV)、凝胶电泳 (SDS-PAGE)、红外扫描光谱(IR)和动物免疫试验证实人工抗原合成成功.     

喷油温度对生物柴油雾化特性的影响研究

为准确了解生物柴油温度对雾化效果的影响规律,通过自制高响应温度传感器,测试了大豆脂肪酸甲酯(SFAME)在S195型发动机额定工况下盛油槽温度的变化;在共轨喷油系统上模拟发动机工作时的喷油温度,使用马尔文粒径测试仪,测取了不同喷油温度下雾滴粒径分布的变化情况.结果表明:S195型发动机在稳定的额定工况下,喷油温度在喷油始点为281℃,喷油过程中呈下降趋势;通过控制供油管路上的加热装置,提高喷油温度可使雾滴的索特平均直径(SMD)减小,但随着喷油温度升高雾滴直径的减小趋势减缓;预热喷油器前的生物柴油,能提高喷雾过程后期的喷油温度,有利于改善雾化效果.