柴油机应用生物柴油的发展现状

总结了生物柴油的优点,介绍了生物柴油在石化柴油机上的应用现状,分析了生物柴油的喷雾特性,为生物柴油的开发利用提供参考。     

Effect of organoclay platelets on the mechanical properties of wood–plastic composites formulated with virgin and recycled polypropylene

Abstract

This study investigated the effects of organoclay platelet contents (0, 3 and 5 wt%) and polypropylene type (virgin and recycled) on the mechanical properties of polypropylene/wood flour composites. Composite samples were made by melt compounding and consequent injection moulding. The tensile, flexural and impact properties of resultant composites were determined. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of composites with 3 and 5% nanoclay content was also conducted. The results indicated that tensile and flexural properties of the composites increased with the addition of nanoclay particles up to 3 wt% and decreased thereafter. The impact strength of the composites, however, decreased with the incorporation of nanoclay. The mechanical properties of the recycled polypropylene-based nanocomposites were statistically comparable with those based on virgin polypropylene. XRD analysis revealed that the degree of intercalation in the nanocomposites containing 3% nanoclay was higher than in those containing 5%. Based on these results, it can be concluded that recycled polypropylene could be used instead of virgin polypropylene in the production of value-added products with no significant adverse effects on the mechanical properties.     

盐酸二氟沙星注射液稳定性研究

本文以紫外—可见分光光度仪测定盐酸二氟沙星注射液中二氟沙星的含量 ,采用经典恒温加速实验和强光照射实验研究该制剂的热稳定性和光稳定性。结果表明 ,该制剂盐酸二氟沙星的热降解反应为一级动力学过程。在40℃ ,5 0℃ ,6 0℃和 70℃时的降解速度常数分别为 :3 92 4× 10 -4 ,8 0 70× 10 -4 ,1 5 91× 10 -3 ,3 0 17× 10 -3 其热降解速度常数R2 98为 :1 2 13× 10 4 贮存有效期t0 9为 2 38年 ,半衰期为 15 6 6年 ,该制剂光稳定性尚属良好。     

电控单体泵喷射特性关键影响因素研究

通过数值模拟揭示了凸轮型线速度、柱塞直径、高压油管长度、高压油管内径等关键影响因素对喷射特性中的喷油压力、循环喷油量、喷油持续期和供油系数的影响规律.利用AMESim建模,对比实验数据验证了仿真模型的准确性.应用实验设计的方法,考虑交互作用,进行了相关性分析,得出各种因素和喷射特性参数之间的相关系数.结果表明各影响因素的单因子及交互作用因子均与喷射特性存在着相关性,且随着转速的变化而呈复杂的变化规律.     

Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol after intravenous and intramuscular administration in New Zealand White rabbits

The pharmacokinetic disposition and bioavailability of florfenicol (FF) were determined after single intravenous (i.v.) and intramuscular (i.m.) administrations of 25 mg/kg b.w. to ten healthy New Zealand White rabbits. Plasma FF concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The plasma pharmacokinetic values for FF were best described by a one-compartment open model. The elimination half-life (t_1/2β) was different (p < 0.05) however, the area under curve (AUC) was similar (p > 0.05) after i.v. and i.m. administrations. FF was rapidly eliminated (t_1/2β 1.49 ± 0.23 h), slowly absorbed and high (F, 88.75 ± 0.22%) after i.m. injection. In addition, FF was widely distributed to the body tissues (V_ss 0.98 ± 0.05 L/kg) after i.v. injection. In this study the time that plasma concentration exceeded the concentration of 2 μg/mL was approximately 6 h. For bacteria with MIC of 2 μg/mL, frequent administration at this dose would be needed to maintain the concentration above the MIC. However, it is possible that rabbit pathogens may have MIC values less than 2 μg/mL which would allow for less frequent administration. Further studies are necessary to identify the range of MIC values for rabbit pathogens and to identify the most appropriate PK-PD parameter needed to predict an effective dose.     

PPD的批次与注射方式对PPD皮内变态反应检疫的影响

为了探究在牛结核病检疫中出现的使用不同批次的PPD和皮下注射PPD等情况是否会对检疫结果的判定造成干扰。本试验首次通过在豚鼠背部采用皮下注射法和皮内交替注射同一厂家不同批次的结核菌素提纯蛋白衍化物(Purified protein derivative of tuberculin,PPD)的方法,参照《结核菌素提纯蛋白衍化物(PPD)制造及检定规程》于每次注射后24h、48h和72h观察皮试处是否产生迟发型变态反应。试验结果为皮内组(不同批次PPD皮内注射)和皮下组(同一批次PPD皮下注射)经3次注射后的皮试结果与标准参照组的皮试结果无差异,且在每次皮试后的24h、48h和72h皮试处均未出现局部红斑硬结。本试验证明了PPD皮内变态反应检疫结果判定不受PPD皮下接种及PPD的不同批次的干扰。     

四种方法治疗奶牛传染性角膜结膜炎的试验研究

观察四种治疗方法治疗奶牛传染性角膜结膜炎的疗效,并进行对比,选出较好的治疗方案,以提高奶牛传染性角膜结膜炎的治愈率。选取确诊为传染性角膜结膜炎的奶牛80头,将患牛随机分4组,在应用西药的基础上,又分别采用中兽医的方法治疗,四组分别为综合治疗组、中药内服加点眼组、柳枝穿插顺气穴加自家血注射组及对照组。综合治疗组的治愈率95%;中药内服加点眼组治愈率80%;柳枝穿插顺气穴加自家血注射组的治愈率75%;对照组的治愈率为45%。在应用西药的基础上采用综合治疗的方法疗效高于其它三种方法,为临床治疗该病提供了确实可行的治疗方法。     

高效液相色谱法测定板蓝根注射液中(R,S)-告依春的含量

建立了板蓝根注射液中（R,S）-告依春含量测定的高效液相色谱方法。采用Waters XBridgeC18色谱柱（150mm×4．6mm,5μm）,甲醇-0．02％磷酸溶液（7：93）为流动相,流速为1．0mL／min,检测波长245nm,柱温30℃。在1-40μg／mL浓度范围内线性关系良好（r=0．9998）,系统精密度RSD为0．31％（n=6）,平均回收率为98．6％（RSD=0．36％）。本方法重现性好,可用于该制剂的质量控制。     

非道路国Ⅲ柴油机电控系统的工作原理及其特点

阐述了非道路国Ⅲ柴油机电控系统的组成和工作原理,分析了柴油机电控系统的主要特点;通过试验验证了该系统的完整性和可靠性,同时指出柴油机电控系统是国内柴油机行业先进技术的代表,也是今后国内非道路柴油机应用和发展的趋势。     

Fortification of pork loins with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and its effect on flavour

Pork is traditionally low in docosahexanoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) and deficient in omega-3 fats for a balanced human diet. DHA as triglycerides was commercially prepared from the microalgae Schizochytrium and injected into fresh pork loins. Treatments of a mixed brine control (CON), 3.1% sunflower oil in mixed brine (SF) and a 3.1% DHA oil in mixed brine (DHA) were injected into pork loins at 10 mL/100 g and grilled at 205°C. After cooking, the CON and SF pork loins contained 0.03 to 0.05 mg DHA/g of pork and the DHA injected loins contained approximately 1.46 mg DHA/g. This also changed the fatty acid profile of omega-6: omega-3 from, 5 to 1 in the CON pork, to a ratio of 1.7 to 1 in DHA pork. The appearance, odor, oxidation rates and sensory taste, as judged by a trained panel, determined the DHA injected meat to be, ''slightly desirable’ and gave lower ''off flavour’ scores, relative to the CON and SF injected pork. Pork can be fortified with DHA oil to 146 mg/100 g serving, which would meet half the recommended daily omega 3 fatty acid requirements for adult humans and would be desirable in taste.