Pharmacokinetics of florfenicol in blunt‐snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) at two water temperatures with single‐dose oral administration

The pharmacokinetics and residue elimination of florfenicol (FFC) and its metabolite florfenicol amine (FFA) were studied in healthy blunt‐snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala, 50 ± 10 g). The study was conducted with a single‐dose (25 mg/kg) oral administration at a water temperature of 18 or 28°C, while in the residue elimination study, fish were administered at 25 mg/kg daily for three consecutive days by oral gavage to determine the withdrawal period (WDT) at 28°C. The FFC and FFA levels in plasma and tissues (liver, kidneys and muscle) were analysed using high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). A no‐compartment model was used to analyse the concentration versus time data of M. amblycephala. In the two groups at 18 and 28°C, the maximum plasma concentration (C_max) of FFC was 5.89 and 6.21 μg/ml, while the time to reach C_max (T_max) was 5.97 and 2.84 hr, respectively. These suggested that higher temperature absorbed more drug and more quickly at M. amblycephala. And the elimination half‐life (T_1/2kβ) of FFC was calculated as 26.75 and 16.14 hr, while the total body clearance (CL) was 0.09 and 0.15 L kg^?1 hr^?1, and the areas under the concentration–time curves (AUCs) were 265.87 and 163.31 μg hr/ml, respectively. The difference demonstrated that the elimination rate of FFC in M. amblycephala at 28°C was more quickly than that at 18°C. The results of FFA showed the same trend in tissues of M. amblycephala. After multiple oral doses (25 mg/kg daily for 3 days), the k (eliminate rate constant) of FFA in M. amblycephala muscle was 0.017, the C₀ (initial concentration) was 3.07 mg/kg, and the WDT was 10 days (water temperature 28°C).     

金芩芍注射液含量测定的不确定度分析

为了探讨金芩芍注射液含量测定的不确定度分析评定,通过分析测量过程,建立数学模型,确定不确定度来源,评价各标准不确定度分量合成标准不确定度,评定扩展不确定度,给出不确定度评定结果报告。金芩芍注射液含量测定结果可表示为(2.96±0.04)mg/m L(k=2)。测量结果不确定度的主要来源为天平称量、高效液相色谱仪和小体积玻璃量具。     

氟苯尼考人工抗原的合成与鉴定

采用混合酸酐(MA)法,将氟苯尼考(FFC)分别与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和卵清蛋白(OVA)连接,制备人工免疫抗原FFC-HS-BSA和包被原FFC-HS-OVA,经紫外扫描(UV)、凝胶电泳 (SDS-PAGE)、红外扫描光谱(IR)和动物免疫试验证实人工抗原合成成功.     

泰地罗新注射液治疗猪呼吸道疾病临床疗效试验

为评价泰地罗新注射液注射液(4%)对猪呼吸道疾病的有效性和安全性,试验选择自然发病、表现典型的呼吸系统疾病症状的130头猪进行治疗效果试验。将患病猪随机分成2组(试验组和对照组),受试组采用泰地罗新注射液(4 mg/kg体重)肌内注射给药,对照组采用氟苯尼考注射液(2 mg/kg体重)肌内注射给药。结果显示:受试组和对照组给药后,对猪呼吸道疾病的有效率分别为86.15%和78.46%,治愈率分别为83.08%和75.38%,死亡率分别为10.77%和16.92%。泰地罗新注射液与氟苯尼考注射液相比,疗效更好,死亡率较低。泰地罗新注射液对自然感染副猪嗜血杆菌和胸膜肺炎放线杆菌等引起的呼吸道疾病具有良好的治疗效果。     

紫苏叶注射液的制备(英文)

[Objective] To extract the effective component rosmarinic acid from Folium perillae,study preparation technology and quality control of rosmarinic acid injection and provide test basis for hemorheological drug development and clinic application.[Method]The coarse powder of Folium perillae(40 μm)was lixiviated with hot water and acidized to make aqueous extracts.Rosmarinic acid from the aqueous mixture was extracted with Ethyl Acetate.And Et Ac was evaporated to obtain primary product.The injection was purified by pH adjustment.Concentration of rosmarinic acid in the injection was detected by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).Contents of tannin,resin and oxalate were eliminated according to the Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition).Stability,irritation,haemolyticus,LD50 and thermogenic substance of this injection were also detected.[Result]The content of rosmarinic acid in Folium perillae injection is 2.81 mg/ml,and the content of LD50 was 406.82 mg/kg.This injection was consistent with the stipulation of Chinese Pharmacopeia(2005 edition).[Conclusion]The preparation technology of this experiment was reasonable.The stable qualities of the prepared injection meet the injection requirement.     

新型水溶性氟苯尼考制备研究

[目的]为兽药市场提供低成本良好水溶性的氟苯尼考水针剂原料药。[方法]由适当浓度的酸与氟苯尼考在搅拌下制成了具有良好水溶性复合物A。[结果]制得的复合物A为白色粉末,溶解度为1.7,比旋光度为+15.7,水溶液紫外最大吸收波长为266nm,干燥失重为1.4%,pH值为4.1,温、湿度加速和光加速稳定性试验合格,以外标法计算测得复合物A中氟苯尼考含量为91.8%。[结论]复合物A经检测符合药典要求,可用作水针剂的原料,与同类产品相比,成本大幅度降低,水溶性更好。     

氟苯尼考对大黄鱼的急性毒性及体外抑菌试验

采用倍比稀释法,研究氟苯尼考对哈氏弧菌、副溶血弧菌、溶藻弧菌等8种大黄鱼(Pseudosciaena crocea)致病弧菌的体外抑菌效应;同时以棋盘微量稀释法进行五倍子、黄连、乌梅与氟苯尼考的联合用药试验,并研究了该药对养殖大黄鱼的急性毒性效应。结果表明,氟苯尼考对所选弧菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)在0.39～0.78μg/mL,且其MBC值与MIC值相等或为对倍关系;联合用药显示,MIC值比单独使用时略有降低,FIC指数为1.00～0.75,其中以氟苯尼考和五倍子的协同作用最为显著;氟苯尼考口服给药对大黄鱼具有较高安全性,96h LD50>1000mg/kg,对大黄鱼的安全浓度SC>100mg/kg。     

氟苯尼考的药效学及其在水产动物中的代谢动力学研究进展

氟苯尼考具有很强的抗菌活性,对大多数革兰氏阳性菌及阴性菌都有作用,在水产养殖上有广泛应用。本文综述了氟苯尼考在水产动物中的药效学、药物动力学及残留消除规律的研究进展,以期为氟苯尼考在水产病害防治中的科学性和规范性应用提供思路,促进我国水产品的安全与水产养殖的可持续发展。