包膜控释肥料在水旱2种模式下的释放率研究

比较了包膜控释肥料在水旱2种模拟形式下的释放率变化情况。结果表明：在同等条件下,包膜控释肥料在水田的养分累计释放率大于旱田。包膜控释肥料前期的释放速率是水田明显高于旱田,而后期的释放速率则为旱田略高于水田。土壤物理形态的差异对包膜控释肥料的养分释放有很大影响。     

几个适制扁茶的无性系茶树品种引种试验

对几个适制扁茶的无性系茶树品种在青岛地区进行了引种比较试验,经过综合评价,认为龙井43、浙农139比较适合在北方茶区露地栽培,平阳特早发芽最早,适合在大棚种植。     

Leaching and Recovering of Nitrogen Following N Fertilizers Application to the Soil in a Laboratory Study

Following soil fertilization, nitrogen (N) is partially lost. The objective of this study was to evaluate leaching and recovery of N after addition of fertilizers to the soil. Two experiments were conducted in leaching columns submitted to frequent water percolations. In the leaching experiment, urea, ammonium nitrate, and six coated N fertilizers were utilized; in the N recovery experiment, treatments consisted of urea, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium nitrate, combined or not with percolation. Percolations were performed weekly with quantification of ammonium and nitrate in the percolated. The recovered N was obtained by summing total N percolated with N in the soil. Nitrate leaching was highest from amide-N fertilizers, with no differences between them showing that coating urea was not efficient to decrease N leaching. Nitric fertilizers had the lowest recovery of N, probably due to the occurrence of denitrification caused by the frequent water percolation.     

改性聚丙烯酸酯包膜控释肥料的控释性能研究

针对应用流化床包衣设备进行水溶性高分子聚合物包膜肥料中试生产中存在的问题,研究了交联剂用量对膜材料表面结构与疏水性能的影响,以及不同后处理工艺对改善包膜肥料控释性能的作用。结果表明,以水溶性高分子聚丙烯酸乳液为主成分的包膜材料中添加交联剂(氮丙啶)的比例由1%(质量百分数,下同)增加至2%,肥料包膜表面结构变得更加平整致密,疏水性能也有所增强,控释效果显著提升。在40℃静水浸泡的9 d时间内前者释放了90%以上的养分,而后者仅释放了约40%的养分。不同后处理工艺对增强包膜肥料的控释性能作用不一。烘箱加热的效果远好于微波处理,且当交联剂添加比例较低(0.3%)时,在一定范围内(60℃~80℃)升高后处理温度,包膜肥料的控释性能显著增强。而当交联剂添加比例增至1%以上时,升温对其控释性能几乎无影响。     

低磷日粮中添加包衣植酸酶对肉仔鸡生长性能和钙、磷利用率的影响

选用1日龄AA肉仔鸡360只进行为期6周的饲养试验。对照组饲喂有效磷含量为0.45%(0~3周)和0.40%(4~6周)的基础日粮,不添加包衣植酸酶;处理1、处理2饲喂有效磷含量为0.35%(0~3周)和0.30%(4~6周)的日粮,并分别在日粮中添加250、500 FTU/kg的包衣植酸酶;处理3、处理4饲喂有效磷含量为0.25%(0~3周)和0.20%(4~6周)的日粮,并分别在日粮中添加250、500 FTU/kg的包衣植酸酶。结果表明:与对照组相比,处理1、处理2的饲料利用率均得到显著提高(P<0.01),且日增重也有提高的趋势(P>0.05);处理3的日增重显著低于对照和其余各处理(P<0.05),其饲料利用率没有得到显著改善(P>0.05);处理4的日增重比对照有提高的趋势(P>0.05),且饲养后期的饲料利用率得到显著提高(P<0.01)。各处理的钙、磷消化率与对照差异不显著(P>0.05)。各处理的胫骨灰分和钙含量与对照差异不显著(P>0.05);处理4的胫骨磷含量显著高于对照(P<0.05),其余各处理与对照差异不显著(P>0.05)。     

Nitrogen Release from Coated Urea Fertilizers in Different Soils

The nitrogen (N) release from coated urea fertilizers (Arborite and ESN), traditional N fertilizers [urea, (NH₂)₂CO], and urea ammonium nitrate (UAN) [(NH₂)₂CO, NH₄NO₃] in three North Carolina (USA) soils was measured throughout a 12-week laboratory incubation. Treatments were N source and moisture level (60% and 80% of field capacity). In both the Candor and Cecil soils, 40% of the Arborite N had released by day 2 after addition to the soil. Maximum Arborite N release was achieved by week 6 for both soils. The ESN N release began between weeks 1 and 2, and maximum release was attained by week 6 for the Candor and by week 8 for the Cecil soil. The ESN reached 70% release on Portsmouth by week 8 and Arborite had an immediate release. Field studies of these coated ureas would be needed to determine if they are economically viable over more traditional N fertilizers in North Carolina.     

明胶/PVA类肥料包膜材料的制备与环保性能研究

具有较好环保性能的包膜材料用于缓控释肥生产,可防止膜材料对土壤造成的潜在危害。本文以明胶、聚乙烯醇为原料复合共混制备膜材料,利用红外光谱(FTIR),扫描电镜(SEM)表征材料结构,并研究了膜材料拉伸强度和断裂伸张率力学性能,受控堆肥条件下的生物降解行为,明胶/PVA复合材料包膜尿素的养分缓释性及对小鼠的急性经口毒性。结果表明:当复合膜材料配比为m_(PVA):m_(Gel)=4:1时,组分相容性最好,并表现出良好力学性能、养分缓释性能和生物降解性能,复合材料包膜的肥料对小鼠无毒性作用,具有较好安全性。因此明胶/PVA复合膜材料具有较好的环保性能,其作为缓控释肥料的包膜材料具有较好应用前景。     

Selected nutritional,physical and sensory characteristics of pan and flat breads prepared from composite flours containing fababean

Composite flour blends containing wheat (W), fababean (F), cottonseed and sesame flours were formulated to provide the FAO/WHO/UNU protein requirements for the 2–5 year old child, and evaluated in pan and flat bread applications. Water absorption of composite flour doughs was up to 35% greater than the control but gluten strength and slurry viscosities were markedly reduced. Loaf volume and specific volume of pan breads prepared from composite flours were 25–60% less than that of the control bread but flat breads tolerated the protein supplements extremely well. The W/F flat bread, containing 27% of fababean flour, received acceptable taste, texture and colour scores and was only slightly inferior to the control in puffing and layer separation. Additions of cottonseed or sesame flours to the W/F blend failed to improve sensory properties of the flat breads.     

根据非同步卫星移动地面站和陆地移动电台频率共享的干涉概率分析

非静止轨道卫星移动通信服务（MSS）利用VHF带频率共享已有的陆地移动通信服务（LMS）和频率。它提示了在MMS和LMS之间共享VHF带频率时预测于涉影响的方法。标准电波传播模型定为flat earth model,NES则把Poisson分布定为在分布均匀的条件下同时传送的MES数。利用上述内容求出能超过干涉标准的概率,并提示了其结果。     

基于AUTOCAD R14平台的机械标准件库开发——用户主菜单设计

ＡＵＴＯＣＡＤ用户可以设计适合自己使用的屏幕菜单及库以弥补ＡＵＴＯＣＡＤＲ１４的不足工程设计时大量用到标准件,在标准件的绘制耗用了设计人员大量的精力和时间,增加了工作强度,效益低。方便、直观、快捷的菜单操作使这一问题得以解决。