日粮蛋氨酸对活拔羽毛后皖西白鹅体质和产羽性能的影响

研究了在皖西白鹅拔羽后精料补充料中添加不同水平的蛋氨酸对皖西白鹅体增重和羽绒产量的影响,结果表明:拔羽后在精料补充料中添加不同水平的蛋氨酸有利于鹅体质的恢复和新生羽毛、羽绒的生长,有助于提高活拔羽绒的产量。     

Lead concentrations in bones and feathers of the globally threatened Spanish imperial eagle

Raptors that consume game species may ingest lead fragments or shot embedded in their prey’s flesh. Threatened Spanish imperial eagles Aquila adalberti feed on greylag geese in southern Spain in winter, and often ingest lead shot. We analysed bone and feather samples from 65 Spanish imperial eagle museum specimens collected between 1980 and 1999, to investigate the prevalence of elevated lead concentrations. Four of 34 birds (12%) had very elevated bone lead concentrations. All four birds were young and the concentrations were outliers to the distribution, suggesting probable exposure to lead gunshot. Excluding these elevated lead outliers, bone lead concentrations were correlated with the bird’s age at death. Three of 41 feathers (7%) had elevated lead concentrations, indicative of high exposure during feather formation. When these outliers were omitted, feather lead concentration was correlated with the age of museum specimens, suggesting that a high proportion of feather lead was exogenous, deposited after specimen collection. Therefore, careful interpretation of feather lead concentrations is required to separate endogenous and exogenous lead. We discuss the potential significance of lead poisoning in Spanish imperial eagles and other raptors, and recommend measures for its reduction.     

Welfare of layers housed in small furnished cages on Danish commercial farms: the condition of keel bone,feet, plumage and skin

1. An on-farm assessment of keel bone, feet, plumage and skin damage was conducted in layers in small furnished cages to evaluate welfare implications.

2. Thirteen farms participated, all housing Lohmann LSL layers in systems allowing 8 or 10 hens per cage.

3. Each flock was visited at three different ages: 32, 62 and 77 weeks. During each visit, 100 hens were examined for keel bone fractures and deviations, plumage damage, body wounds, foot pad lesions, bumble feet, missing toes and toe wounds.

4. A deterioration with age of the condition of the plumage and keel bone was found (P < 0.001). At 77 weeks of age, 16% of the birds had poor plumage, and 43% of the birds had keel bone damage. In contrast, foot pad lesions were most prevalent at 32 weeks of age (13%), whereas the other foot injuries and body wounds remained at a relatively low level throughout the three ages examined.

5. Prevention of damage to the keel bone, plumage and foot pads should therefore be considered when aiming to improve welfare of laying hens housed in small furnished cages.     

海兰褐父母代母雏鸡羽毛脱换规律观察

[目的]观察蛋用雏鸡羽毛脱换过程,了解羽毛脱换规律,为雏鸡的饲养管理提供参考。[方法]通过观察海兰褐父母代10只母雏(快羽)各个部位绒毛的脱换,了解雏鸡羽毛脱换规律。从雏鸡出壳接入育雏室当天开始,将10只母雏放在1个笼内,每天下午15:00~16:00观察记录每只雏鸡的羽毛脱换情况。[结果]母雏鸡各部位绒毛开始脱换的顺序为:翼部→尾部→胸部两侧→大腿部→背腰部→颈部→腹部正下方→胸部正下方→小腿部→头部→腹部两侧,各部位绒毛结束脱换的顺序为:尾部→翼部→胸部两侧→大腿部→背腰部→腹部正下方→颈部→小腿部→头部→腹部两侧→胸部正下方。[结语]翼部和尾部是最早开始和结束羽毛脱换的部位,体躯部位脱换较晚,雏鸡55日龄完成第一次羽毛脱换过程。     

鸡啄癖症的原因及防治对策

介绍鸡啄癖症的种类、发生原因,提出及时断喙、控制光照时间和强度、降低饲养密度、提供营养完善平衡的日粮等防治措施,可有效避免啄癖蔓延造成的经济损失。     

羽叶薰衣草在武汉地区的栽培繁殖及应用研究

着重介绍羽叶薰衣草的生物学特性及其繁殖、栽培技术,同时,对羽叶薰衣草在武汉地区园林景观中的应用前景进行分析和阐述。     

影响鸡羽毛中锌含量因素的探讨

鸡羽毛中锌的含量,除了受饲粮中锌水平影响外,还与饲养用具(镀锌)、鸡的生理时期(周龄)、鸡体部位(样羽)、羽毛不同部分等因素有关。试验结果认为,影响鸡羽毛中锌含量的因素很多,应用羽毛锌含量作为鸡整体锌营养状况的诊断指标,必须慎重。只有严格控制各种影响因素,其结果才有可比性和实用性。     

笼养蛋鸡被毛损失对生产性能的影响及其成因和评分方法

寒冷季节的被毛损失是导致产蛋鸡实际采食量高出经典采食量预测值的主要原因。在较高环境温度下,被毛损失有利于生产性能的发挥,而在适温区下限以下时,则显著提高维持需要,降低饲料转化率。被毛状况受遗传、年龄、饲养方式等许多因素的影响。被毛覆盖状况的评分方法很多,作者认为目前比较合理的是躯体被毛覆盖重量指数法,即ＩＢＰＷ计分法。现有的评分法未充分考虑鸡体不同部位的不同散热效率和气候适应的影响。有必要将被毛附着性状作为育种指标之一。探讨如何利用被毛损失和克服其不利影响的措施。     

免疫鸡MDV感染后羽毛根HVT的分离及HVT免疫对MDV抗原检测的影响

５只ＨＶＴ免疫鸡,实验感染ＭＤＶ后的第１～１０周期间,分别采用初次细胞分离培养物上清中的自由病毒粒子鉴定,ｄｏｔ－ｂｌｏｔＤＮＡ杂交和常规ＡＧＰ试验等方法,对并发感染鸡羽毛根进行了病毒及病毒抗原的动态检测与比较。结果显示,在上述羽毛根中可同时存在ＨＶＴ粒子和ＭＤＶＤＮＡ。ＨＶＴ可分离时间为ＭＤＶ攻毒后１～７周;ＭＤＶＤＮＡ最早检出时间为ＭＤＶ攻毒后的第１８～２２天,并达到其持续性（２２～７０ｄ）的检出率最高峰（１００％）;而ＡＧＰ法对此期间鸡只羽毛根ＭＤＶ抗原的最早检出时间在第２２天,且检出率很低。因此,羽毛病毒抗原ＡＧＰ检测法,对免疫鸡只或鸡群ＭＤＶ感染的诊断仍然是特异的,但较单纯感染的检测,其检出率更低,因而更难以反映出免疫鸡群中ＭＤＶ感染的真实状况。     

应用虫克丁防治北极狐食毛症的研究

本文对虫克丁防治北极狐食毛症和自咬症的效果进行了研究 ,结果表明 ,虫克丁可以防治狐食毛症而不能防治自咬症。