南黄杂种牛与本地黄牛生长发育对比研究

针对甘南本地黄牛体格小、生产性能低的现状,用南德温牛细管冻精授配甘南本地黄牛,结果表明,南杂F1代个体具有早熟、生长快、耐粗饲、饲料转化率高、抗病力强、难产率低等一系列优良特性,很适合当地黄牛养殖区大面积推广。     

牛肝片吸虫及其对胆管损伤的组织化学和扫描电镜观察

牛肝片吸虫的成虫体表有环行排列的、呈“牛舌状”的棘,其顶部有?数个齿;迷走幼虫体表无体棘,仅有环状排列的、粗细不一的皱纹,其头锥较长,约为虫体的1/2,口腹吸盘是圆形,上有细皱纹和数个乳突。受损职管的大部分功能消失殆尽。而增生小胆管则功能旺盛。浸润的嗜酸粒细胞、淋巴细胞功能较活跃。浸润的细胞中未见巨噬细胞。探讨了虫体与胆管损伤的关系。     

Laboratory diagnosis of respiratory diseases of cattle

The authors describe the procedure of laboratory diagnosis for bovine respiratory diseases: direct diagnosis by isolation and for identification of bacteria or viruses and indirect diagnosis by serological methods. They specify the restraints and limits of this diagnosis and the significance results which are obtained and connected with knowledge of anamnestic information.     

河西半荒漠地区土草畜的微量元素营养特征

本研究通过对饲料地土壤、饲草（料）和饮水中微量元素的分析，了武威冷冻精液站牛群的微量元素营养状况。结果表明，土壤全Cu与全Zn低于甘肃省和全国的平均值，全Fe明显低于甘肃和世界平均值；所测饲草（料）的含Mn量显著低于国内、美加、日本和苏联值，Fe、Cu和Zn含量有偏低的趋势，但Se与Co的含量较高；饮水中Cu、Fe含量明显高于某些国内外报道值，Mn含量较低。根据饲草（料）分析结果对公、母牛日粮配方估算表明，Mn严重低于需要，Cu、Zn略缺，Se勉强够，Fe则足够。这与作者对该牛群被牛群被毛、血液和乳的抽样分析结论一致。     

用复合蛋白素替代豆饼饲喂黄牛的效果研究

用复合蛋白素替代精料中 1 0 0 %的豆饼 (试验Ⅰ组 )和 50 %的豆饼 (试验Ⅱ组 )饲喂黄牛。结果表明 :精料成本分别降低了 1 3 .45 %和 6 .76 % ;试验I组平均日增重比对照组提高了 62g(P <0 .0 5) ,试验Ⅱ组平均日增重未得到显著提高 (P >0 .0 5) ;试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组经济效益 (日均粗收益 )分别比对照组提高 76 .1 9%和 40 .2 9%。     

黄牛若干毛色特征遗传方式的RB频率鉴别

本文针对我国良种黄牛品种资源抢救事业的实际需要，根据群体繁殖结构的特点，以统计遗传学方法，推导、论证了扩展的Rife-Buranamanas母子组合频率公式；根据经典的和扩展的Rife-Buranamanas模型，鉴别了中国黄牛三组毛色特征的显隐性关系。     

Climatic factors associated with the infection of herds of cattle with bluetongue viruses

The incidence of bluetongue virus infection of 15 cattle herds in Queensland, Australia, was determined by a serum neutralization test. The maximum temperature (°C), minimum temperature (°C) and rainfall (mm) data were obtained from the meteorological recording stations closest to each herd. Using unweighted least-squares regression analysis, the best statistical model explaining the most variability in the herd incidence rate included the ratio between the maximum and minimum temperature recorded at both 1 month and 6 months preceding seroconversion, and rainfall recorded at both 2 months and 6 months preceding seroconversion. More than 90% of the variability in the incidence of bluetongue virus infection in the herds was explained by the model, a considerable improvement on previous models that used prevalence data. The prospective nature of the study also supports a strong causal relationship between climatic factors and the occurrence of infection in cattle herds.Abbreviations SN serum neutralization - R _infa ^sup2 adjusted coefficient of multiple determination - AIC Akaike's information criterion - FPE Akaike's final prediction error - PRESS predicted sum of squares     

Ketosis in Norwegian dairy herds--some epidemiological associations

Ketosis data from the Health Card System, and interview data regarding feeding, housing, management and care were the basis for an epidemiological study in 306 Norwegian dairy herds.Management and care were studied by means of an overall care index. The index was based on 20 questions which provided information about the general standard of management and care. Care was the factor having the most pronounced effect on the treatment rate of ketosis. Highest rates were seen in herds with a high standard of management and care, and lowest rates were seen in herds with a low standard.Most ketosis was found in the mountain valley districts Nord-Østerdal/Gudbrandsdal and Valdres, and least in the lowland coastal district Rogaland. The treatment rate decreased with increasing herd size, and with increasing number of different feedstuffs used. Extra provision of feed concentrates between the morning and evening chores was associated with a lower treatment rate. Also associated with a lower treatment rate was the participation by the farmer’s wife in the daily chores.     

The effect of peri-parturient anthelmintic treatment on the productivity of dairy cattle in subtropical western India

Trials with fenbendazole (Panacur, Hoechst India Ltd) were carried out on two commercial farms in subtropical western India to study the response and economics of nematode treatment in adult dairy cows. Milk yield, lactation length, time to first oestrus and worm egg output were monitored in treated and control groups. Treatment reduced the egg count considerably. Treated cows produced 142 litres more milk over 100 days (p<0.05), with extension of lactation length and advancement of time to first oestrus. The economic gain in terms of milk yield far outweighed the cost of anthelmintic used.