A journey in and out of American agriculture. Reflections on Debt and Dispossession by Kathryn Marie Dudley (University of Chicago Press, 2000)

I was optimistic of a new beginning in an open society when I came to America in 1999. Since then, I have indeed benefited from many aspects of American life. I have learned a lot – especially through my experience with small farms and farmers. But now, it's time to move on. And it was reading Debt and Dispossession, a book about American agriculture and human values, that crystallized in me why I wanted to leave. By telling the story of the 1980s farm crisis through the words of the residents of a Minnesota town, the book prizes open many of the contradictions of American society. The 1970s were boom times for mid-western farms; farmers took advantage of easy farm credit to finance expansion. By the 1980s, the boom burst and slump loomed. Lenders wanted their money back and thousands of farmers were dispossessed. Debt and Dispossession probes beneath the surface of a community apparently united in protest against the dispossessions. Underneath, it finds a tangled picture of a society at war with itself, pitting farmer against farmer in a fratricidal struggle. The book let me glimpse the paradox of American individualism, all-American contradictions centering on government and consumerism, frugality and morality. Just like my experience of American agriculture and farmers as a whole, Debt and Dispossession helped me see the best side of America, but also revealed the fragility of life in a one-on-one society.     

滑柱摆臂式悬架车辆之转向梯形断开点的确定

根据机构学原理,将目前农用运输车采用的滑柱摆臂式悬架等效成铰接四杆机构;通过实例计算和断开点主要影响因素分析,提出了正确选择转向梯形断开点位置的新方法。     

JSP与XML及其在农产品交易平台中的应用

对当前动态网站开发的3种工具ASP、PHPJ、SP进行了分析和比较,在此基础上确定了基于JSP的系统开发工具,并对系统中所要用到的关键技术做了阐述,最后分析、设计、完成系统。     

农用货车在木材生产中应用的评价

从经济改革，南方林区道路状况，结合农用货车性能特点。通过与EQ1090、CA1090等车型各方面比较，对农用货车在木材生产中应用作出了评价。     

林改后农民增收问题的思考

对林改后农民增收提出了一些实施途径。     

青海农区鸡蛔虫感染季节动态调查

逐月对鸡粪便虫卵调查结果,农户鸡只蛔虫卵感染率和感染强度在一年间有两次波动,高峰期分别在3—5月和7—9月。鸡场鸡只蛔虫感染动态近似正态曲线分布,峰顶在4—7月。感染率与感染强度均与当地月平均温、月降水量呈正相关。     

Typology in Mediterranean transitional waters: new challenges and perspectives

• 1. Transitional waters are ecotones between terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems, being characterized by high spatial heterogeneity and temporal variability.
• 2. The EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) posed to the scientific community the challenge to classify these ecosystems into a small number of types, while retaining a functional classification of ecosystem types.
• 3. A niche theory approach is proposed to identify the limiting forcing factors organizing biological quality elements, i.e. the limiting niche dimensions.
• 4. The analysis of a macro‐invertebrate dataset from published papers on 36 Italian lagoons suggested a two‐level typological classification of Mediterranean lagoons.
• 5. Basic ecological theories, such as niche and island biogeography theories, have fundamental implications for the process of developing a typological classification for all aquatic ecosystems, as required by the WFD.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

叠叠沟林场生态旅游开发的思考

宁夏固原市原州区叠叠沟林场是离固原城区最近的林场之一,自然景色优美,气候宜人,为固原市区及周边城镇居民生态旅游提供了得天独厚的自然条件。文章分析了叠叠沟林场开发生态旅游的优势以及存在的问题,提出了开发叠叠沟生态旅游的具体思路。     

Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci on a farm: staff can harbour MRS when animals do not

The aim of this work was to establish the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococci (MRS) in the animals and staff of a teaching and research farm. Samples of dairy cattle (36), beef cattle (26), sheep (19), horses (21), pigs (23), goats (23) and humans (13) were collected and screened for the presence of MRS. The detection of mecA gene was performed by PCR to determine the resistance of the samples to methicillin. Antimicrobial-resistance testing to penicillin, meropenem, ceftriaxone, cephalothin, oxacillin, levofloxacin, enrofloxacin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, clindamycin, erytromycin, linezolid, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline, doxycycline and vancomycin was performed on the mecA+ isolates. From the 161 samples, four methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCoNS) were isolated from human beings (31%), whereas none was isolated from animals (0%). No methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) were isolated. All of the MRCoNS isolates from this work presented different antimicrobial resistance patterns. MRCoNS may be present in humans associated with animals while not present in the animals. Selective pressure outside of the farm and a lack of MRCoNS transmission between humans and animals may be responsible for this lack of correlation.     

高山草原放牧率与群落物种丰富度

选择甘肃省肃南裕固族自治县甘肃马鹿(Cervus elaphus kansuensis)养殖场冬季牧场不同牧压梯度的6个样地,采用巢式样方法调查草地植物群落的物种数,研究了甘肃马鹿山地草原放牧系统放牧率与草地群落物种丰富度的关系。结果表明,放牧强度梯度上,冬季牧场物种数随取样面积的增大而逐渐增加,放牧减轻导致物种增幅上升,放牧对物种丰富度的贡献率提高。高山草原的最小取样面积为0.71～1.54 m2,各放牧率样地物种数的变化分别在0.16～0.32和0.32～0.64 m2范围内最剧烈。物种数随放牧增强呈下降趋势,在放牧率2.45 AUM·hm-2出现拐点,拐点两侧放牧对物种多样性具有不同的作用规律,2.45 AUM·hm-2为高山草原适宜的放牧率。在牧场尺度上,当面积超过2.56 m2,改善放牧管理对物种丰富度的增加没有作用。