西瓜F_1代杂交种及其亲本种子幼苗体酶的遗传分析

侧重分析了安徽省杂交西瓜在制种和生产上面积较大６个组合如新澄、新红宝、郑杂五号、金钟冠龙、皖杂一号和聚宝一号及其亲本种子幼苗体内的酯酶和过氧化物同工酶的组成情况和遗传特性。结果表明：１）６个组合中,除金钟冠龙外,其他５个组合的父本间和母本间酯酶酶谱表现相似;但每个组合父、母本间均存在差异。２）６个组合的Ｆ１代杂交种酯酶酶谱表现为母本不完全显性。３）除郑杂五号外,其他５个组合的Ｆ１代杂交种过氧化物酶谱和其父、母本间表现相似。另讨论了用酯酶同工酶筛选亲本组配杂交种和预测杂种优势的可行性。     

黄颡鱼雌、雄个体血清蛋白、酯酶同工酶及血红蛋白的电泳分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺梯度凝胶垂直板(PAGE)电泳,对黄颡鱼雌、雄个体血清蛋白、酯酶同工酶(EST同工酶)及血红蛋白(Hb)进行了分析。结果表明：黄颡鱼雌、雄个体的血清蛋白存在明显差异,表现在B1区雄性个体比雌性个体多1条MI带,B2区雌性个体比雄性个体多1条MA带,少2条MⅡ带,B3区雄性个体比雌性个体多1条MA带。另外在B2区雌、雄个体间MA带和MI带排列次序也有差异。血清EST雌、雄个体也有明显的差异,雄性黄颡鱼血清EST的酶谱出现了3条酶带无中强带,而雌性黄颡鱼EST的酶谱出现了7条酶带,有4条中强带。雌、雄个体胁只能分离出1条谱带,并且雌、雄之间基本没有差异。     

18个茶树菇菌株的亲缘关系分析及农艺性状评价

为获得不同来源茶树菇的亲缘关系并筛选适合工厂化生产综合农艺性状较优菌株,以18株(4株野生菌株、7株栽培菌株、5株经钴60辐照诱变菌株和2株搭载神州十号的航天飞船诱变菌株)茶树菇菌株为试验材料,采用分子标记ISSR、拮抗和同工酶技术进行菌株分型和亲缘关系分析;通过分析菌盖厚度和直径、菌柄长度和直径、生育期、产量,对18...     

黄颡鱼几种组织的组织蛋白与酯酶同工酶电泳分析

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(PAGE)的方法,对黄颡鱼雌、雄性别的肝、肾、脾、心、肌、腮、生殖腺等组织进行了组织蛋白和酯酶同工酶(EST)的电泳研究。结果表明,黄颡鱼雌、雄性别几种组织的组织蛋白、EST同工酶存在明显差异。以它作为遗传标志,能够将不同性别的黄颡鱼区别开来。     

铝胁迫对大豆同工酶的影响

采用垂直平板聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,研究了3个大豆品种在不同浓度铝毒害下,不同时期过氧化物酶同工酶(POD)和酯酶同工酶(EST)的变化情况。结果表明,在铝胁迫下,不同大豆品种,同工酶酶带有一定的差异。随着铝浓度的增加,各品种的酶活性和酶带数量变化不一,但总趋势为下降,这与各品种对铝的抗性密切相关。     

5种家蚕不同龄期酯酶同工酶的比较研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶垂直板电泳法分析家蚕不同发育阶段的酯酶同工酶谱。结果发现:5种家蚕的同工酶谱差异明显,并具有各自的特征谱带;苏.镇×春.光与陕蚕5号亲缘关系较近,可聚为一个类群;871×872与873×874亲缘关系最近,可以聚成一个类群。     

斜纹夜蛾溴氰菊酯抗性和敏感品系酯酶的生化特性研究

测定了斜纹夜蛾酯酶的动力学参数,酯酶同工酶电泳和杀虫剂(溴氰菊酯和丙溴磷)对酯酶的抑制效应。结果表明,抗性品系与敏感品系酯酶的Km值之间均没有显著差异,但抗性品系酯酶的Vmax值比敏感品系的高且差异显著。在酯酶的非变性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳图谱中,抗性品系中所含的酯酶同工酶条带数比敏感品系的多;溴氰菊酯浓度在12.5μmol/L时,对敏感品系酯酶的抑制率最大,约为30%,而对抗性品系酯酶的抑制率则随着溴氰菊酯浓度的升高而升高,溴氰菊酯浓度在50μmol/L时抑制率最大,约为75%;但是丙溴磷对抗、感品系的酯酶的抑制效应较为一致。上述结果说明在抗性品系中出现了与敏感品系不同的酯酶同工酶,但这些同工酶并没有显著改变抗性品系全酯酶的Km值,仅是增强了其酯酶活性,提高了对溴氰菊酯的代谢能力。     

民勤旱生灌木河西沙拐枣的酯酶同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺垂直平板不连续凝胶电泳技术,对甘肃省民勤县沙生植物园的16个河西沙拐枣单株进行了酯酶(EST)同工酶分析.结果表明:16个单株遗传多样性丰富,并且有1条共同的谱带,可作为河西沙拐枣的特征谱带;此外,民勤沙生植物园种植的河西沙拐枣引自3个不同的地域.     

家蚕不同品种蛹期血淋巴酯酶同工酶分析

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳法,检测了85个家蚕品种的蛹期血淋巴酯酶同工酶酶谱,并对部分品种进行了聚类分析。结果表明,不同家蚕品种蛹期血淋巴酯酶同工酶酶带类型丰富,最多显现13条酶带,可区分为A、B、C三个染色区。利用酯酶同工酶酶谱对部分家蚕品种进行聚类分析,结果分别依中国系统、13本系统、欧洲系统各聚为一类。     

Influence of environmental pH modulation on efficiency of apoplastic PR proteins during Fusarium culmorum– wheat seedling interaction

Variation of apoplastic pH by Fusarium culmorum and its influence on the production, activity and isoenzymes patterns of the pathogenesis‐related (PR) proteins β1,3‐glucanase, chitinase and peroxidase enzymes were detected in apoplastic fluids (AFs) from infected wheat seedlings. The time course in the 24–48 h interval post infection was characterized by an increase in activity and isoenzymatic differential induction of the selected PR proteins and by a concomitant rise of apoplastic pH. Chitinase attained maximum activity at pH 8·0 in the case of inoculated seedlings. Optimal β1,3‐glucanase activity in the pH range 6·0–8·0, was observed at pH 7·0. Peroxidase was strongly affected by pH, with enzyme activity having a maximum rate at pH 6·0 and thereafter rapidly declining at higher pH. Maximum peroxidase activity paralleled the appearance of the complete isoenzymatic pattern. In order to investigate the biological role of PR proteins in AFs, the in vitro antifungal activity was evaluated. In the interval 0–6 h, pH of macroconidia suspensions rose up to 7·2. AFs revealed inhibitory activity against germinating macroconidia of F. culmorum by decreasing the germination efficiency of macroconidia apical compartments, while this effect was compensated by an increased germination capacity of middle compartments. Present results suggest that during infection of wheat seedlings by F. culmorum the pH modulation favours host colonization by enhancing the activity of pectin lyase, and simultaneously inhibits the capacity of the host to oppose the pathogen by interfering with peroxidases which represent an important component of the defence arsenal.