河北省兔业发展模式研究

分析了河北省兔业发展的两种运作模式,对全国免业发展中出现的5种主要模式进行评析,探讨了河北省兔业发展模式的选择。     

兔肉发酵香肠营养分析

以木糖葡萄球菌（Staphylococcus xylosus）C18、植物乳杆菌（Lactobacillus plantarum）L26、德巴利汉逊氏酵母（Debaryomyces hansenula）Y36为发酵剂制作兔肉发酵香肠,以获得营养价值得到显著改善的兔肉发酵香肠制品。[方法]以3种菌单独接种及混合接种兔肉香肠与对照组作比较,选取其所含游离氨基酸、游离脂肪酸进行分析研究。[结果]C18组必需氨基酸总量最高（C18组赖氨酸含量低于L26和Y36组）;C18和Y36对脂类的分解能力高于L26,对蛋白质的水解作用则低于L26。[结论]3种菌复合发酵的香肠多不饱和脂肪酸含量增加;接菌发酵的兔肉香肠营养价值显著高于未接菌组。L26组甘氨酸、C18组丝氨酸的百分含量高,改善甜味;L26组的苦味氨基酸缬氨酸含量最低,蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸含量混合发酵组最低。     

家兔Myh7基因生物信息学分析及表达规律研究

[目的]对家兔Myh7基因进行生物信息学分析及表达规律研究。[方法]利用RT-PCR技术检测了Myh7在肌肉发育过程中的表达规律,并结合生物信息学方法对家兔Myh7的序列进行深入分析。[结果]Myh7蛋白为不稳定亲水性蛋白,有Myosin_N和MYSc_class_II这2个结构区域,其中MYSc_class_II是肌球蛋白重链家族特有结构域。MEGA软件分析家兔Myh7分子进化,发现其与人、猩猩等物种间同源性较高,与其亲缘关系的远近一致。定量分析显示:在整个肌肉发育过程中,Mhy7表达量在腿肌中基本维持在较低水平,在背肌中的表达量相对波动较大,而在11周龄时出现表达量上升的趋势。[结论]该研究为进一步研究Myh7基因在肌肉生长过程中的功能奠定了分子基础,为研究家兔的肌肉发育分子机制提供了一定的参考依据。     

Effect of different dietary ratios of sunflower and linseed oils on growth and carcass traits of rabbits

As part of an experiment aiming to modify the meat fatty acid profile, this work studied the growth and carcass traits as affected by various dietary ratios of sunflower oil and linseed oil. A diet without added oil served as a control (C). Four other diets were equally 4% oil-enriched but they differed in the incorporation ratios of sunflower oil (S) to linseed oil (L), i.e. 4% S to 0% L (diet 4%S), 3% S to 1% L (diet 3:1%SL), 2% S to 2% L (diet 2:2%SL) and 0% S to 4% L (diet 4%L). The oil-rich diets had slightly higher digestible energy contents (11.4 vs 10.6 MJ/kg) than the C feed. In each group 10 litters of 7 to 9 Pannon White kits per litter were studied in the pre-weaning period from 21 to 35 days old. Growth and slaughter traits were assessed with 50 and 30 rabbits per group, respectively. No significant effects of diets were found on litter and doe performances. The only significant differences in growth performance of the C, 4%S, 3:1%SL, 2:2%SL and 4%L rabbits were for the 35–49 day feed intake (88, 86, 84, 84 and 83 g per day, respectively, P = 0.046), the 35–84 day growth rate (36, 38, 37, 35 and 37 g/day, P = 0.034) and the 84-day body weight (2608, 2703, 2664, 2565 and 2628 g, respectively, P = 0.022). There were several significant differences in carcass traits including the weight of reference carcass (1357, 1391, 1388, 1380 and 1369 g, respectively, P = 0.004) and left longisimus dorsi meat (78, 79, 81, 81 and 76 g, respectively, P = 0.046) of rabbits. The diets had major effects on the L*, a* and b* colour values (lightness, redness and yellowness) of meat and fat. Carcass colour of the C and 4%S rabbits was closer and the 4%L rabbits was further from the European consumer's preference of light coloured, less red and slightly yellow rabbit meat. Our result reveals the importance of age and body weight at slaughter. Taking the growth and slaughter performances and, the recent belief of human health benefits from lower n− 6/n− 3 FAs dietary ratios into account, the 2:2%SL diet seems most appropriate if the interests of the raisers, meat processors and buyers are considered equally.     

绿原酸在家兔体内的药动学研究

建立了血浆中绿原酸的HPLC分析方法,比较了金银花三种注射液中绿原酸在家兔体内的药动学差异,旨在为研究金银花连翘药提供实验数据。将18只健康无伤的家兔随机分成三组,按0.5 mL/kg单次肌肉注射给药,HPLC同时测定不同时间点血浆中绿原酸浓度。用MCPKP程序计算动力学参数。健康家兔肌注金银花单提注射液(A),金银花、连翘混合提取注射液(B),金银花、连翘单提合并注射液(C)后,绿原酸在家兔体内的药动学过程均符合一级吸收二室模型。B、C注射液中绿原酸的Tmax、Tα/2、T1/2ka与A相比呈差异显著性,而Tβ/2差异不显著,表明金银花配伍连翘后能促进绿原酸在体内吸收分布,迅速达到血峰浓度,对消除半衰期的影响不大。B与C中绿原酸的药动学参数差异不显著,表明连翘与金银花配伍时,不管是混提还是单提后合并,对绿原酸在家兔体内的药动学特征无明显影响。     

家兔豆状囊尾蚴病用药效果观察

在家兔的寄生虫病中,除球虫病和疥癣外,豆状囊尾蚴(豆状带绦虫的幼虫)所引起的疾病是较普遍和较严重的一种。由于临床用药不规范,治疗效果欠佳,严重影响了养兔专业户的经济效益和养兔业的发展,因此,本文将近几年的病例资料加以整理,得出治疗豆状囊尾蚴病的首选药是甲苯咪唑。     

兔球虫病的危害及防治进展

本文对兔球虫病的病原种类、流行特征、症状、诊断、疫苗免疫及防治等进行了综述,旨在为有效防控兔球虫病提供参考。     

Epizootic heamorragic disease

Epizootic haemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an infectious non-contagious viral disease transmitted by insects of the genus Culicoides which affects wild and domestic ruminants. The causative agent, the epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV), belongs to the family Reoviridae, genus Orbivirus and shares many morphological and structural characteristics with the other members of the genus such as bluetongue, African horse sickness and equine encephalosis viruses. In recent years EHD outbreaks have been reported in countries bordering the European Union. They caused disease in cattle and severe repercussion on the livestock industry of the affected countries. In the light of recent European bluetongue epizootic these events pose an increasing threat to the European Union. This review includes the most recent information regarding the virus and the disease as well as tools for its diagnosis and control. It is our conviction that more attention should be drawn to both EHDV and the disease itself in order to fulfil all these gaps and not to be unprepared in case future possible incursions.