人工养殖下金钱龟常见疾病及防治模式

在金钱龟的人工养殖过程中,观察到部分个体发生了腐皮、肺炎、腹泻等疾病。通过对细菌的实验室诊断和生化特性鉴定,发现引起金钱龟腐皮和腹泻的病原体为嗜水气单胞菌,而肺炎则是由温度突变引起的感冒造成。因此,进一步研究了人工养殖条件下金钱龟的常见疾病与一些环境因子的关系。研究表明,温度差异对金钱龟的生理机能有显著的影响,而水质条件和养殖密度的调控也关系到金钱龟的健康生长,这也为金钱龟防治疾病及健康养殖模式提供一些参考依据。     

坡度对香根草护坡植物群落早期特征的影响

对不同坡度的相邻两边坡上香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)护坡植物群落早期阶段连续2年的调查与分析,结果显示:(1)菊科(Compositae)、禾本科(Gramineae)、豆科(Lentil)3类物种最早在群落中定居,3类物种数占物种总数比例为56.00%～84.62%。(2)香根草种植两年后两坡面上植物群落开始出现分化。其中,1#坡面(坡度小)有利于香根草种群的发展,但也有利于乡土植物种在其中定居,植物群落保水效果也较好。(3)秋季植物群落特征规律明显,表现为:1#坡面(坡度小)植物群落丰富度指数R、多样性指数H′、均匀度指数J′随时间上升,植物群落优势度指数C′则呈现随时间下降;而2#坡面(坡度大)表现规律则相反。(4)植物群落丰富度指数R与群落中香根草物种优势度呈显著线性负相关;多样性指数H′和均匀度指数J′与群落中香根草物种优势度呈极显著线性负相关;优势度指数C′均与群落中香根草物种优势度呈极显著线性负相关。     

高等级公路生物护坡工程模式设计

根据高等级公路边坡的土体特性 ,将边坡分成硬质材料覆盖坡面、松软基质坡面、紧实基质坡面三种类型 ,按照不同类型边坡的土壤组成结构、坡角大小及物种选择的理论依据和生物护坡工程实践 ,提出了各类型的边坡应采取的绿化施工手段及物种选择与组合搭配的一般规律     

猪瘟病毒持续感染对母猪繁殖性能及仔猪猪瘟疫苗免疫效力的影响

利用来源于同一猪场的2头猪瘟病毒(HCV)持续感染的带毒母猪及所产35头仔猪(包括13头死胎)和6头阴性对照猪,观察母猪的胎儿发育成活状况、仔猪HCV带毒率及HCV垂直传播对仔猪猪瘟兔化弱毒疫苗(HCLV)免疫效力的干扰作用,同时进行水平传播试验和观察HCV持续感染对母猪繁殖功能的影响。结果表明：HCV持续感染对其中1头母猪的胎儿发育和成活有明显影响,而对另1头母猪的胎儿发育没有明显影响;HCV持续感染母猪可经过胎盘垂直传播病毒给仔猪,传播率达45％～86％;吃初乳和接种HCLV不能阻止带毒仔猪的死亡,9头带毒仔猪在45d内死亡4头;免疫HCLV不能使带毒仔猪产生免疫保护力。5头猪在强毒攻击后死亡4头;HCV垂直传播的带毒猪可发生水平传播,并引起3／4感染猪死亡;HCV持续感染可引起母猪生殖系统病理变化。导致繁殖障碍。     

Modeling of urban trees’ effects on reducing human exposure to UV radiation in Seoul,Korea

A mathematical model is constructed for quantifying urban trees’ effects on mitigating the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the ground within different land use types across a city. The model is based upon local field data, meteorological data and equations designed to predict the reduced UV fraction due to trees at the ground level. Trees in Seoul, Korea (2010), produced average UV protection factors (UPF) for pedestrians in tree shade at solar noon (May to August) of 8.3 for park and cemetery land uses and 3.0 for commercial and transportation land uses. The highest daily UPF was 11.8 in the park and cemetery land uses, which has the highest percent canopy cover. This UV model is being implemented within the i-Tree modeling system to allow cities across the world to estimate tree effects on UV exposure. Understanding the impacts of urban trees on UV exposure can be used in developing landscape design strategies to help protect urban populations from UV exposure and consequent health impacts.     

Plant protection means used in organic farming throughout the European Union

Following the obligatory implementation of integrated pest management in the European Union (EU), the plant protection means suitable for application in organic agriculture attracted the attention of quite a wide group of potential users. In spite of the common rules of organic production, as well as the uniform principles of placing plant protection products on the market, the availability of products that can be legally used in organic crop protection differs significantly among the Member States. There is a uniform list of 10 basic substances that can be used in the protection of organic crops throughout the entire EU. Twelve Member States have official registers of plant protection products for use in organic agriculture, and the total number of qualified products per country varies from 11 in Lithuania to 576 in Italy. Some products that improve plant vigour or resistance and may be of use in protection of organic crops are placed on the market as biostimulants. They fall under the law that governs fertilisers and the systems of their registration vary widely among the Member States. In addition, there exist a number of products that have been legally introduced onto the markets of some Member States without registration as a consequence of a loophole in the law. The use of unregistered products in organic agriculture raises some doubts, but currently it seems that there is no legal basis on which to explicitly prohibit the practice. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry     

Characteristics for Practical Use of Attenuated Isolate UA-Fukushima of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Tomato mosaic virus</Emphasis>

L₁₁A-Fukushima (L₁₁A-F) derived from attenuated isolate LuA of Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) has the highest ability to cross protect against virulent ToMV among LuA and its derivatives and is stably inherited. Growth, yield, fruit quality and symptom attenuation of inoculated tomato plants did not differ significantly between L₁₁A-F and L₁₁A. The infectivity of progeny viruses in tomato infected with LuA-F was less than 4% of that with virulent ToMV. From these results, L₁₁A-F appears to possess the properties necessary for practical use. To manage L₁₁A-F strictly, a PCR-based assay to detect trace contamination of virulent ToMV in L₁₁A-F preparations was established. Received 10 June 2002/ Accepted in revised form 30 October 2002     

超级稻病虫发生特点及其药剂防治技术

超级稻从孕穗末至齐穗期如遇上连续阴雨天,稻曲病大发生,纹枯病发生较普遍;二化螟、稻飞虱发生量大,危害较重。在超级稻大田生长期,抓住施药适期,选用高效、内吸、广谱、环保型农药,进行3～4次防治,可有效防控病虫危害,达到节本增效、减少农药污染的目的。     

丙氨酰谷氨酰胺二肽对早期断奶仔猪抗氧化能力及肠道保护的研究

本试验旨在研究丙氨酰谷氨酰胺二肽(Ala-Gln)对早期断奶仔猪抗氧化能力和肠道保护的影响。采用完全随机化设计,选用体质量、胎次、泌乳量、产仔数相近、健康的云南撒坝母猪所产的48头仔猪(1/2♂,1/2♀),35日龄断奶,随机分成4个处理,每个处理3个重复,每个重复4头。A组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,B、C和D组分别饲喂添加0.15%、0.30%和0.45%Ala-Gln的试验日粮。试验期为35~60日龄。结果表明,添加0.15%、0.30%和0.45%Ala-Gln可提高断奶仔猪生长性能,随饲粮Ala-Gln添加水平提高,日采食量、体质量呈二次曲线上升(P<0.05),料重比呈二次曲线降低(P<0.05)。第49日龄的仔猪血清T-AOC和T-SOD含量以二次曲线方式升高(P<0.05),血清MDA活性呈二次曲线降低(P<0.01)。小肠形态学观察结果显示,仔猪十二指肠和回肠绒毛长度以二次曲线方式升高(P<0.01),空肠绒毛长度以二次曲线方式升高(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠隐窝深度以二次曲线方式降低(P<0.05),十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛长度和隐窝深度比值(V/C)以二次曲线方式提高(P<0.01)。结...     

贵州省生态旅游资源优势及保护

通过对贵州发展生态旅游的丰富资源优势,发展旅游经济对生态资源的利用原则、保护内容的论述,提出了对生态旅游资源持续利用和保护景区人工建筑的观点。