家蚕新品种粤枫三号(五·选×28·32)的育成

通过系统分离选育,对现行生产主要家蚕品种和引进育种素材进行改良提高,并经杂交组配筛选,育成了家蚕四元一代杂交种粤枫三号(五.选×28.32)。实验室鉴定及农村饲养和种场繁育的结果表明,该品种综合经济性状优良:抗逆性和耐氟污染能力强,孵化、眠起、老熟齐一;茧形大,茧层厚,产茧量较对照两广二号提高9.47%,茧丝质优良,一粒茧丝长1028 m,解舒丝长761 m,洁净92.25分;原蚕容易饲养,蚕种繁殖系数高。该品种已通过广东省农作物品种审定,适合在珠江流域等华南蚕区全年推广饲养。     

Differential expression of genes in the rat heart during centrifuge training

AIM: Centrifuge training can improve forward acceleration (+Gz) endurance. This study was to analyzed the gene expression of rat heart affected by centrifuge, and to research the molecular mechanism of improving+Gz endurance by centrifuge training. METHODS: Differential expressed genes between high+Gz endurance (+16Gz) rats, of test group after trained12 d and control were screened using suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) and dot blot hybridization. The obtained expressed sequence tags (ESTs)were used as probes to perform RNA slot hybridization with heart total RNA isolated from each gruop of centrifuge training and high+Gz endurance and low+Gz endurance (+12Gz) rats, respectively. The positive ESTs were sequenced and analyzed using BLAST(nr) at NCBI.RESULTS: Three down-regulated ESTs were obtained from heart samples, all of them are new, and their expression levels were decreasing during centrifuge training. CONCLUSION: Centrifuge training can significantly affect the special gene expressions of rat heart, and the expression changes of these genes may be ralated to the mechainism that+Gz endurance can be improved by centrifuge training.     

Physical Parameters and Risk Factors Associated with the Elimination of Arabian and Crossed Arabian Endurance Horses during a 120-km Endurance Race

Endurance racing is one long-distance event among the equine sporting activities associated with severe injuries and metabolic derangements that impede the health status of horses participating in the event. Therefore, this study evaluated the physical parameters and risk factors associated with the elimination of Arabian and crossed Arabian endurance horses during a 120-km race. Fifty-three Arabian and crossed Arabian endurance horses aged 6 to 15 years old participated in an endurance race of 120 km. All the horses were examined and found fit according to Fédération Équestre Internationale (FEI) regulations. After the endurance race 14 Arabian endurance horses completed the race successfully while 31 Arabian and crossed Arabian were eliminated. Their speed and heart rates were significantly higher (P < .0001). There were significant differences in skin recoil (P < .0395), color of mucous membrane (P < .0189), intestinal motility (P < .0124), and capillary refill time (P < .0082). There also were significant differences in age (P < .0018), breed (P < .0119), and equine establishments (P < .0205) among the eliminated horses and the Arabian and crossed Arabian endurance horses that successfully completed the race. In conclusion, the physical parameters and risk factors were significantly associated with the elimination of Arabian and crossed Arabian endurance horses. Therefore, close monitoring of the physical parameters and risk factors are essential in order to improve the performance of Arabian and crossed Arabian horses, and further studies are required on other associated parameters.     

遮荫处理对蓝百合生长状况的影响

研究了不同遮荫处理对蓝百合生长状况的影响,绘制曲线图并应用Spss软件进行分析比较。结果表明,随着遮荫强度的增大,蓝百合的叶数、株高和叶宽等指数都有增高的趋势,而在60%光照条件下,蓝百合各项指数表现突出,生长最佳。     

Possible Relationship Between Performance and Oxidative Stress in Endurance Horses

The purpose of this study was to evaluate oxidative stress, antioxidant biomarkers, and performance during a multiday 210-km endurance race. Nine endurance athlete horses participated in this study. Samples were always taken at the same times of day, before the beginning of the race and after every day of competition. Analytic measurements included glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase activity, thiobarbituric acid–reactive substances (TBARs), and reactive carbonylated derivatives. Competition intensity was low, with an average speed of 12.56 ± 0.9 km/h. Four horses were unable to finish the race because of metabolic problems or fatigue. GR activity increased progressively (P < .001) throughout the competition, and TBARs showed a significant rise compared with baseline values (P < .01) but remained at the same levels throughout the 3 days of competition. Catalase and reactive carbonylated derivatives did not show any significant alterations in any time period. The best performance was obtained from horses who demonstrated higher GR capacity and/or lower TBAR concentration. In conclusion, redox status seems to modulate horses' performance in endurance races, but further studies are needed to better determine the adequate oxidant/antioxidant ratio to acquire optimal performance.     

低胆固醇鹌鹑蛋黄粉及其复合红枣粉对小鼠耐力及抗氧化能力的影响

对低胆固醇鹌鹑蛋黄红枣粉(LCDP)的配方进行了优选,并研究了低胆固醇鹌鹑蛋黄粉(LCP)和LCDP对小鼠耐力和抗氧化能力的影响,且与鹌鹑蛋黄粉(QEP)的功能作用进行了比较。结果表明,LCP与红枣粉的最佳配比为7∶3;LCP、LCDP均能显著延长小鼠游泳时间,说明它们能增强小鼠耐力,且比QEP的作用强;LCP和LCDP均可显著降低四氧嘧啶致小鼠血液、肝脏及脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(G SH-Px)的活性,同时丙二醛(M DA)生成量显著下降。说明LCP和LCDP对四氧嘧啶致小鼠生物膜的氧化损伤均有保护作用,这种保护作用与它们对自由基强的清除能力是分不开的,且这种保护作用优于QEP。     

家蚕新品种粤枫三号(五·选×28·32)的育成

通过系统分离选育,对现行生产主要家蚕品种和引进育种素材进行改良提高,并经杂交组配筛选,育成了家蚕四元一代杂交种粤枫三号(五.选×28.32)。实验室鉴定及农村饲养和种场繁育的结果表明,该品种综合经济性状优良:抗逆性和耐氟污染能力强,孵化、眠起、老熟齐一;茧形大,茧层厚,产茧量较对照两广二号提高9.47%,茧丝质优良,一粒茧丝长1028 m,解舒丝长761 m,洁净92.25分;原蚕容易饲养,蚕种繁殖系数高。该品种已通过广东省农作物品种审定,适合在珠江流域等华南蚕区全年推广饲养。     

黄土高原优良能源草的选择和开发利用的研究

本文采用综合特征指标的选择方法,筛选出美国无芒雀麦等三个优良能源草种,并提出建立永续性多年生混播草地模式。这对解决黄土高原农村生物质能资源和饲料紧缺问题,是一条有效的措施和重要途径。