土壤含盐量与土壤电导率及水分含量关系的试验研究

应用不同盐分含量土壤，进行了土壤电导率与土壤含盐量关系的试验研究，获得了不同含盐量土壤的电导率随水分含量变化的规律，并且建立了土壤含盐量与土壤电导率及水分含量的关系．本文所用方法简便可行，试验结果具有较高精度．本研究为较精确测定土壤含盐量及快　速进行较大规模盐渍土壤调查提供了一种较佳方法．     

淡水电捕鱼工具性能研究与作用半径评估

[目的]了解我国电捕鱼工具使用现状,为国家制订渔业资源保护政策与导向提供科学依据.[方法]采用实地收集鱼具,测定电捕鱼工具可击昏鱼的作用范围、输出电压、波形,分析该类工具在性能上的演变,评价电捕鱼工具对水生资源的影响.[结果]现有电捕鱼工具以脉冲输出为主,直流输出为辅,没有收集到交流输出样品.现有电捕鱼工具的平均输出电压是1975年的1.6倍、1959年的3.0倍,平均击昏作用距离是是1975年的1.3倍,1959年的1.7倍;个别工具的输出电压达到1975年的4.3倍,1959年的8.0倍;可击昏作用半径达到1975年的2.3倍及1959年的2.9倍.研究结果还表明现有的电捕鱼工具通过提升输出电压、改为脉冲输出等方法,提升捕鱼效率、扩大作业范围,会引发鱼等水生生物资源的加速消亡.[结论]该试验分析方法及作用半径的评估方法,可用于电捕鱼工具对水生资源影响的评估,有利于推进我国农牧水产行业的可持续健康发展.     

低温胁迫对油麦菜幼苗抗寒性生理生化指标的影响

[目的]探明低温胁迫对油麦菜抗寒性相关生理生化指标的变化规律。[方法]分别在4、8℃低温条件下对油麦菜幼苗叶片内过氧化物酶活性、电解质外渗率和丙二醛含量的变化进行了研究。[结果]低温胁迫初期油麦菜幼苗叶片内电解质外渗率和丙二醛含量均呈上升趋势,胁迫后期呈下降趋势,抗低温能力增强。与对照组相比,4、8℃低温胁迫时油麦菜幼苗叶片内过氧化物酶活性均升高。[结论]低温胁迫时油麦菜幼苗叶片内过氧化物酶活性的升高,有助于提高它的抗寒性。     

清选装置电气控制系统设计

自行研制了纵轴流风筛式清选装置试验台,并对清选装置的电气控制系统进行了设计研究,配有扭矩仪和风速传感器等硬件设备,采用了计算机数据采集与监控系统,可实现数据的实时采集,可以对参数进行实时调节控制,控制面板简洁规范,操作简便。该设计提高了清选装置试验台的操作简便性和试验数据测量的准确性,对于指导清选装置的设计制造具有重要意义。     

拖拉机传动系加载磨合台测控技术研究

介绍拖拉机传动系加载磨合台的系统构成、软件设计、功能与创新之处。本磨合台采用电封闭结构,驱动电动机驱动被试传动系,被试传动系带动加载电动机,加载电动机产生的电能又返回驱动电动机,实现能量的循环利用。软件设计保证用户操作简单、稳定可靠。     

冷季寒牧系列紫花苜蓿根系内电导率测定

采集青海大学农牧学院试验基地寒牧系列紫花苜蓿12个不同品系作材料,在青海大学试验基地内进行田间观测并结合实验室对其电导率进行了测定,以此为依据鉴定其抗寒性的强弱。试验结果表明,紫花苜蓿根系内电解质渗透率最大的是寒牧11号品系(78.8%),最小的是寒牧5号品系(51.8%);在所测的材料中抗寒性最强的是寒牧5号品系。     

Associations between use of electric cow-trainers and clinical diseases, reproductive performance and culling in Swedish dairy cattle

The aims of this follow-up study were: (a) to evaluate the role of ECT technology as a risk factor for several diseases; and (b) to determine if the effects of these diseases on cows' reproductive performance and as risk factors for culling are influenced by exposure to ECTs. Diseases considered were retained placenta, metritis, ketosis, cystic ovaries, silent heat, milk fever, clinical mastitis, and foot and leg problems. We used historical and contemporary controls (with control herds selected to match the experimental herds for size and location). Data consisted of 10264 Swedish Red and White (SRB) and 5461 Swedish Friesian (SLB) lactation records in 150 herds of which 33 used cow-trainers. Logistic regression was used to estimate the effects of parity and exposure to electric cow-trainers on the risks of diseases and the effects of diseases and exposure to electric cow-trainers on risk of culling. The least-squares procedure was used to estimate the effects of diseases on reproductive performance.

The dominant effects associated with use of electric cow-trainers were an increased risk for silent heat, clinical mastitis, ketosis and culling relative to cows in herds not using cow-trainers. Diseases had negative effects on reproductive performance and the effects were larger for cows in herds using cow-trainers. In herds using electric cow-trainers, the largest increase in the interval from first service to conception (58 days) was caused by the occurrences of silent heat, cystic ovaries and the combination of two or more diseases. Retained placenta, metritis, cystic ovaries, clinical mastitis and a combination of two or more diseases increased the risk of culling about two times relative to healthy primiparous cows with the increase being greater for cows in herds using cow-trainers. Silent heat did not increase risk of culling in control groups, but was the largest risk factor for culling in the exposed group. We concluded that exposure to electric cow-trainers increased the incidence risk of silent heat, clinical mastitis, and ketosis and changed silent heat from a neutral disease with respect to culling to a major risk factor. Finally, exposure to cow-trainers increased the general negative effect of diseases on the cows' reproductive performance and risk for culling.     

EPS系统H桥上管驱动电路的研究

分析了传统电动助力转向系统电机驱动电路H桥的工作特性。简单介绍了目前H桥电路专用驱动芯片,分析了在EPS的H桥电路中不使用专用驱动芯片的原因。并在此基础上针对电动助力转向系统的实际需求提出了几种H桥上管驱动电路的可行方案。这些方案在我们开发EPS的过程中均经过了实践检验。     

不同风机、电机配置对密集式烤房烘烤性能的影响

研究了6种不同风机、电机配置对中型密集式烤房烘烤效果的影响。结果表明,在装烟竿距为12 cm的情况下,使用6号风机+1.5/1.1 kW电机时,烤房温差较小,风速大小适宜,烤后烟叶香气质好、香气量多,中上等烟比例大幅提高,且烘烤过程中能耗较低,经济效益明显。     

电力远程自动集中抄表系统

本文主要论述电力远程自动集中抄表系统的构成、特点以及系统的发展前景。