Analysis on Effects of Constructions Building nearby the River Bank or across the River on Navigation Conditions

In this paper, the effects of construction nearby the river or across the river are analyzed on navigation conditions, such as navigation scales, navigation flow conditions, navigation way, navigation method and navigation aids. Some safety measures during its construction are presented.     

四川不同生态区高产栽培条件下的杂交籼稻的稻米品质

郫县、汉源、射洪、邻水是四川具代表性的4个生态区,郫县位于成都平原区,土壤肥沃但受弱光限制;汉源位于攀西高海拔地区,温光充足;射洪位于川中丘陵区,受地形制约而气温日差较小;邻水则位于川东丘陵区,水资源缺乏且受干旱等灾害制约。本文以位于这4个典型生态区实施的水稻高产示范片为研究对象,分别对4个生态区及各生态区不同栽培方式、不同高产水平的杂交籼稻稻米碾米品质、外观品质、蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量及淀粉RVA谱特征值进行比较研究。结果表明:(1)生态条件与稻米品质有密切关系,受气温和土壤肥力影响较大,郫县的稻米品质最优,邻水相对较劣;齐穗前后气温略高及较高的土壤全氮、全钾、速效磷含量有利于高碾米品质的形成;土壤全磷含量的降低可显著增加米粒长宽比;灌浆成熟期的高温会增加稻米的垩白粒率和垩白度,而土壤速效磷含量高则有利于降低垩白粒率和垩白度;灌浆结实期的高温也会降低稻米蛋白质含量;直链淀粉含量随土壤有机质含量的升高而升高;峰值黏度与土壤全钾含量显著负相关,崩解值与土壤全钾、速效磷显著负相关,还与齐穗前8~21 d的日最高气温显著正相关,回复值、峰值时间与齐穗前14~21 d日最高气温、抽穗至成熟期日最高气温呈显著或极显著负相关,与土壤碱解氮呈显著正相关。(2)各栽培方式间,机直播的碾米品质较优,优化定抛的直链淀粉含量较高,而机插的峰值黏度、崩解值较高,消减值较低,蒸煮食味品质较好。(3)高产及超高产田块的碾米品质整体较优,而外观品质和蒸煮食味品质相对较差。本研究可为四川杂交中籼稻高产优质栽培技术提供理论参考。     

生态有机肥不同混配基质对辣椒生长发育的影响

研究了“绿源”牌有机肥（生态有机肥）不同混配基质对辣椒生长发育的影响。结果表明：生态有机肥、蛭石、草炭按1∶1∶1或生态有机肥、蛭石按1∶1组配明显促进辣椒的生长发育，主要表现为株高、茎粗增大，叶片数增多，光合作用增强，开花座果期提早，生物产量及经济产量提高。生态有机肥与河砂、炉渣组配有利于提高辣椒果实的Vc含量。全部以生态有机肥作为基质栽培辣椒效果较差。     

Strategic Approaches for Implementing International Cooperation in Industrialised Housing in Chongqing

The paper deals with the concept of housing industrialisation, the importance of promoting industrialised housing in Chongqing. It analyses the current condition and the possible implementation approaches for developing industrialised housing in Chongqing. It addresses the aim, objectives, suggested organisation structure and the rules and responsibilities of each party in this project. The paper also mentions the importance for international cooperation and what overseas participants can offer for this project.     

The Need and Efforts to Industrialized Housing from Developers

There exists the problems of low technology, low quality of components and lacked process in the traditional houses. This article states the experience and lesson in the development of Chongqing Longhu Garden, and the efforts of developers in the industrialized housing.     

不同生态条件对高淀粉玉米品种郑单18生长发育及产量的影响

通过不同生态条件对郑单18号生长发育及产量的影响研究，在河南夏播条件下，随着播种期的推迟，郑单18号的产量逐渐下降，穗行数、行粒数、千粒重逐渐降低，叶面积系数最大值变小，生育进程加快，生育期缩短；适宜生态条件为：全生育期积温2674.9—2860.8℃，至2496.0℃产量严重下降，全生育期日平均温度24.8—25.8℃，至24.5℃产量严重下降，对光照条件要求不严格。     

A Talk about Mode and Buildings of Providing for the Aged

In this paper, the problems to be studied and solved after China entered the "Aging Society" are presented. Then, based on analysis of the living mode of aged, the complex mode of providing for the aged by combining the family supporting with social supporting is presented. Finally, to study, design and construct the housing suitable for the complex mode of providing for the aged, the welfare building and recreation center for aged is suggested. This paper will play an important role in investigation of mode of providing for the aged with China's character and promoting the construction industry to meet the needs of aging society.     

烟碱含量的影响因素及其调控技术

针对近几年来烟草生产上一直存在的烟叶尤其是上部烟叶烟碱含量偏高，烟叶可用性降低的问题，通过分析品种，气候、土壤、海拔等生态因素以及氮、磷、钾等营养元素，移栽期、种植密度、打顶、留叶数、生长调节剂等栽培措施对烟碱含量的影响。提出了①培育烟碱含量适宜品种；②烟叶种植向生态适宜区转移；③适量施用氮磷肥、平衡施用微量元素；④合理确定移栽期、打顶密度和留叶数；⑤采用生长调节剂；⑥超临界CO2萃取降低烟碱；⑦微生物降解烟碱等降低烟碱，提高烟叶可用性的技术措施     

福建省“猪—沼—果”生态模式技术应用

“猪—沼—果”生态模式是生态农业建设的重要内容，同时也是治理农村散户养殖与规模化畜禽养殖场粪便污染的重要措施之一。根据福建省资源、气候特点，阐述和分析了“猪—沼—果”生态模式的分类、特点、应用及相关技术。     

城市灌木群落小气候效应的时空分布

如何评价城市绿地规划设计的科学性是当前城市生态学、景观生态学和园林生态学的研究热点。现有研究主要着眼于不同类型绿地内部与周围空间小气候的静态分析,而对于绿地对周边环境的生态过程则报道甚少。笔者报道的试验主要以灌木为研究对象,选取太原市几处有代表性的灌木林,利用仪器对植物群落斑块周边温度和湿度在空间和时间的梯度变化进行了测试,以探索城市绿地对其周边环境温湿度的影响的时空分布特征。实验结果表明:植物的叶面蒸腾是绿地产生降温增湿等生态效应的主要原因。绿地对周边空气温湿度的影响随着与绿地距离的增加而递减。其影响力的大小与温度的变化成正相关。该研究揭示了绿地能够有效缓解城市高温的机制和影响格局,丰富了城市小气候环流理论,对城市规划和绿地景观设计都具有一定的指导意义。