Use of differently enriched rotifers,Brachionus plicatilis,during larviculture of haddock,Melanogrammus aeglefinus: effects on early growth,survival and body lipid composition

We evaluated the effects of enriched rotifers on growth, survival and on the lipid composition of haddock larvae. The treatments tested were (1) AlgaMac 2000^®, (2) AquaGrow^® Advantage and (3) Pavlova sp. paste and AlgaMac 2000^®. The treatments did not influence larval growth rate throughout the experimental period (P = 0.70). Larvae from all treatments grew approximately 8% of their dry weight per day between 1 and 29 days post hatch (dph). Treatment 3 resulted in the best survival, estimated to be 3 on a scale from 0 to 5, whereas for the two other groups the survival estimates were 0 and 2. Rotifers from treatment 1 had low sterol concentrations, high eicosapentaenoic acid/arachidonic acid ratio and their feeding resulted in high larval mortality. Rotifers enriched with Pavlova sp. had the lowest proportions of the sum of saturated fatty acids, docosahexaenoic acid and sum of ω3 and the highest proportions of the sum of monounsaturated fatty acids (ΣMUFA). This was partially reflected in larvae from treatment 3 in that they had the highest proportions of ΣMUFA and the lowest proportions of Σω3 (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). In addition, these larvae had the highest and lowest ΣC₂₀ and ΣC₂₂ polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) respectively (P < 0.0001 for both analyses). We suggest that more research with ω3 and ω6 PUFA can lead to improvements in the rearing of haddock larvae produced in hatcheries.     

加味丹参饮抑制p38MAPK表达保护缺氧/复氧乳鼠心肌细胞损伤的实验研究

目的 观察加味丹参饮含药血清对缺氧/复氧（hypoxia/reoxygenation,H/R）乳鼠心肌细胞p38 MAPK蛋白表达的影响,以探讨其保护心肌的作用机制。方法 将20只SD乳鼠的心肌细胞进行原代培养,建立H/R模型并随机分为H/R组、SB203580（p38MAPK阻断剂组）、加味丹参饮含药血清组,正常心肌细胞组作为对照组。采用T淋巴细胞化学染色法鉴定心肌细胞,罗丹明B（Rhodamine B）染色法观察细胞形态,MTT比色法检测含药血清对乳鼠心肌细胞的毒性,Western-blot法检测MKK3（促分裂原活化蛋白激酶-激酶3）、MKK6（促分裂原活化蛋白激酶-激酶6）、p38MAPK、phospho-p38MAPK蛋白表达。结果 与正常血清对照组比较,H/R组MKK3、MKK6的蛋白表达增多,p38MAPK通路阻断剂SB203580和加味丹参饮均不能减少其表达;p38MAPK、phospho-p38MAPK在H/R时表达均增加（P<0.01）,而SB203580和加味丹参饮含药血清均能减少其表达（P<0.01）。结论 加味丹参饮含药血清预处理可通过抑制缺氧,复氧心肌细胞p38MAPK信号通路发挥保护作用,抑制p38MAPK表达及其磷酸化,减轻心肌细胞损伤,起到保护心肌细胞的作用。     

小菜蛾腺苷受体基因PxAdoR克隆及杀虫靶标作用

利用蝉花虫草Ophiocordyceps sobolifera代谢产物N6-（2-羟乙基）腺苷（HEA）作用于小菜蛾Plutella xylostella L.获得差异表达的片段,采用RT-PCR和RACE技术从小菜蛾中克隆全长1828 bp的小菜蛾腺苷受体（Plutella xylostella adenosine receptor,PxAdoR）基因,通过生物信息学软件预测和分析蛋白质结构,PxAdoR为分子量49.2 kD,没有信号肽,疏水性不稳定蛋白,具有7次跨膜螺旋结构的一类G蛋白偶联受体（G protein coupled receptor,GPCRs）。利用HEA及哺乳动物腺苷受体A2aR抑制剂SCH58261处理小菜蛾2龄幼虫,结果显示联合使用HEA和SCH58261后36~60 h,可使HEA引起的小菜蛾2龄幼虫的校正死亡率显著降低（42.7%~53.9%,P<0.05）;而联合用药后36、48、60 h小菜蛾2龄幼虫体重增长抑制率由43.3%、38.3%、46.2%显著降低（P<0.05）到13.2%、10.3%、8.6%。本研究表明SCH58261能显著降低HEA引起的小菜蛾2龄幼虫的死亡率和体重增长抑制率,HEA可能是通过PxAdoR而起作用,PxAdoR基因可以作为新的杀虫靶点用于害虫控制研究。     

6_二甲基氨基嘌呤诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体_抑制受精卵第一极体释放

于 1996～ 1997年 ,用 6-二甲基氨基嘌呤 ( 6-DMAP)抑制受精卵第一极体的释放 ,诱导太平洋牡蛎产生三倍体。选用L16( 45)设计 ,进行三因素四水平的正交试验 :6-DMAP浓度 ,设15 0、30 0、45 0和 60 0μmol/L ;诱导时机 (即精卵混合后的时间 ) ,设 10、15、2 0和 2 5min ;诱导持续时间 ,设 10、15、2 0和 2 5min。试验平行重复二次。结果为最高三倍体诱导率为 ( 71.3± 1.2 ) % ,该实验组胚胎孵化率为 ( 5 5 .5± 3.1) % ,D形幼虫畸形率为 ( 10 .7± 1.6) %。根据直观分析结果 ,得出诱导太平洋牡蛎三倍体各因素的最优水平组合 :水温 2 5～ 2 5 .5℃ ,精卵混合 10min时 ,将受精卵浸泡在含 6-DMAP 60 0μmol/L的海水中 15min ;决定三倍体产生的三因素的主次顺序 :6-DMAP浓度→诱导时机→诱导持续时间。 6-DMAP浓度对三倍体诱导率影响显著 ,但诱导时机和诱导持续时间不显著。     

CaCl_2和6-BA处理对枣果呼吸强度及贮藏品质的影响

 研究了赞皇大枣和胜利枣采后在 0℃条件下呼吸强度和果实品质的变化规律以及采前 Ca Cl2 和 6 - BA处理对采后枣果呼吸强度和果实品质的影响。结果表明 ,赞皇大枣和胜利枣属于非跃变型果实 ;在贮藏过程中 V- C含量先积累后降低 ;采后果肉硬度逐渐下降且与贮藏时间呈极显著负相关 (r1 =- 0 .936 46 ,r2 =0 .936 2 4)。采前Ca Cl2 、6 - BA以及 Ca Cl2 +6 - BA处理 ,均能降低采后枣果的呼吸强度 ,但作用效果不显著。 1% Ca Cl2 和 1% Ca Cl2 +15 mg/ L 6 - BA处理能明显降低 V- C损失率 ,抑制果肉硬度和好果率的下降。 1% Ca Cl2 处理可使赞皇大枣和胜利枣贮藏末期的果肉硬度分别比对照增加 1.2 kg/ cm2 和 1.5 kg/ cm2 ,好果率分别增加 8.2 %和 5 .4% ;1% Ca Cl2 +15 m g/L 6 - BA处理可使赞皇大枣和胜利枣贮藏末期的果肉硬度分别增加 1.5 kg/ cm2和 2 .1kg/ cm2 ,好果率增加 17.8%和 11.7%。 15 m g/ L6 - BA处理对枣果的呼吸强度及果实品质有一定影响 ,但作用效果总体上不及 Ca Cl2 。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of HA and NA Genes of One Strain of H6N6 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Isolated from Guizhou Province

To investigate the epidemic situation of H6N6 subtype avian influenza virus (AIV) in Guizhou province,A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 was isolated from Sansui duck in live poultry market of Guizhou in 2014,the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes of DK/GZ/14 were subjected to clone and sequence analysis.The results showed that HA gene had the highest nucleotide homologies (97.5%) with the duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Eastern China in 2009,and the strains of HA gene proteolytic cleavage sites was P-Q-I-E-T-R-G,which accordeol with the molecular characteristic of low pathogenic AIV (LPAIV).However,NA gene of A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 had the highest nucleotide homologies (98.2%) with the duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Fujian in 2007.The phylogenetic tree showed that A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 and Hunan strains located in the same branch,while three duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV isolated from Guizhou in 2007 and A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 located in the different branch for HA and NA genes in genetic evolution,which suggested that A/duck/Guizhou/013/2014 was far with the local H6N6 subtype.The results also clearly indicated that duck-origin H6N6 subtype AIV had genetic diversity in duck population in Guizhou.     

GGR6号在棉花上应用效果研究

2003、2004连续两年研究了植物生长调节剂GGR6号在棉花上的应用效果。两年平均结果表明:GGR6号适宜浓度处理能促进棉花根系的发育,对增加侧根数、根干重、果枝数、铃重、单株结铃数均有一定的促进作用,并有一定的增产作用,其中以GGR6号40mg/kg的处理浓度效果较好,但作用效果都达不到显著水平     

Association of TNF-α, IL-10 and IL-6 promoter polymorphisms in pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their household contacts of younger age group

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes have been found to be involved in the clinical outcome of Tuberculosis. The present study was aimed to identify the high risk genotypes in Tuberculosis patients and their household contacts. A total of 490 subjects were studied which includes 150 active pulmonary tuberculosis patients (APTB), 190 household contacts (HHC) and 150 healthy controls (HC). The SNPs of TNF-α (-308A/G), IL-10(-1082G/A) and IL-6(-174G/C) were performed by ARMs PCR. The IL-10 GA genotype showed significant association in APTB and HHC and was 2.3 times higher risk in APTB and 3.7 times in HHC compared to HCs. The A allele was found to be significantly associated with the risk of disease. The CC genotype of IL-6 was found to be significantly associated in APTB and an insignificant positive association in HHCs. The multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) analysis indicated that the genotypes of IL-6 were showing high risk with GA genotype of IL-10. In conclusion the gene interaction may be useful for identification of genotypes as biomarkers to distinguish high risk individuals.     

肠道病毒71型感染C57BL/6小鼠模型的初步建立

以1日龄C57BL/6乳鼠作为试验对象,分别通过颅内和腹腔注射肠道病毒71型(EV71)福建株感染,观察记录小鼠体重和体征,定期采集小鼠大脑、小肠、肺、肌肉4种组织,分析病毒载量,通过HE染色和免疫组化观察各种组织病理变化。结果:2种感染途径的C57BL/6乳鼠均于不同时间出现竖毛、弓背和消瘦症状。经腹腔注射感染的乳鼠能在肌肉组织中检测到病毒RNA,经颅内注射感染的乳鼠可在肌肉和肺组织中检测到病毒RNA。病理学及免疫组化结果显示:EV71福建株在骨骼肌中大量增殖,并可导致肌肉组织水肿和坏死、肺组织水肿充血以及神经元坏死等多种组织器官炎症反应。综上,初步建立通过颅内和腹腔注射感染EV71的C57BL/6乳鼠模型,为研究EV71病毒感染机制、建立更优的动物模型提供参考。