基于开源J2EE框架的高校实验教学管理系统研究

依据高等院校实验教学管理的应用需求,在分析开源框架体系结构的基础上,通过整合Struts、Spring和Hibernate,利用分层解耦、框架管理层次的思想构建了一个基于开源J2EE的应用架构,并据此架构开发了高校实验教学管理系统。系统可靠性高,安全性好,可扩展性和可维护性强,能有效提高高校实验教学管理和服务效率。     

早熟苦瓜新品种春研2号的选育

春研2号苦瓜是以强雌系A94为母本、自交系B8为父本育成的早熟苦瓜一代杂种,表现早熟、丰产、连续结果能力强、抗逆性强、品质优等优良特性。果实青白色,棒形,单果约重400g,粒瘤,富有光泽,苦味适中,口感脆嫩,外观商品性及风味品质佳。可露地早熟栽培或春季保护地栽培,一般产量60000～90000kg/hm2,前期产量、总产量、品质性状优于蓝山苦瓜。     

重组大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素的表达及对小鼠胚胎稳定性的影响

为研究大肠杆菌不耐热肠毒素（LT）对小鼠胚胎稳定性的影响,运用大肠杆菌表达系统制备了具有生物活性的重组大肠杆菌LT,用重组LT通过腹腔注射处理妊娠小鼠,分析了LT对小鼠胚胎稳定性的影响。首先采用PCR方法从产毒大肠杆菌菌株44815基因组中扩增LT的A、B亚基基因,将其插入到pET-20b（＋）原核表达载体pelB信号肽的下游,分别构建成LTA和LTB分泌型表达载体;将载体分别转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）pLysS,在IPTG的诱导下进行表达,利用Ni-NTA琼脂糖凝胶从细菌周质释放液中提取和纯化重组LTA和LTB蛋白;利用细胞毒性试验检测重组蛋白的生物活性。然后用制备的重组LT注射妊娠6d的小鼠,连续注射3d后,统计小鼠的胚胎存活率。同时用ELISA方法检测小鼠血清中与胚胎稳定性密切相关的Th1型细胞因子（IFN-γ、IL-2）和Th2型细胞因子（IL-4、IL-10）及IL-β的表达水平。结果表明,采用分泌性表达策略实现了重组LT在大肠杆菌中的高效分泌表达,LTA和LTB的表达量分别达68、62mg/L。表达的重组LT具有明显的细胞毒性作用;用LT处理妊娠小鼠,胚胎的存活率为32%,明显低于对照组;小鼠血清中Th1型细胞因子IFN-γ和IL-2的含量明显高于对照组（P〈0.01）,分别为对照组的2、3倍。同时细胞因子IL-1β为对照组的2倍（P〈0.01）,而稳定胚胎发育的Th2型细胞因子IL-4、IL-10没有明显变化（P〉0.05）。据此推测,LT可能与大肠杆菌性肠炎引起妊娠家畜流产有关,LT对胚胎稳定性的影响除与LT的直接毒性有关外,可能还与LT介导的免疫调节异常有关。     

C and N dynamics of a range of biogas slurries as a function of application rate and soil texture: a laboratory experiment

Digestates vary in composition and studies regarding their impact on C and N dynamics in soils are scarce. The objective was to analyse the C and N dynamics of digestates originating from various substrates applied to a sandy Cambisol and a silty Anthrosol. In three laboratory experiments (4–6 weeks), the effects of digestate properties, N rate and water content were tested. Averaged over both soils, 21% of the C supplied was emitted as CO₂. Potential NH₃ emissions during the first week ranged between 6% and 12% of NH₄⁺ present in the digestates. The emission factors in the sandy Cambisol were on average 1.2 and 2 times higher for CO₂ and potential NH₃, respectively, compared to the silty Anthrosol. Similarly, net nitrogen mineralization in the sandy Cambisol was approximately twice the N mineralized in the silty Anthrosol. Net nitrification was not influenced by soil texture or different digestates, but increased with increasing application rates and had highest values at 75% of water holding capacity. Our results indicate that the type of substrate input for anaerobic digestion influences the properties of the digestate and therefore the dynamics of C and N. However, soil texture can affect these dynamics markedly.     

The Leaching Behaviour and Balances of Nitrogen and Other Elements under Spring Wheat in Lysimeter Experiment 1985–92

Abstract

In a lysimeter study it was found that moderate rates of ammonium nitrate increased utilization percentages in spring wheat, and the leaching was 10% or less of added N. Over-optimal rates reduced utilization percentages and increased leaching to almost 50% of the highest doses. Late split application of calcium nitrate increased the percentage of N in grain. Furthermore, leaching of N was not reduced, but occurred somewhat later in the fall and winter seasons. Leaching of Cl^? was more rapid and that of SO₄ ^2- was delayed relative to the leaching of NO₃ ^?. Rather large negative N balances were obtained, also after over-optimal application rates, and total N content of the soil was reduced. Compared with the N₀ treatment, differences in soil N residues amounted to 15–25% of added N in seven years. Gaseous losses had apparently taken place both from the added N and from soil N according to the total-N analysis.     

重庆市万州区1年生尾巨桉生长情况调查

通过对重庆市万州区营造尾巨桉(3229品系)的调查结果表明,该树种在该区域的适应性和速生性较强,可进一步扩大种植范围,在万州区乃至三峡库区具有一定的发展前景。     

联合收割机割刀驱动行星轮系多目标优化设计

针对联合收割机割刀机构的工作特点,采用2K-H型行星齿轮机构,分析了割刀机构工作原理。通过建立2K-H型行星轮系的优化设计模型,应用NSGA-2算法对2K-H型行星齿轮机构进行多目标优化设计。以最小体积和最大承载力为优化设计目标,通过编制MATLAB程序得到Pareto前沿,进而得到最优解,与以往多目标优化设计比较,设计得到了很好的改善。     

A possible mechanism of mineral responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 in rice grains

Increasing attentions have been paid to mineral concentration decrease in milled rice grains caused by CO2 enrichment, but the mechanisms still remain unclear. Therefore, mineral(Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn) translocation in plant-soil system with a FACE(Free-air CO2 enrichment) experiment were investigated in Eastern China after 4-yr operation. Results mainly showed that:(1) elevated CO2 significantly increased the biomass of stem and panicle by 21.9 and 24.0%, respectively, but did not affect the leaf biomass.(2) Elevated CO2 significantly increased the contents of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn in panicle by 61.2, 28.9, 87.0, 36.7, and 66.0%, respectively, and in stem by 13.2, 21.3, 47.2, 91.8, and 25.2%, respectively, but did not affect them in leaf.(3) Elevated CO2 had positive effects on the weight ratio of mineral/biomass in stem and panicle. Our results suggest that elevated CO2 can favor the translocation of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, and Mn from soil to stem and panicle. The CO2-led mineral decline in milled rice grains may mainly attribute to the CO2-led unbalanced stimulations on the translocations of minerals and carbohydrates from vegetative parts(e.g., leaf, stem, branch and husk) to the grains.     

转基因油菜TOPAS 19/2质粒分子多家协同实验及不确定度评定

质粒分子是转基因产品核酸定量检测的一类新型标准物质,具有易制备、周期短、成本低等特点。采用实时荧光定量PCR技术,并协同7家实验室对转基因油菜TOPAS 19/2质粒分子进行了基因组的可替代性研究、协同实验研究及不确定度评定。T检验表明,质粒和基因组所产生的内源和外源基因标准曲线的斜率和线性相关系数没有显著性差异。对多家定值的数据进行了统计分析得出,TOPAS19/2质粒分子的量值结果0.910,扩展标准不确定度（K=2）为0.013。