倍他米松ELISA检测方法的建立

为建立倍他米松(BET)ELISA检测方法,先使BET与琥珀酸酐反应,再采用活化酯法与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)偶联制备免疫原;其次,利用免疫动物获得多克隆抗体,经Sephrose 4B-proteinA方法对抗体进行纯化;最后,建立倍他米松ELISA检测方法。结果表明,免疫抗原偶联成功,获得了亲和力较高的多克隆抗血清,间接竞争ELISA测定其滴度为102 400、IC15为6.60×10-5 ng/mL和IC50为0.97ng/mL。该方法适用于残留在动物性食品中的BET现场大批量检测。     

基于PSR模型的兰州市土地生态安全时空差异评价

研究了兰州市2006~2013年土地生态安全的时空差异。主要依据PSR模型建立评价指标体系,运用熵权法与综合评价法对不同时期兰州市及各县区土地生态安全状况进行分析。结果表明:(1)兰州市土地生态安全由2006年的"恶劣"状态转变为2013年的"良好"状态;(2)土地生态压力指数从0.176下降为0.145,土地生态状态与土地生态响应指数分别从0.063、0.160提升到0.295、0.290;(3)区域内空间分布差异较为明显,土地生态状态改善与响应增强主要集中在土地生态压力过大的地方。据此可知,兰州市土地生态结构和功能基本完善,已步入良好阶段,但是各县区土地生态空间分布差异较大。     

Effects of dietary L-threonine levels on antioxidant capacity,digestive enzyme activities,and antibody production of Xinyang green-shell laying hens

Xinyang green-shell laying hens (n = 720), 32 wk of age were allocated to 5 dietary treatments groups, each of which included 6 replicates of 24 hens. The control group was given a basal corn-peanut-soybean meal diet containing 0.47% L-threonine (L-Thr). L-Thr levels of the experimental groups were 0.57, 0.67, 0.77, and 0.87%, respectively. The trial lasted 10 wk. Serum concentrations of total superoxide dismutases (T-SOD) and superoxide dismutases (SOD) were maximized at 0.67% L-Thr group. The 0.57% L-Thr group had the highest serum total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), while the 0.67% L-Thr group had the lowest serum malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. Hens fed 0.67% L-Thr of the diet resulted in the highest SOD and T-AOC levels in the liver. The activity of amylase and lipase in the jejunum was maximized at 0.77% L-Thr level. Hens fed 0.77% L-Thr in the diet resulted in the highest IgM and IgG levels in the jejunum. In conclusion, we suggest that a L-Thr level above 0.67% may have had an antioxidant capacity and positive effect on digestive enzyme activities and antibody production in the jejunum of Xinyang green-shell laying hens.     

粉煤灰磁粉表面化学镀铜的研究

粉煤灰磁粉是热电厂生产过程产生的固体废弃物粉煤灰中的一种成分,由于其有内在的磁性和微导电性,通过表面金属化后,能用于制备电磁屏蔽和吸波材料。笔者采用置换反应法在粉煤灰空心磁粉表面进行了化学镀铜的研究。扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱(EDX)分析结果表明,该化学镀方法能在其表面获得良好性能的金属镀层。     

SrNi2Fe16O27铁氧体的合成与性能研究

采用柠檬酸法合成出超微W型铁氧体。用XRD、VSM测试其结构和磁性能。试验结果表明,该法在1000℃制得的铁氧体性能优于其他方法制得的铁氧体,控制pH值、水量和柠檬酸的量对铁氧体的结构和磁性能都有一定的影响。     

柱花草叶肉原生质体提取与瞬时表达体系构建

柱花草(Stylosanthes guianensis)是一种重要的热区豆科牧草,为利用原生质体瞬时表达体系开展柱花草基因功能研究,以20 d龄期‘热研5号’柱花草子叶为试验材料,通过正交试验考察不同因素对原生质体分离及转化效率的影响。结果表明：采用1.5%纤维素酶、1.25%离析酶、0.5 mol·L^-1甘露醇和4 mmol·L^-1MES酶解液组合,酶解时间为16 h时,原生质体的产量和活性均达到最佳,分别为(4.567×10⁶)个·g^-1和92.271%;原生质体浓度为(6×10⁵)个·mL^-1、质粒浓度为0.6μg·μL^-1,PEG-4000浓度为50%、转化时间为5 min时,转化效率最高,可达52.524%。构建了目标蛋白SgRKL1表达载体pA7-BIUTNT::SgRKL1-GFP,利用PEG介导法将其转入柱花草原生质体,激光扫描共聚焦显微镜检测结果显示SgRKL1蛋白定位于细胞膜上,说明所建立的柱花草叶肉原生质体瞬时表...     

基于斜率比法评定断奶仔猪对不同铜源的相对生物学利用率

本试验旨在研究不同铜源（硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜和柠檬酸铜）和铜添加水平（20和30 mg/kg）对断奶仔猪生长性能、血清铜含量与含铜酶活性以及组织铜含量的影响,探讨断奶仔猪对不同铜源的相对生物学利用率。试验采用3×2双因子随机区组设计,选取平均体重为（8.98±0.48） kg的杜×长×大三元杂交断奶仔猪112头,随机分为7组,每组4个重复,每个重复4头猪。对照组饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮（铜含量为7.80 mg/kg）,各试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加20或30 mg/kg硫酸铜、碱式氯化铜或柠檬酸铜（均以铜含量计）。试验预试期3 d,正试期28 d。结果表明：1）试验组与对照组断奶仔猪平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比均无显著差异（P>0.05）。2）饲粮铜源和铜添加水平对断奶仔猪血清铜含量具有显著影响（P<0.05）,但对血清铜蓝蛋白和铜锌超氧化物歧化酶活性均无显著影响（P>0.05）。3）饲粮铜源和铜添加水平对断奶仔猪肝脏铜含量具有显著影响（P<0.05）,但对心脏、肾脏、胰脏和跖骨铜含量均无显著影响（P>0.05）。4）根据多元线性回归斜率比法计算,以血清铜...     

A prospective,randomized, double-blind,placebo-controlled multisite,parallel-group field study in dogs with osteoarthritis conducted in the United States of America evaluating bedinvetmab,a canine anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody

ObjectiveBedinvetmab, a fully canine anti-nerve growth factor monoclonal antibody, was evaluated in dogs for control of osteoarthritis-related pain in a study conducted to support registration in the USA.Study designRandomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter, parallel-group study.AnimalsGeneral practice client-owned dogs with osteoarthritis (n = 272).MethodsDogs were block randomized 1:1 to placebo (saline, n = 137) or bedinvetmab (n = 135; 0.5–1.0 mg kg^–1) administered subcutaneously, once monthly. The primary end point, day 28 Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) treatment success (TS), required pain severity score (PSS; 0–10) decrease ≥1 and pain interference score (PIS; 0–10) decrease ≥ 2. CBPI TS rates [and number needed to treat (NNT)], change in scores [and standardized effect size (ES)], change in quality of life (QoL) and bedinvetmab half-life were calculated.ResultsSignificant (p < 0.05) improvement with bedinvetmab over placebo occurred (days 28, 42, 56, 84) for CBPI TS. Of cases evaluable for day 28 CBPI TS (placebo, n = 131; bedinvetmab, n = 128), success rates were 36.6% and 47.4%, respectively (p = 0.0410) (NNT, 9.3; PSS and PIS ES, 0.3). CBPI TS increased after the second dose in both groups, plateaued for bedinvetmab at day 42 and decreased for placebo beginning day 84. Day 84 NNT (4.3), PSS (0.4) and PIS (0.5) showed continued improvement with monthly dosing. After the first dose, mean (± standard deviation) bedinvetmab half-life was 19.1 (8.3) days. Adverse events were similar between groups and not considered treatment-related. There was a significant effect of bedinvetmab versus placebo on all CBPI components (PIS, PSS, QoL).Conclusions and clinical relevanceThese results corroborated those previously reported and provide further support of safety and effectiveness of bedinvetmab (0.5–1.0 mg kg^–1) administered subcutaneously at monthly intervals to dogs for control of osteoarthritis-related pain.     

牛奶中褪黑素含量的检测方法

褪黑素作为一种多功能活性因子,在畜牧生产中具有十分重要的作用。近年来,有关天然高褪黑素奶的研究大规模开展,对奶中褪黑素含量测定需求也有所增加。目前比较常见的褪黑素检测方法有气相色谱法（GC）、气相色谱-质谱联用法（GC-MS）、高效液相色谱法（HPLC）、高效液相色谱-质谱联用法（LC-MS）、放射免疫测定法（RIA）、酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）、紫外分光光度法（UV）。本文从原理、特点及优缺点等方面对这几种方法展开介绍,并对各方法的应用进行简单的比较,为后续相关研究与应用提供一定参考。     

用层次分析法决策喷灌规划设计方案

在喷灌工程规划设计过程中,正确地选用规划设计方案,实际是一个综合分析决策的过程。主要应考虑的因素中,有些可定量,有些则是无法定量的。如何对非定量因素作定量分析,进而对整个喷灌规划设计方案作出评价决策,层次分析法是解决这类问题简洁、有效、实用的方法。