Species diversity and stability of natural secondary communities with different cutting intensities after ten years

Species diversity and stability of natural secondary communities in different layers with different cutting intensities 10 years later were investigated by calculating Marglef Richness index (R), Shannon-Wiener diversity index (H), Simpson diversity index (P), and Pielou Evenness index (J). Results show that the values of R, H and P among different layers are listed in a decreasing order: the shrub layer > the arbor layer > the herb layer, all the three indices values reach the maximum under medium selective cutting intensity after 10 years. The J value of the shrub layer shows a concave parabolic change with the increase in cutting intensity; it shows a linear increase for the arbor layer, whereas the J value of the herb layer shows an opposite change pattern. The values of R at different cutting intensities had high significant difference, but other indices had not significant difference. The stability of communities at different cutting intensities after 10 years is non-cutting> low selective cutting intensity > medium selective cutting intensity > high selective cutting intensity > extra-high intensity > clear cutting. The stability of communities at different cutting intensities after 10 years shows that the greater cutting intensities, the worse the stability is.     

毛竹光合作用的研究

毛竹是我国主要竹种,分布面积最大,绝大部分分布在长江中下游以南年降雨量1500mm左右的亚热带地区,干旱会影响毛竹的生长。毛竹是多年生常绿植物,新竹在第二年春天落叶,很快长出新叶。以后每两年换一次     

Characteristics of runoff and sediment generation of forest vegetation on a hill slope by use of artificial rainfall apparatus

We studied the impact of forest vegetation on soil erosion,surface runoff, and sediment generation by using field simulated rainfall apparatus. We measured runoff and sediment generation of five 4.5 × 2.1m runoff plots (a bare soil as a control; two Pinus tabulaeformis forestplots and two Platycladus orientalis forest with row spacing of 1 m × 1m and 1.5 m × 1.5 m, respectively) in Beijing Jiu Feng National ForestPark under three rainfall intensities (0.42, 0.83, 1.26 mm per minute).Forest vegetation significantly reduced soil erosion and sediment yield.Mean total runoff volume in the four tree stand plots was 93% of that inthe control plot, demonstrating the limited effectiveness of forest vegetation in runoff control. With increasing rainfall intensity, runoff reductionin forest plots declined from 28.32% to 2.1%. Similar trends in runoff coefficient and the relationship between runoff volume and rainfall duration was observed. Mean total sediment yield and mean sediment yield reduction rate under different treatments was 55.05% and 43.17% of those in the bare soil control plot, respectively. Rainfall intensity playedan important role in runoff and sediment generation processes, and had agreater impact on runoff than on soil erosion and sediment generation.When considering several factors in runoff and sediment transport processes, the P. tabulae form plot with row spacing at 1 × 1 m had a greater effect on soil and water conservation than did other forested plots.     

温室效应对红桦泡囊丛枝菌根侵染率和侵染强度的影响

本试验以红桦（Betulaalbo-sinensis）为材料,研究不同处理条件下,AMF侵染率和侵染强度的变化规律。结果表明：（1）在自然状态下,AMF的侵染率和侵染强度高;（2）光照强度可提高AMF的侵染率和侵染强度;（3）温度升高和二氧化碳浓度倍增加强AMF的侵染强度;（4）温度差值在4℃～7℃时对AMF侵染率有促进作用;（5）温度差值在2℃～4℃和二氧化碳浓度倍增对AMF侵染率夏季起抑制作用,秋季起促进作用;（6）从夏季到秋季,AMF侵染率下降,而二氧化碳浓度倍数却使AMF侵染率上升。     

Insights into the differences in leaf functional traits of heterophyllous Syringa oblata under different light intensities

Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this stud...     

雷州半岛尾巨桉人工林林下穿透雨特征研究

为深入了解桉树生态水文过程,正确认识桉树水文功能,本文通过野外实测法,对不同林龄尾巨桉林下穿透雨进行连续观测,并结合林外降雨量分析尾巨桉人工林林下穿透雨特征及其与降雨的关系.结果发现:尾巨桉各林龄林下穿透雨量与降雨量呈极显著正相关线性模型(P＜0.01);林下穿透雨率与降雨强度呈极显著正相关(P＜0.01),截留率与降雨强度呈极显著负相关(P＜0.01),变异系数随降雨强度的增大先增大后减小,且两者均与降雨量无显著相关性;干湿季林下穿透雨率差异显著,湿季显著大于干季(P＜0.05),最大穿透雨率及最小穿透雨率分别是干季的1.17倍和3.2倍.     

广西大明山云贵山茉莉林的空间结构

利用混交度、大小比数和角尺度分析广西大明山云贵山茉莉林的空间结构。结果表明：云贵山茉莉林林分的树种空间配置以中、强度混交为主,优势树种云贵山茉莉多呈单种聚集;林木大小比数随胸径的增大呈迅速减小的趋势,小径阶林木多明显受压。中径木处于中庸状态,大径木占优势地位;林分整体和多数径阶的林木分布格局属聚集分布。     

马尾松抚育间伐强度对其生长量影响试验

抚育间伐是培育森林的1项重要营林措施,同时又可以早期利用其木材的主要途径。不同抚育间伐强度对林木单株的胸径、树高和材积生长量的影响,通过对13a生马尾松林作不同强度的间伐试验,表明不同间伐强度处理对其单株胸径的影响存在显著差异。     

间伐对杉木凋落物分解中生态化学计量的影响

以福建杉木人工林为研究对象,采用不同间伐强度(23％、32％、不间伐),研究间伐后不同密度样地内凋落物分解过程中的C、N、P含量及其化学计量比特征的影响.结果表明:(1)各处理叶和枝的C、N、P含量在整个分解过程中均以下降-上升的波动下降;凋落物分解1a后,3种处理叶和枝的N、P含量以D2(弱度间伐)处理最低,叶C含量...     

Productivity and nutrient uptake of newly released wheat varieties at different sowing times under poplar plantation in north-western India

Standardisation of cultural practises is one of the primary objectives to make the system ecologically sustainable and economically viable. In this context, the present study was conducted to optimise the time of sowing in relation to newly released wheat varieties under 4–6 year old poplar block plantation. Six widely grown wheat varieties (PBW 502, PBW 343, WH 542, PDW 274, PBW 509 and PBW 373) were intercultivated during three consecutive crop growth seasons at three times of sowing (mid November, late November and mid December) under block plantation of poplar (Populus deltoides Bartr.) clone G-48. The grain yield and nutrient uptake of wheat varieties was higher in open conditions than under the trees. The wheat variety PBW 502 out yielded the rest of wheat varieties over different sowing times. The highest grain yield was recorded when crop was sown during mid November over the 3 years. Thus adoption of PBW 502 under poplar plantation would substantially improve the overall productivity of the system without any additional input cost. All the varieties performed better when sown early compared to one-month delay. The various growth parameters like tiller height and number, spike length and 100 grain weight contributed significantly towards higher grain yield in early sown conditions (mid November) under poplar irrespective of its age of plantation. The nutrient uptake (N, P and K) by wheat straw and grain was higher in early sown crop with longer growth span than the late sown crop. The higher quantity of N, P and K was removed from soil by PBW 509, PBW 373 and PBW 343, respectively.