新式墙面绿化在广州和深圳的应用研究

新式墙面绿化对日益缩减的城市绿化环境至关重要,通过实地调查广州和深圳30个新式墙面绿化场所,分析其种植形式、植物种类、植物配置与景观效果,总结出深圳和广州新式墙面绿化的植物应用现状和景观效果,并讨论其发展前景。     

森林类型对大气中PM2.5值的影响

从2014年9月开始到2015年8月,在长沙市郊湖南省林业科学院杜家冲试验林场选择不同森林类型林分,对其大气中PM2.5持续监测1年。结果表明:该区大气中PM2.5值最高的为阔叶混交林,其次为2个空旷地,最低的为樟树林;大气中PM2.5值在不同林分间差异不显著,在不同时间段间差异显著。     

中国土壤上的沉默权分析

沉默权起源于17世纪的英国，因为制度的先进性和理论的合理性后被广为推崇。我国学界对中国是否应该引入沉默权展开了激烈的讨论。从中国沉默权的立法现状着手，论证了在中国土壤下建立沉默权的可行性，并在建构这项制度方面提出了自己的建议。     

THE INTERMEDIATE SKY IS COMPOSED OF THE PSEUDO-CLEAR SKY AND THE PSEUDO-OVERCAST SKY

This paper suggests that the actual sky,with the exception of a few par-ticular weather conditions,such as rain and snowstorm in which artificial lighting is needed.The sky can bc divided into four types according to their sunlight conditions and sky luminance distrbutions,they arc clear sky,pscudc-clear sky,pseudo-overcast sky and overcast sky.It is inadequate to classify sky merely from cloudage and to affirm that all sky conditions except clear and overcast belong to only one type.From the viewpoint of statis-tical average over many years,when sun disk is covered with cloud,luminance distribution of the sky resembles that of overcast sky,and when there is no cloud over sun disk,it is sim-ilar to that of clear sky.The luminance distributions of pscudo-clear sky and pseudo-over-cast sky are quite.In pseudo-overcatssky,the maximum skydifferent.In pseudo-clear sky,it gets maximum sky luminence can not appear in the region around the sun in considera-tion of the problem from the viewpoint of statistial average over many years.Furthermore,the differences of horizont.al diffuse illuminancc between pseudo-clear and pseudl-ouercast sky are obvious.Therefore it is more suitable to study all kinds of skies,that is pseudo-clear and pseudo-overcast sky.     

鄂尔多斯高原北部沙区主要植被类型下土壤要素的空间分析

鄂尔多斯北部沙区存在着极为显著的风沙地貌,在此格局基础之上,特别是在植被与土壤的相互响应过程中,二者的相互关系逐渐密切,这种反馈作用使得该区域的植被与土壤要素形成的空间分布格局具有一定的耦合性。研究这种关系可以为该地区保护植被和合理利用土地资源提供科学依据。     

Past, present and future criteria to breed crops for water-limited environments in West Africa

Asia's Green Revolution of the 1960s and 1970s has largely bypassed West Africa, and “modern” (high-yielding, input responsive) germplasm for staple crops has found comparatively little adoption, except for systems that are have good access to markets and sufficient water resources. It is unlikely, however, that breeding objectives conserving traditional crop characteristics as found in extensive systems would have been more successful. The authors identify systems caught in the agricultural transition from subsistence to intensified, market-oriented production as the most important target for crop improvement, and provide examples of new breeding objectives for cowpea, sorghum and upland rice. In each of these cases, breeders, with the help of physiologists, have developed innovative plant-type concepts that combine improved yield potential and input responsiveness with specific traditional crop characteristics that remain essential during the agricultural transition. In the case of cowpea, dual-purpose varieties were developed that produce a good grain yield due to an erect plant habit, then produce new leaves enabling a second harvest of green foliage. For upland rice systems that are limited by labour (mainly needed to control weeds that abound due to shortened fallow periods), a weed competitive plant type was developed from Oryza sativa × Oryza glaberrima crosses. Lastly, sorghum breeders who had previously deselected photoperiod sensitivity are now re-inserting sensitivity into plants having “modern” architecture, in order to allow for flexible sowing dates while maintaining an agro-ecologically optimal time of flowering near the end of the wet season. The ecophysiological basis of these plant types, their place in current and future cropping systems, as well as the problem of under-funding for their realisation, are discussed.     

叶用型沙棘育种研究--“蒙×中”沙棘F1代雄株变异特性与选优标准的研究

通过对蒙古沙棘亚种优良品种与中国沙棘亚种优良类型F1代雄株的变异特性分析,建立了选择优 良单株的标准,为叶用型沙棘选择育种提供了科学依据。