网络环境下专业图书馆外文期刊管理工作的几点策略

阐述了网络环境下外文期刊工作的发展趋势,论述了外文期刊管理中需要重视的几个方面.     

大肠杆菌O157:H7的疫病生态学研究进展及其控制对策

大肠杆菌O157:H7是一种感染剂量低,致病性强,临床上无特效治疗药物的新型肠道致病菌,在世界范围内多次爆发流行,已构成严重的公共卫生问题。对大肠杆菌O157:H7的基本生物学特征,从非生物因素(包括传染源、气候等因素)和生物因素两个方面综述了影响大肠杆菌O157:H7传播的环境因子,最后从病原菌的监测诊断技术、废弃物堆肥处理、加强食品以及饮水安全管理等方面提出了控制大肠杆菌O157:H7的对策,最终为大肠杆菌O157:H7的疫病生态学研究提供了理论基础和参考依据。     

南方山区草地植被理论类型及演替导向的研究

根据生态学的基本原理，通过植被与环境条件互作关系的分析，将我国南方山区草地划分为Ｃ型、Ｃ－Ｓ型、Ｃ－Ｄ－Ｓ型、Ｓ型、Ｓ－Ｄ型和Ｄ型（Ｃ为竞争，Ｓ为压力，Ｄ为干扰）等７个植被理论类型，探讨了这几类草地演替（或改良）的主要导向措施，并提出了“导向演替”和“非导向演替”的概念和意义。     

Strategies for the control of Avena sterilis in winter wheat production systems in central Spain

A bioeconomic model is described and used to investigate the agronomic and economic consequences of using a range of management strategies for the control of winter wild oats (Avena sterilis L.) in cereal cropping systems representative of central Spain. The results of simulations indicated that growing winter wheat continuously with the annual application of herbicides may be the optimum strategy, resulting in acceptable wild oat populations and maximum economic benefits. However, the practice of wheat monoculture was only a valid option as long as herbicides were applied annually: spraying herbicides in alternate years failed to control wild oats adequately and resulted in major economic losses. The rotation of wheat with a fallow year, with no herbicides applied in either of the two years, may be a satisfactory low-cost alternative when wild oat infestation levels are low, but it is not valid when infestation levels are high. The strategy that combines the use of a fallow year with herbicide application in the wheat year resulted in optimum wild oat control and moderate profitability under all conditions. However, the net returns obtained were substantially lower than in the continuous wheat plus herbicide strategy. The sensitivity of the model to variation in various key parameters was tested: wheat yield level and fixed costs were the two parameters that had the largest effect on model output. In general, the effect of changing parameter values was more pronounced in continuous wheat systems than in wheat-fallow rotations     

试论草业优化开发利用的原则

本文在借鉴了国内外有关草业开发利用的经验和实践的基础上,提出了优化开发利用我国草业资源的理论依据、潜力和应遵循的三大原则一效率与效益的原则、生态系统的原则和不同生态系统耦合的原则,并做了进一步分析讨论。这些原则对今后大规模开发利用我国草业资源具有重要指导意义。     

彩叶植物的发展及造景应用

简述彩叶植物的定义、分类和彩叶植物在国内外园林中的发展概况;阐述彩叶植物在造景中应遵循的原则,以及彩叶植物在造景设计中如何选择、运用和处理好背景的问题。     

太湖县油茶产业发展现状及对策

本文分析了太湖县油茶产业发展中存在的问题,提出执行科学规划、培育良种壮苗、延长产业链、加大政策及资金支持、实行典型引路等具体措施,确保油茶产业真正做大做强,达到农民增收,社会经济生态效益相统一的目标。     

Dietary strategies to improve the iron and zinc nutriture of young women following a vegetarian diet

Dietary strategies to enhance the content and bioavailability of iron and zinc in vegetarian diets were compiled. Strategies included increasing promoters and decreasing antagonists of iron and zinc absorption, adopting food preparation and processing methods which hydrolyze the phytate content of cereals and legumes, and using iron cookware. These strategies were used to devise two vegetarian menus based on food consumption patterns derived from three day weighed food records of 78 Canadian lacto-ovo-vegetarian adolescents. The iron and zinc, as well as calcium, phosphorus, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin A, protein and energy content of the devised menus were all higher than the actual intakes and the corresponding Canadian recommended nutrient intakes. Results show the overall nutrient adequacy of the recommended vegetarian menus and indicate that young lacto-vegetarian women can potentially meet their estimated dietary requirements for absorbed iron and zinc through modest modifications to the diet. Laboratory studies designed to measure the total amount of iron and zinc absorbed from these diets by young vegetarian women are needed to verify the efficacy of the devised menus.     

普洱市烤烟主要病虫害监测及防治措施

[目的]掌握普洱市烤烟主要病虫害的发生流行规律和危害特点。[方法]于2006～2008年对普洱市烟区主要病虫害进行了系统观测和大面积普查,并有针对性地提出了防治措施。[结果]烟草花叶病(TMV和CMV)在烟苗移栽10 d后便开始发病危害烟株,6月中旬至7月上旬是危害高峰期;黑胫病在整个大田生育期均有危害,6月底达到危害高峰;青枯病属于区域性病害,5月上旬便开始危害并持续至7月底;赤星病从6月中旬开始零星发生,烟叶进入成熟采烤阶段后发病速度加快,8月中下旬进入发病稳定期;烟蚜发生危害主要集中在5月30日至7月10日,且有2个危害高峰;5月中下旬是烟青虫的始发期,7月上旬达到为害高峰。[结论]普洱市烟草主要病虫害的发生流行、危害时期以及危害程度各不相同,防治应遵循"预防为主,综合防治"的植保方针,采取包括农业防治、生物防治、物理防治、化学防治等的综合防治措施。     

我国饲草重大病虫鼠害研究进展

为全面了解我国饲草重大病虫鼠害分布和危害,充分掌握其传播扩散规律及其造成的重大经济损失,我们系统分析了我国饲草病害、虫害、鼠害等生物灾害危害情况,总结了国内外饲草病虫鼠害防控现状与研究进展,提出了饲草重大生物灾害的防控对策,为保障饲草产业和草牧业健康发展提供理论支撑。此外,本文还总结了我国饲草病虫鼠害的防控难题,为今后饲草病虫鼠害的研究提供了方向。