MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF A MEDULLARY DERMOID CYST WITH SECONDARY HYDROCEPHALUS IN A DOG

Magnetic resonance images were acquired of the brain of a 7-year-old male Golden Retriever with hydrocephalus secondary to a medullary lesion. Images were acquired prior to and 4 weeks following surgical treatment for the hydrocephalus, and the dog was euthanased following the second imaging session. The MR images demonstrated a medullary lesion with patchy but predominantly hyperintense signal with both T1- and T2-weighting, within which small areas of low signal were scattered. There was little edema associated with this lesion and no enhancement with gadolinium. Postmortem examination revealed the medullary mass to be a dermoid cyst. Several small nodular lesions were identified within the central nervous system on the magnetic resonance images whose origin was uncertain on postmortem examination.     

大剂量HCG静注法治疗奶牛卵泡囊肿的试验

我们自１９９６年１月至１９９８年１０月对黑龙江省八五一一农场和八五六农场４６头患有卵泡囊肿的奶牛进行了４种治疗方法的对比试验,试验结果表明：大剂量ＨＣＧ静脉注射组（１２／１５）效果优于ＨＣＧ肌肉注射２０００单位组（４／９）、肌注ＬＨＲ２０００微克组（８／１２）和ＬＨ肌注２００单位组（６／１０）。     

海兰灰蛋鸡患输卵管囊肿对屠宰性能、器官指数、血清生化指标及组织病理学的影响

本试验旨在研究海兰灰蛋鸡患输卵管囊肿对屠宰性能、器官指数、血清生化指标及组织病理学的影响.选取同一饲养环境下的54周龄海兰灰蛋鸡16只,分为对照组(CTR,n=9)和输卵管囊肿组(CFT,n=7)进行屠宰并采集血清样品,测定蛋鸡屠宰性能、器官指数和血清生化等指标.结果表明:1)输卵管囊肿组蛋鸡的活重和屠体重较对照组极显...     

Data envelopment analysis for production efficiency improvement: An empirical application on brine shrimp Artemia franciscana culture in the Mekong Delta,Vietnam

Artemia culture in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam, is becoming more and more important to satisfy the global demands of cyst production. Nevertheless, Artemia cyst productivity in the Mekong Delta has been fluctuating largely due to not only technical inefficiencies and external factors but also farms’ characteristics. This study employed a data envelopment analysis to evaluate the production efficiencies in correlation with biological and cost inputs of Artemia culture in Vinh Chau and Bac Lieu located in the Mekong Delta. The key factors affecting technical efficiency (TE) were determined using ordinary least squares regression model. The empirical results indicated that production efficiencies of farms in Vinh Chau and Bac Lieu were similar with metatechnology ratios of 0.97 and 0.96 respectively. About 62.8% of surveyed farms were operating in technically inefficient circumstances. Farmers’ experience, educational level and culture technique training participation had positive effects on TE, while climate effects and water problems have been proved to have negative effects on TE. To improve production efficiency, inefficient farms are suggested to have moderately increasing combinations of organic fertilizer, chemical and feed. The use of probiotics should be reduced as it increases production cost and affects TE. Notably, a collaboration of scientists and feed processing companies is recommended to produce a specific formulated feed for Artemia in commercial scales. This study also proposes adaptive policies for local governments and cooperatives to assist coastal famers in the Mekong Delta overcome technical inefficiencies, improve cyst productivity and obtain economic sustainability in Artemia culture.     

Chemical mutagenesis and soybean mutants potential for identification of novel genes conferring resistance to soybean cyst nematode

The resistance of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines Ichinohe), which is a devastating pathogen in soybean production and causes a large quantity of annual yield loss worldwide, can shift during the long-term interaction and domestication. It is vital to identify more new resistance genetic sources for identification of novel genes underlying resistance to SCN for management of this pathogen. In the present study, first, two ethane methylsulfonate-mutagenesis soybean M2 populations of PI 437654, which shows a broad resistance to almost all of SCN races, and Zhonghuang 13, which is a soybean cultivar in China conferring strong resistance to lodging, were developed. Many types of morphological phenotypes such as four- and five-leaflet leaves were observed from these two soybean M2 populations. Second, 13 mutants were identified and confirmed to exhibit alteration of resistance to SCN race 4 through the forward genetic screening of 400 mutants of the PI 437654 M2 population, the rate of mutants with alteration of SCN-infection phenotype is 3.25%. Third, these identified mutants were further verified not to show any changes in the genomic sequences of the three known SCN-resistant genes, GmSHMT08, GmSNAP18 and GmSANP11, compared to the wild-type soybean; and all of them were still resistant to SCN race 3 similar to the wild-type soybean. Taken together, we can conclude that the 13 mutants identified in the present study carry the mutations of the new gene(s) which contribute(s) to the resistance to SCN race 4 in PI 437654 and can be potentially used as the genetic soybean sources to further identify the novel SCN-resistant gene(s).     

诱导大豆抗胞囊线虫病和根腐病的生防细菌研究

[目的]筛选诱导大豆抗胞囊线虫病和根腐病的生防细菌,挖掘高效的新型微生物代谢物种衣剂。[方法]从诱导抗性角度,以大豆胞囊线虫和大豆根腐病菌为靶标,通过对2 400株细菌发酵液包衣大豆种子处理、大田和温室盆栽试验,筛选诱导大豆抗胞囊线虫病和根腐病的生防细菌。[结果]获得Sneb152、Sneb572、Sneb877、Sneb1076、Sneb1401和Sneb1499共6株对病原物具有诱抗活性的生防细菌,6株生防细菌均可诱导大豆抗胞囊线虫病,抑制率超过74.98%,且能显著促进大豆生长,增产效果明显;菌株Sneb572和Sneb1076对大豆根腐病也有一定防效。[结论]优良诱抗生防菌株Sneb572和Sneb1076用于处理大豆种子前景广阔。     

A new pathotype characterization of Daxing and Huangyuan populations of cereal cyst nematode(Heterodera avenae) in China

The cereal cyst nematode(CCN, Heteroder aavenae) causes serious yield loss on cereal crops, especially wheat, worldwide. Daxing population in Beijing City and Huangyuan population in Qinghai Province, China, are two CCN populations. In this study, the CCN pathotypes of Daxing and Huangyuan populations were characterized by tests on 23 standard "International Test Assortment" with the local species Wenmai 19 as the susceptible control. Tested materials were grouped by three nematode populations' virulence on resistant genes(Rha1, Rha2, Rha3, Cre1) and nonresistant genes, varieties and lines. Both Daxing and Huangyuan populations were avirulent to Ortolan(Ha1). Barley cvs. Ortolan, Siri, Morocco, Bajo Aragon 1-1, and Martin 403-2 were all resistant to both populations. Cultivars Herta, Harlan 43 and wheat Iskamish-K-2-light were all susceptible to Huangyuan population, all of them, however, were resistant to Daxing population. The other five oats were all resistant to the two tested CCN populations. Except Iskamisch K-2-light, all the other wheat cultivars(Capa, Loros×Koga, AUS 10894, and Psathias) were susceptible to Daxing population. Because the pathotypes of the two tested CCN populations in Beijing and Qinghai were not identical to any of the 13 pathotypes previously characterized by the test assortment, we classified Daxing and Huangyuan populations as the new pathotypes, named Ha91.     

甘肃省高寒草原牧草孢囊线虫的鉴定

2013年8月下旬,对甘肃天祝高寒草甸草原孢囊线虫发生情况进行调查,从嵩草和矮嵩草根部和根际土样中分离得到孢囊线虫。通过对孢囊和孢囊阴门锥的形态观察,初步鉴定为禾谷孢囊线虫(Heterodera avenae)。其特征为孢囊浅褐色,阔柠檬形,阴门锥双膜孔,未见阴门下桥,泡状突明显。利用通用引物AB28和TW81对其群体rDNA-ITS区进行PCR扩增和序列测定,得到ITS区序列长度为1045 bp。将所测得序列在Genbank和Blast上比对,结果显示,此禾谷孢囊线虫群体与H. avenae群体相似度达99%~100%。进一步证实寄生于甘肃天祝高寒草甸草原嵩草和矮嵩草的孢囊线虫均为H. avenae,这是首次报道莎草科嵩草和矮嵩草也是禾谷孢囊线虫的寄主。