Comparison of blind intubation and a smartphone-based endoscope-assisted intubation in rabbits

ObjectiveTo compare between blind and smartphone-based endoscope-assisted techniques for endotracheal intubation in rabbits.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsA total of 34 rabbits.MethodsRabbits were assigned to four groups: intubation by a veterinary anesthesiologist (VA) or an exotic pet medicine specialist (EPS) using blind or endoscope-assisted techniques. Propofol dose, number of attempts until successful intubation, total time for intubation, duration of the successful attempt and occurrence of lingual cyanosis/laryngeal lesions were recorded. Data were analyzed by t test, Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test or chi-square test. Pearson correlation for body weight was performed.ResultsThe success rate of blind intubation was 88.9% and 77.8% for VA and EPS, respectively. Propofol dose, total and median number of attempts, total time for intubation and duration of the successful attempt were 3.1 (0–6.2) mg kg^–1, 19, 2 (1–5), 79 ± 65 and 30 ± 20 seconds for VA and 1.5 (0–4.5) mg kg^–1, 24, 3 (1–5), 136 ± 92 and 38 ± 16 seconds for EPS. The success rate of endoscope-assisted intubation was 87.5% for both operators. Propofol dose, total and median number of attempts, total time for intubation and duration of the successful attempt were 2.5 (1.3–7.4) mg kg^–1, 22, 3 (1–5), 170 (65–368) and 46 (22–150) seconds for VA and 3.2 (0–6) mg kg^–1, 11, 1 (1–4), 56 (27–432) and 55 (26–79) seconds for EPS. VA performed blind intubation more quickly, propofol dose was lower and cyanosis was less frequent than in the endoscope-assisted group.Conclusions and clinical relevanceBoth techniques were reliable for rabbit endotracheal intubation. Best results were achieved when the operator was experienced in the technique. The smartphone-based endoscope is a useful aid for rabbit intubation.     

厦门市翔安区新农村绿化

文章针对当前农村绿化的现状,提出新时期新农村绿化的应当结合当地的自然人文景观,改善人居环境,突出当地特色;同时要多方筹措资金,进行规划,加强管护,确保绿化质量。       

Growth and mortality of the narrowbarred Spanish Mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède), in Omani waters

Length composition data from quarterly catches of Omani narrowband Spanish mackerel, Scomberomorus commerson (Lacepède), landed between 1987 and 1995 were used to estimate the growth, mortality and exploitation parameters of the stock. Non-linear least square fitting provided a complete set of von Bertalanffy growth estimates: L _∞ = 173.6 cm fork length; K  = 0.28; and t ₀ = −0.86 years. There were no seasonal differences among the growth estimates. The instantaneous natural mortalities determined by three independent methods based on life-history parameters were 0.35, 0.64 and 0.77. Seasonal total mortalities were calculated by the length converted catch curve method for evaluating seasonal exploitation ratios ( E ). The E -values exceeded 0.4, indicating overexploitation during almost all the seasons studied. This was supported by the large reduction in the total landings of S . commerson from 27 762 t in 1988 to 3265 t in 1993.     

Genetic background of CTX‐M‐15‐producing Enterobacter hormaechei ST114 and Citrobacter freundii ST265 co‐infecting a free‐living green turtle (Chelonia mydas)

CTX‐M‐type extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)‐producing Enterobacteriaceae have become identified in marine ecosystem constituting a serious ecological issue. In this respect, although contamination of coastal waters and seafood, and even colonization of seabirds and fishes have been increasingly reported, molecular data are lacking to elucidate the clinical impact of ESBL producers in infected marine animals. In this study, using a genomic approach, we have analysed the genetic background of CTX‐M‐15‐producing Enterobacter hormaechei (belonging to the international human clone ST114) and Citrobacter freundii (ST265) co‐infecting a free‐living green turtle (Chelonia mydas) suffering from septic arthritis, which progressed to generalized coelomitis and death. Wide resistome of these pathogens contributed to treatment failure and death of the animal.     

基于nanoUPLC-MS/MS的螺旋藻游离肽组成分析

为了研究螺旋藻中的多肽成分,以钝顶螺旋藻为原料,采用超滤法提取螺旋藻中的游离肽,利用nanoUPLC-MS/MS和PEAKS Studio分析谱图信息,结合NCBI数据库进行比对和从头测序分析,获得游离肽的结构组成和百分含量信息。结果表明,利用数据库比对法和从头测序法,分别得到可信的游离肽4 485个和20 597个,匹配到的蛋白质有1 036种。数据库比对结果中的游离肽主要为七肽到二十一肽,少量为二十一肽以上;从头测序结果中游离肽主要为二肽到十六肽,少量为十六肽以上。数据库比对结果中百分含量最高的游离肽是十肽,为15.95%;从头测序结果中百分含量最高的是五肽,达到24.09%。本研究结果为螺旋藻蛋白资源的进一步开发和利用提供了依据。     

实广义正定矩阵的若干性质

矩阵∈AR~(n×n)称为实广义正定矩阵,如果对任意非零向量 X∈R~n,有XTAX>0成立。本文讨论了矩阵的kronecker积。Hadamard积和矩阵乘积的正定性,给出相应一些性质。     

2010-2016年四川省食品动物源大肠杆菌的耐药性研究

【目的】了解2010-2016年四川省食品动物源大肠杆菌产超广谱β内酰胺酶(ESBLs)情况及其耐药基因的变迁。【方法】以2010―2016年收集的444株食品动物源大肠杆菌(鸡源225株,猪源219株)为对象,采用纸片扩散法和微量肉汤稀释法分别检测其产ESBLs情况和药物敏感性;采用PCR测序法和脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)检测携带ESBLs菌株的基因型特征和部分菌株的亲缘关系。【结果】444株大肠杆菌中,产ESBLs菌株的检出率为27.7%,其中鸡源菌和猪源菌检出率分别为42.2%和12.8%。2010-2016年产ESBLs菌株从16.9%升高至40.4%,鸡源菌株ESBLs检出率随时间变化比猪源菌更明显;ESBLs阳性菌株对大多数药物的耐药率显著高于阴性菌株,且多重耐药性问题更严重;产ESBLs菌株携带的耐药基因以bla_TEM和bla_CTX-M为主,并以bla_TEM-1(63.3%)、bla_TEM-52(32.1%)、bla_CTX-M-55(42.2%)、bla_CTX-M-65(27.8%)和bla_CTX-M-14(21.1%)为主要流行亚型,且检出率及ESBLs基因亚型复杂性呈逐年上升趋势;ESBLs阳性菌株有广泛PFGE谱型,即便携带相同基因型的菌株也不存在亲缘关系。【结论】四川食品动物源大肠杆菌产ESBLs菌株检出率及其耐药基因亚型的复杂程度呈逐年上升趋势,ESBLs是造成多重耐药性的主要原因,ESBLs耐药基因以水平传播为主。     

基于水温对肉牛生长性能影响的冬季恒温饮水系统优选

为缓解西北地区拴系肉牛在冬季产生的冷应激,提高肉牛生长性能,研究根据连通器原理设计恒温饮水系统,为牛只提供温水。试验选取西门塔尔牛作为试验牛,对饮水器内水温、肉牛的饮水行为、生理以及日增质量进行测定。试验结果表明:恒温饮水系统能为处理组牛只提供17.69℃的温水,处理组牛的日增质量为1.53 kg/(d·头),较对照组提高0.36 kg/(d·头),差异极显著(P0.01)。在处理组中,牛只饮用16~18℃的温水表现出更多的饮水次数和更好的增重效果(日增质量达到(1.69±0.44)kg/(d·头))。饮水后牛只瘤胃处体表温度处理组比对照组高3.29℃,差异极显著(P0.01)。结果表明,在拴系肉牛舍中采用这种恒温饮水系统能够有效改善肉牛因冬季饮用冷水造成的冷应激,并能显著提高肉牛生长性能,具有技术和经济可行性。     

先进安全车(ASV)技术的现状与发展

先进安全车(ASV,AdvancedSafetyVehicle)是为21世纪开发使用的一种高度智能化的安全车,其主要利用电子技术进一步提高汽车的安全性能。因而,汽车安全性的研究与开发已成为汽车行业发展的主要方向。为此,介绍了先进安全车(ASV)技术的现状,并讨论了这项技术的发展趋势。     

Pathological and phylogenetic features of prevalent canine distemper viruses in wild masked palm civets in Japan

Ten wild masked palm civets infected with canine distemper virus (CDV), captured in Japan from 2005 to 2007, were histopathologically and phylogenetically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis based on the amino acid sequences of the H protein of two CDV isolates from masked palm civets revealed that the two isolates were classified into the clade of recent isolates in Japan. Histopathologically marked lesions of virus encephalitis were present in the brain, whereas gastrointestinal lesions were absent or at a mild degree. The distribution of the lesions resembles that of recent CDV cases in dogs. Therefore, recent CDV infections in masked palm civets could be caused by recently prevalent CDV in dogs. The possibility of the masked palm civet as a spreader of CDV among wildlife is also discussed.