Morphometrical approach for predicting regional lymph node micrometastatic load in canine mast cell tumours: preliminary results

Canine cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs) have a variable biologic behaviour, and accurate staging is necessary to dictate therapy and predict outcome. Regional lymph node (RLN) involvement is a relevant prognostic factor. While obvious lymph node (LN) metastases are relatively easy to be diagnosed, micrometastatic disease recognition is challenging. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the number of mast cells (MCs) in the LNs of clinically healthy dogs ( n = 4, group 1), dogs with inflammatory diseases ( n = 31, group 2) and dogs with cutaneous MCT ( n = 27, group 3), including animals with no RLN metastases (subgroup 3.1), those with occasional MCs in RLNs (3.2) and those with obvious RLN metastasis (3.3). MCs also were morphometrically evaluated for the following nuclear parameters: mean nuclear area (MNA), mean nuclear perimeter (MNP), largest to smallest diameter length (LS ratio), mean nuclear form factor and coefficient of variation of nuclear area. The average percentages of MCs were 0.0 and 0.01 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, and 0.07, 2.4 and 47.1 in subgroup 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3. MNA and MNP were significantly higher in subgroup 3.3 than in group 2 ( P < 0.05). MNA and MNP in subgroup 3.2 suggested the presence of neoplastic MCs; this prediction of micrometastatic load correlated with outcome. Analysis of preliminary results shows that nuclear morphometry is useful to detect micrometastatic disease in RLN of dogs bearing cutaneous MCTs.     

The role of sentinel lymph node mapping in small animal veterinary medicine: A comparison with current approaches in human medicine

The relevance of regional lymph node (LN) assessment to quantify the metastatic spread of cancer is well recognized in veterinary oncology. Evaluation of LNs is critical for tumour staging. However, sampling the correct LN may not be possible without sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping. Methods for diagnostic imaging and intraoperative detection of SLNs are well established in human medicine, in particular, the combination of lymphoscintigraphy and intraoperative application of blue dyes. Nevertheless, alternative imaging techniques are available and have gained increasing interest. Successful implementation of these techniques in dogs have been reported in both clinical and experimental studies. This review aims to provide an overview of SLN mapping techniques in human and veterinary medicine.     

The sonographic evaluation of lymph nodes

Ultrasound can be used to detect and evaluate both normal and abnormal lymph nodes, as well as aid in biopsy sampling procedures, an important part of staging procedures in cancer patients. Several parameters can be evaluated using ultrasound; lymph node size, margins, echogenicity, echopattern (echotexture), acoustic transmission, presence and distribution of vascular flow, and vascular flow indices. The most diagnostically helpful include the short/long axis ratio of the lymph node, the pattern of distribution of the blood vessels within the lymph node, and to some extent the resistive and pulsatility indices. This review discusses the use of ultrasound for detecting, evaluating, and sampling peripheral, abdominal and thoracic lymph nodes in small animals.     

Rooting ability of Leucaena leucocephala stem cuttings

Single-node leafy and leafless cuttings harvested from one-year-old, 1.3 to 1.5 m tall Leucaena leucocephala seedlings were successfully rooted in a non-mist propagator which is suitable for use in the rural tropics. Cuttings with a leaf attached rooted more successfully than those without a leaf (71% and 39% respectively) and clones differed significantly (43% to 71%). There was also a clear pattern in rooting ability of cuttings collected sequentially down the main stem. Cuttings rooted most successfully when taken from node five to 13, counting from the apex; this was the region where internodes were longest (64 to 109 mm) of moderate diameter (2.9 to 5.5 mm) and all cuttings had a leaf attached. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

云南4种典型材用丛生竹的化学成分

对竹材的１０种化学成分分析的结果认为：云南龙竹、甜龙竹、黄竹和油勒竹这４种典型材用丛生竹种间的化学成分无显著差异,且不因竹段位置不同而存在显著差异;４种丛生竹的各项抽提物含量、蜡含量和二氧化硅含量较一般木材高。表明：这４种丛生竹材的各部位都可作竹人造板,特别是重组型竹人造板的原料;但须从化学成分角度上考虑相应的工艺措施     

有限元法在材料力学中的应用

有限元法在工程技术的领域得到了广泛的应用,它是一种利用固体理论基础的数值分析方法,本文主要探讨有限元法在材料力学中的应用。     

麻竹出笋和高生长规律的研究

１９９５年５至１０月, 麻竹中心分布区福建省毕安县对麻竹出笋和高生长规律进行的试验研究结果表明,采用有序样本的聚类分析方法,可将麻竹出笋过程和高生长过程定量地划分为３个时期：初期、盛期和末期。出笋盛期的笋量占全期的５７．４８％,个体平均质量１．２６ｋｇ,高生长盛期生长量占全高的８１．１２％,日平均生长量为２０．４４ｃｍ;麻竹高生长过程可用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ和Ｒｉｃｈａｒｄｓ曲线模拟,相关系数较高,最     

节点式渗灌温室黄瓜适宜灌水控制下限的研究

以温室栽培小区节点式渗灌灌溉试验的方法,研究黄瓜生育前期和后期不同灌水控制下限对黄瓜田间耗水量、作物产量以及水分利用效率的影响,灌水控制上限为田间持水率,计划湿润层的湿润比为0.7。结果表明,灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值与灌水量、黄瓜产量和水分利用效率的数量关系可用二元二次方程表达;黄瓜前、后2个生育期灌水控制下限土壤水吸力值分别为20 kPa及35 kPa时,可实现节水、高产和高效的同步提高。     

墨西哥锡那罗亚引种麻竹:应对气候变化的粮食安全战略

墨西哥锡那罗亚是拉丁美洲最重要的粮食生产区。2009年以来,霜冻和大风不断袭击该区,造成作物减产25%,损毁作物17万hm²,每年损失粮食折合5亿美元。在锡那罗亚州,引种麻竹作为一种主要的经济作物,可以弥补因气候变化导致的粮食损失,并可为墨西哥西北部地区增加17万hm²的竹林。麻竹鲜笋亦可销往墨西哥其他地区、美国南部和中美洲各国。文章旨在阐述当前气候变化背景下竹子资源为人类带来巨大效益的潜力,并可进行商业性生产。在中国的大力帮助下,在墨西哥设计建立了一个竹子商业性生产的试验项目,以此说明竹子在提高人们生活质量方面的潜力。总之,竹子及其相关产业的社会经济价值会极大地影响墨西哥锡那罗亚人们的生活方式。     

不同灌水条件下地下渗灌试验研究

地下渗灌是一种理想滴灌方式,由于关键技术没有很好解决,至今发展面积很小。针对这一问题,提出本试验研究。该试验是在实验室内的一个50cm×30cm×60cm的有机玻璃槽中进行,所用的土都是黏壤土。试验采用地下节点渗灌的方法。对试验所得的数据进行分析,得出地下渗灌的湿润锋运移基本规律、土壤含水率的分布规律,并在不同灌水量条件下对湿润锋的影响等进行了初步探讨。