早熟优质西瓜新品种‘兴桂3号’的选育

‘兴桂3号’是以‘TZS-e’为母本、‘LPCS-a’为父本育成的早熟优质有籽西瓜新品种。该品种全生育期春季栽培80-87 d,秋季栽培60-66 d,果实发育期25-28 d。果实短椭圆形,果皮青绿色覆深绿色清晰宽条带。果皮厚度0.7-1.0 cm,不易裂瓜,抗压及耐贮运性好。瓜瓤鲜红色,瓤质细嫩、实脆,清甜爽口,中心可溶性固形物含量11.5%以上。单果质量2.0-3.5 kg,露地栽培每667 m2产量2 000-2 500 kg,大棚栽培每667 m^2产量2 500-3 200 kg。大棚和露地均适宜栽培。2013年6月通过广西农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号：桂审瓜2013017号。     

奥利亚罗非鱼DMO cDNA的分离和克隆

采用RTPCR和RACE法分离和测定了奥利亚罗非鱼DMOcDNA的全序列。得到1571bp[不含poly(A)]的全长cDNA,包括148bp5’非翻译区,1230bp阅读框以及含Poly(A)信号AATAAA的193bp3’非翻译区[不包括Poly(A)]。阅读框共编码409氨基酸,与尼罗罗非鱼DMO编码的氨基酸序列进行比较,同源性为96.3%,表明DMO在同一物种中差别较小。而与尼罗罗非鱼,红鳍东方豚,虹鳟,青鱼将,鼠,人等动物的DMRT1编码的氨基酸序列进行比较,同源性分别为:25.7%,25.8%,24.3%,29.7%,22.5%,22.0%,这说明DMO和DMRT1可能是两个不同的基因。     

Paraoxonase activity as a tool for clinical monitoring of dogs treated for canine leishmaniasis

This study was designed to determine if the activity of paraoxonase (PON1), an antioxidant enzyme that works as a negative acute phase reactant, is a better predictor for the clinical recovery of leishmaniotic dogs receiving standard treatments compared with inflammatory markers such as C reactive protein (CRP) and electrophoretic fractions. For this purpose we tested 20 healthy dogs (controls) and 39 leishmaniotic dogs classified as sick (group A, n = 23) or severely sick (group B, n = 16) and tested at admission and after 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days.At admission, CRP and electrophoresis were altered in both groups, while PON1 activity was abnormal only in group B. There were no differences related to the outcome (mortality, complications or time of recovery). PON1 activity normalized in about 2 weeks in dogs that had abnormal values at admission and a final positive outcome; CRP normalized in 4–6 weeks and electrophoretic fractions were still altered after 6 weeks. The results show that, at admission, inflammatory markers did not predict the outcome of leishmaniasis. PON1 activity decreased only in some dogs with systemic inflammation but not in those with mild leishmaniasis: when decreased, PON1 normalized earlier than other markers in dogs that responded to treatment. This finding most likely depends on the rapid decrease in oxidative phenomena. PON1 activity should therefore be tested on admission: if low values are recorded, severe inflammation may be suspected and PON1 measurement may be repeated during treatment to early identify responsive dogs.     

鸭多巴胺受体D1基因CDS区多态性与生长性状的关联性分析简

本研究采用PCR-SSCP法与DNA直接测序技术相结合对兴义鸭和樱桃谷鸭多巴胺受体D1 (dopamine receptor D1,DRD1)基因编码序列(coding sequence,CDS)区130－587 bp区域的多态性进行检测,并分析其多态性对樱桃谷鸭生长性状的影响。结果表明,在樱桃谷鸭和兴义鸭DRD1基因编码区130－587 bp区域内均检测到3种基因型：AA、BB和AB,2个等位基因：A和B;AA基因型均为优势基因型,频率分别为0.7416和0.5643,等位基因A均为优势等位基因,频率分别是0.8539和0.7204;多态信息含量分别为0.2184和0.3217,分别处于低度多态和中度多态位点,樱桃谷鸭群体中该座位基因型分布处于Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P>0.05）,兴义鸭群体则偏离了Hardy-Weinberg平衡（P<0.05）;序列比对发现2个SNPs位点,其中c.189 T＞C为同义突变,c.507 T＞A为错义突变,导致丝氨酸（S）变成精氨酸（R）。关联分析结果显示,BB基因型樱桃谷鸭个体的8周龄重和12周龄体斜长显著高于AB基因型（P<0.05）,10周龄重、12周龄重和12周龄胸深显著高于AA和AB基因型（P<0.05）。研究结果揭示该多态座位可能是影响鸭生长性状的一个标记辅助选择位点。     

亲吻素-1基因对雄性哺乳动物生殖调控的研究进展简

亲吻素-1（Kiss-1）基因参与哺乳动物性腺轴的调节,同时也参与其他生殖功能的调控,作者综述了Kiss-1基因在雄性哺乳动物生殖系统的研究进展,并对该领域今后的研究方向进行了分析。     

Cloning and Sequence Analysis of Major Histocompatibility Complex Ⅰ Gene from Goose F1 of Fast-growth Lines

According to the multiple alignments identified major histocompatibility complex Ⅰ (MHC Ⅰ) gene conserved sequence registered in GenBank from the family ducks (Anatidae) anser waterfowl, a pairs of specific primers for the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines were designed and synthesized by Primer Premier 5.0. Using the genome DNA of goose F1 from fast-growth lines, the target gene fragment was obtained by PCR. To conduct sequencing of the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines and make sequence alignment and analysis of protein structure and function by bioinformatics, and research the characteristics of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 and the physicochemical properties of the protein. Bioinformatics was analyzed the nucleic acid data, deduced amino acid sequence and phylogenetic trees. The result of sequence analysis showed that the fragments of MHCⅠgene of goose F1 from fast-growth lines was 1036 bp in length, which coded 96 amino acids polyprotein. The homology were 93% and 83% with MHC Ⅰ gene and coding sequence of Wulong goose in NCBI respectively. There were 72 different bases sequence and 16 amino acids change. There also was higher homology with other poultry, and existed genetic relationship of Siji goose > chickens > ducks.The homology segment sequences corresponding to the fragments of MHCⅠ gene of goose F1 coded 96 amino acids protein, which molecular weight, PI, positively or negatively charged amino acid, estimated half-life, instability index, aliphatic index and average hydrophobicity were 11.342 ku, 5.32, 14, 17, 2.8 h, 34.92, 42.81, -1.066, respectively, and appeared 9 B cell epitopes, but contained no signal peptide. These results indicated that the protein for hydrophilic non-secreted proteins, had the high immunogenicity. In addition, The protein structure study indicated that alpha-helix, beta-sheet, beta-turn and random coil were 31.25%,16.67%, 14.58% and 37.50%, respectively. There existed amino terminal domain and carboxyl terminal domain in the tertiary structure. Therefore, MHC gene had significant difference between species and populations of individuals by the pathogen pressure in environment, and there were the interaction between polymorphism of MHC molecules and the diversity of antigenic peptide. MHC determined the differences of individual susceptibility to disease, and could be treated as a candidate gene for disease resistance.     

饲粮半胱氨酸水平对獭兔生产性能和SLC1A4基因表达的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中半胱氨酸含量对獭兔生长性能、毛皮品质和SLC1A4基因表达的影响。选取90日龄健康獭兔144只,随机分为4组(每组36个重复,每个重复1只)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(半胱氨酸含量为0.25%),试验组饲喂半胱氨酸含量分别为0.60%、0.70%和0.80%的试验饲粮(在基础饲粮中分别添加0.35%、0.45%和0.55%半胱氨酸)。预饲期7d,正饲期40d。试验期间每隔10d,每组随机屠宰4只獭兔,取样测定皮毛品质和SLC1A4基因表达。结果表明:(1)饲粮半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组末重和平均日增重显著提高(P0.05);料重比显著降低(P0.05);四个组间平均日采食量差异不显著(P0.05)。(2)饲粮半胱氨酸水平为0.60%和0.70%的试验组饲喂到130日龄时皮张面积显著增大(P0.05);三个试验组獭兔在100日龄时被毛密度均显著大于对照组(P0.05);半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组被毛密度在130日龄时显著大于其他三个组(P0.05);半胱氨酸对獭兔皮张厚度无显著性影响(P0.05)。(3)饲粮半胱氨酸含量对獭兔皮肤、肝脏和十二指肠组织中SLC1A4基因的表达量影响极显著(P0.01)。SLC1A4基因的表达量均呈现先增高后降低的趋势,饲粮中半胱氨酸水平为0.70%的试验组达到最高值。这一趋势在皮肤组织中、肝脏和十二指肠组织中分别于110日龄和100日龄时表现得较为显著。由此可见,獭兔饲粮中半胱氨酸的最优水平为0.70%,且在110日龄前使用效果最佳。     

Effects of different dietary energy and protein levels and sex on growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus x Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle

Background：The experiment evaluated the effect of nutrition levels and sex on the growth performance,carcass characteristics and meat quality of F1 Angus × Chinese Xiangxi yellow cattle.Methods：During the background period of 184 d,23 steers and 24 heifers were fed the same ration,then put into a2×2×2 factorial arrangement under two levels of- dietary energy（TON：70/80%DM）,protein（CP：11.9/14.3%DM）and sex（S：male/female） during the finishing phase of 146 d.The treatments were-（1） high energy/low protein（HELP）,（2） high energy/high protein（HEHP）,（3） low energy/low protein（LELP） and（4） low energy/high protein（LEHP）.Each treatment used 6 steers and 6 heifers,except for HELP- 5 steers and 6 heifers.Results：Growth rate and final carcass weight were unaffected by dietary energy and protein levels or by sex.Compared with the LE diet group,the HE group had significantly lower dry matter intake（DMI,6.76 vs.7.48 kg DM/d）,greater chest girth increments（46.1 vs.36.8 cm）,higher carcass fat（19.9 vs.16.3%） and intramuscular fat content（29.9 vs.22.8%DM）.The HE group also had improved yields of top and medium top grade commercial meat cuts（39.9 vs.36.5%）.The dressing percentage was higher for the HP group than the LP group（53.4 vs.54.9%）.Steers had a greater length increment（9.0 vs.8.3 cm）,but lower carcass fat content（16.8 vs.19.4%） than heifers.The meat quality traits（shear force value,drip loss,cooking loss and water holding capacity） were not affected by treatments or sex,averaging 3.14 kg,2.5,31.5 and 52.9%,respectively.The nutritive profiles（both fatty and amino acid composition） were not influenced by the energy or protein levels or by sex.Conclusions：The dietary energy and protein levels and sex significantly influenced the carcass characteristics and chemical composition of meat but not thegrowth performance,meat quality traits and nutritive profiles.     

Isolation of a novel hepatic CYP2-related protein from channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus

Channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) have been previously shown to express two major cytochrome P450 (CYP) protein bands that are cross-reactive with anti-CYP2K1 (rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss) antibodies on Western blots. These proteins appear to be the major constitutive CYPs in channel catfish and show distinct sex- and age-specific variations in expression. Because I. punctatus is an important agricultural and ecological commodity, and because it displays a high degree of resistance to the toxic effects of many pesticides, the molecular and catalytic characteristics of its biotransformation systems are of interest to those in areas of environmental science and aquaculture research. Using a chromatographic method similar to that employed in the purification of other fish CYP2 enzymes, a single CYP2-related protein (CM-HA3) was isolated from channel catfish hepatic microsomes. The isolated protein displays a relative molecular mass of approximately 47 kDa, and a CO-reduced difference spectrum _max of 449.6 nm. The sequence of 15 residues at the amino-terminal of CM-HA3 is 27% identical to both CYP2K1 and CYP2M1 isoforms of rainbow trout. Correlational analysis was employed to characterize potential substrates for this isoform, but no significant relationship was observed with E₂ hydroxylation, testosterone hydroxylation, or 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase activities. These data indicate that CM-HA3 is a CYP2 family protein, with as yet uncharacterized substrate specificities.     

春露地越夏长季节辣椒新品种洛研5号的选育

中熟辣椒品种洛研5号是以洛阳地方羊角椒多代选育的自交系L92-7为母本,以洛998经多代定向分离筛选的自交系L05-2为父本配制选育而成的辣椒品种。果实粗长羊角形,果实纵径17.3 cm,果实横径3.4 cm,果肉厚0.32 cm,平均单果质量44.5 g,单株挂果数27.3个,商品成熟期果实黄绿色,果面光亮洁净,商品性好,高产质优。适宜河南春露地越夏长季节栽培。