高校图书馆服务创新之辩析

辩析了高校图书馆的服务创新,探讨了如何进行高校图书馆的服务创新。指出高校图书馆的服务创新必须得到从学校、图书馆、馆员等方面的一致努力,相向而行才能取得预期效果,文章还以与时俱进的原则列举了图书馆服务创新的若干方向。     

Characterization of the bacterial community associated with early‐developmental stages of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Bacterial communities in eggs and larvae of grass carp were analysed. During the early‐developmental stages, grass carp harboured five bacterial phyla, i.e. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes and Firmicutes. However, the composition of bacterial communities varied among the different developmental stages. In eggs, the bacterial communities were dominated by Proteobacteria, while in larvae the dominant bacterial community was Bacterioidetes. With the exception of a large proportion (>50%) of uncultured bacteria, Sphingobacterium (14.75%) and Acinetobacter (13.11%) were the most abundant groups in eggs at the fertilization stage (FS). However, Aermonas was the most abundant group, ranging from 40.54% to 61.76% in eggs at the cleavage (CS), blastula (BS), organ differentiation (ODS) and hatching stages (HS). In larvae after first ingestion (OW), Chitinophagaceae (79.41%) formed the predominant bacterial community. Changes in the bacterial community were further confirmed by statistical analysis, which demonstrated significant differences in the bacterial communities of eggs at FS, eggs from CS to HS and OW. However, no significant difference was found in bacterial communities of eggs from CS to HS. Furthermore, the present study revealed that bacteria related to Chitinophagaceae persisted from CS to OW, suggesting that these bacteria form part of the autochthonous microbiota of the fish.     

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae: chemical control,resistance mechanisms and possible alternatives

Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is a Gram‐negative bacterium that causes the bacterial canker of both green (Actinidia deliciosa) and yellow (Actinidia chinensis) fleshed kiwifruit. Since the emergence of an economically devastating Psa outbreak in Japan in the 1980s, the disease took a contagious turn causing severe economic loss to kiwifruit industries in Italy, South Korea, Spain, New Zealand and other countries. Research shows that the pathogenic strains isolated from different infected orchards vary in their virulence characteristics and have distinct genes coding for the production of different toxins. The global Psa outbreak has activated research around the world on developing efficient strategies to contain the pandemic and minimize loss to the kiwifruit industry. Chemical and biological control options, orchard management and breeding programmes are being employed in this global effort. Synergy between different disease control strategies has been recognized as important. Phytotoxicity, resistance development and regulatory measures in certain countries restrict the use of copper compounds and antibiotics, which are otherwise the mainstay chemicals against bacterial plant diseases. Therefore, because of the limitations of existing chemicals, it is important to develop novel chemical controls against Psa. Antimicrobial peptides, which are attractive alternatives to conventional antibiotics, have found promising applications in plant disease control and could contribute to expanding the chemical control tool box against Psa. This review summarizes all chemical compounds trialled so far against Psa and provides thoughts on the development of antimicrobial peptides as potential solutions for the future.     

应用抑制性消减杂交技术从枳中筛选根特异表达基因

为筛选分离植物根组织特异表达基因,以枳根RNA为试验组,叶RNA为驱动组,构建了枳根消减文库。从该消减文库中共获得有效序列1 177个,其片段长度主要分布在200 ~ 500 bp;序列拼接后得到455个非重复序列,其中245个与已知基因匹配,具有结合功能、催化活性和转运活性等生物学功能,可参与植物的代谢、细胞生长、个体发育、应激反应等生物学过程。实时定量PCR检测结果显示这些基因中的主要乳液蛋白、早期结瘤素样蛋白和贝壳杉烯酸氧化酶等基因在根中高表达。     

转AcAMP-sn基因抗全蚀病小麦新种质的创制与鉴定

抗菌肽是一类具有广谱抗菌性的小分子多肽,在植物防卫反应中起着重要作用。本研究人工合成了洋葱抗菌肽基因AcAMP-sn,利用基因重组技术构建了该基因的单子叶植物表达载体pAHC25::AcAMP-sn,使AcAMP-sn基因的表达受玉米Ubiqutin启动子控制。采用基因枪介导法,将AcAMP-sn基因导入小麦品种扬麦18,利用PCR、半定量RT-PCR及荧光实时定量RT-PCR检测、分析转基因小麦T0~T4代目的基因及其表达量,并对转基因植株进行全蚀病的抗性鉴定。PCR检测结果表明,导入的AcAMP-sn基因能够在转基因小麦中遗传。与受体扬麦18相比,在5个转基因小麦T4代株系中,AcAMP-sn基因的表达量及全蚀病抗性均显著提高,且全蚀病菌的相对含量明显下降,说明AcAMP-sn基因的过表达可以增强转基因小麦对全蚀病的抗性。     

对高校图书采购招标几个问题的思考

分析了高校图书采购招标存在的几个问题,并提出了改进图书招标工作的几点建议。     

高校图书馆为科技型中小企业发展服务的探讨与实践——以天津外国语大学图书馆提供信息援助服务为例

以高校图书馆提高为社会服务能力为出发,以学科馆员专业水平为基础,为科技型中小企业的创新发展提供服务,从而满足它们对专业知识的诉求,提高高校图书馆信息资源的社会利用率。创造有益和谐发展的社会效益,促进社会信息服务均等化。     

紫茎泽兰cDNA文库的构建及RuBP羧化酶基因的筛选

采用SMART技术首次构建了高质量的紫茎泽兰cDNA文库。经过涂平板测定和酶切反应鉴定表明,原始文库的滴度为1.23×107 cfu/mL,重组率达98 %,插入片段平均大小在900 bp左右,采用涂平板均匀扩增得到的扩增文库滴度达到了1×1012,覆盖率达99 %以上。利用该文库筛选得到了紫茎泽兰核酮糖二磷酸羧化酶(RuBP羧化酶)cDNA片段。     

学习型组织与学习型图书馆

"学习型组织"是企业电子商务转型研究的重要内容,也是近年来对企业管理产生重要影响的现代企业管理理论之一。笔者从学习型组织的内涵、建立学习型图书馆的意义与必要性、建立学习型图书馆的理论思考,分析了把图书馆建成学习型组织的可行性。笔者认为通过自我超越、改进心智模式、建立共同愿景、团体学习和系统思考这五项修炼可以把图书馆转变成新型学习型图书馆,顺应信息环境与信息技术日益发展变化的时代。