60Co-γ和EMS诱变“天隆一号”突变体库变异特征的初步分析

为培育新的适应长江流域气候类型的大豆品种,利用60Co-γ射线和EMS分别对大豆天隆一号的种子进行诱变处理,构建大豆突变体库。对350份有表型变异的株系进行连续两年田间鉴定,运用60对SSR标记进行分子检测,并对籽粒表型变化明显的突变株进行苯基丙酸类代谢主要酶qPCR分析。结果表明:350份材料中有145份在株高、叶形、花色、种皮色、结荚习性等方面有稳定可见的表型变异,101份材料中检测到与野生型天隆一号存在至少1个SSR位点差异,其中M3-SD-1与M3-SD-2有超过10个标记的差异。SSR分析表明,表型发生变异的突变体主要是由DNA变化引起的,且突变体发生了多位点变异,突变位点也彼此不同。qPCR检测结果显示,种皮色、脐色等发生突变的3个材料苯基丙酸类代谢途径中关键基因的表达量发生显著变化。研究结果既可以为大豆品种改良提供新的种质资源,也有助于大豆功能基因组的研究。     

中国野生和栽培大豆11S及7S蛋白质相对含量的比较分析

大豆种质蛋白质11S和7S及其亚基组相对含量的遗传变异是专用型品种选育的基础.以全国各生态区的野生豆138份和地方品种409份,国内育成品种148份、国外育成品种83份,合计778份大豆种质为材料.采用SDS-PAGE电泳技术测定蛋白质11S和7S组分及其亚基组相对含量,研究其遗传变异.在南京同一条件下的结果表明:全国野生豆、地方品种和育成品种11S相对含量平均分别为54.7%、64.8%和71.7%,变幅28.8%～82.6%、38.8%～79.4%和48.2%～88.9%;7S相对含量平均分别为44.7%、34.9%和27.9%,变幅20.6%～71.2%、20.6%～61.1%和15.7%～47.8%;11S/7S比值平均分别为1.4、2.0和2.7,变幅0.4～3.9、0.6～3.9和0.9～4.0.野生豆驯化为栽培豆并经选育后11S相对含量和11S/7S比值上升,7S相对含量下降,变幅均减小;亚基组11S-2和11S-3相对含量增加;7S的6个亚基组,尤其7S-1和7S-6,相对含量下降.11S、7S、11S/7S以及各亚基组在各群体各生态区内均有较大变异,但与来源地纬度、蛋白质和油脂含量均无显著相关.从中优选到11S/7S比值大于3.7、11S相对含量为78.9%～88.9%的8份种质,发现有11S的4个亚基组相对含量分别大于37%、7S的6个亚基组相对含量分别大于24%、以及11S-1和7S的6个亚基组缺失的种质,这些特异种质可供蛋白质组分育种利用.     

Isolation and Analysis of the Promoter of OsRacD from Photoperiod Sensitive Genic Male Sterile Rice

The photoperiod sensitive genic male sterile (PSGMS) rice Nongken 58S, was discovered as a spontaneous mutant in Hubei Province by Mr. Shi Ming-song in 1973 [1]. It showed the characteristics of photoperiod fertility conversion (PFC), i.e. being sterile under long-day treatment but fertile under short-day treatment, and became the typical material for studying the molecular mechanism of genic male sterile induced by photoperiod, and also for studying the photoperiod-regulating expression …     

An economically based evaluation index for perennial and short‐term ryegrasses in New Zealand dairy farm systems

Grazed pastures based on ryegrass species provide most of the feed for dairy cattle in New Zealand. There are many cultivars of perennial (Lolium perenne), annual and Italian (L. multiflorum), and hybrid (L. boucheanum) ryegrasses available for dairy farmers to use in pasture renewal. This study describes an index which ranks ryegrass cultivars relative to a genetic base according to the estimated economic value (EV) of seasonal dry matter (DM) traits. A farm system model was used to derive EVs (Grazed pastures based on ryegrass species provide most of the feed for dairy cattle in New Zealand. There are many cultivars of perennial (Lolium perenne), annual and Italian (L. multiflorum), and hybrid (L. boucheanum) ryegrasses available for dairy farmers to use in pasture renewal. This study describes an index which ranks ryegrass cultivars relative to a genetic base according to the estimated economic value (EV) of seasonal dry matter (DM) traits. A farm system model was used to derive EVs ($ ha^?1 calculated as change in operating profit divided by unit change of the trait) for additional DM produced in different seasons of the year in four regions. The EV of early spring DM was consistently high across all regions, whereas EV for late spring DM was moderate to low. Genotype × environment analysis revealed significant reranking of DM yield among ryegrass cultivars across regions. Hence, separate performance values (PVs) were calculated for two mega‐environments and then combined with the corresponding season and region EV to calculate the overall EV for twenty‐three perennial ryegrass and fifteen short‐term ryegrass cultivars. The difference in operating profit between the highest ranked and lowest ranked perennial ryegrass cultivar ranged from $556 ha^?1 to $863 ha^?1 year^?1 depending on region. For short‐term ryegrasses used for winter feed, the corresponding range was $394 to $478 ha^?1 year^?1. Using PV for DM yield, it was estimated that plant improvement in perennial ryegrass has added $12–$18 ha^?1 year^?1 (depending on region) operating profit on dairy farms since the mid‐1960s.     

核盘菌诱导下甘蓝型油菜宁RS-1 的SSH文库构建

以甘蓝型油菜宁RS-1为材料,用核盘菌(Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary)对6叶期幼苗进行接种。提取经核盘菌诱导前和诱导后的宁RS-1叶片mRNA,经反转录成cDNA,以及经过酶解后加接头和两次杂交,构建差异表达的抑制消减(SSH)cDNA文库。正向消减文库是以诱导后的宁RS-1 cDNA为tester,以正常的宁RS-1 cDNA为driver。所构建的正向文库重组率达到96.2%,反向文库重组率达到94.5%,文库容量均达到了2 190和2 780,表明所构建的文库质量良好。对从文库中随机挑取的克隆进行测序分析,获得了与抗病和代谢有关的基因,如γ-谷氨酰半胱氨酸酶基因、抗真菌蛋白基因、铁蛋白基因、ACC氧化酶基因等,为开展油菜抗菌核病重要功能基因的克隆和鉴定奠定了基础。     

数字图书馆的服务创新内涵

创新是人类活动的普遍行为,存在于人类生活的每一个领域,在当前信息资源日益丰富,用户需求日益多样化的现实条件下,数字图书馆要在时代的竞争中生存并发展,就要实现服务的创新。     

三角帆蚌肝脏瘟病感染期抑制性消减cDNA文库的构建与分析

采用抑制性消减杂交技术构建了三角帆蚌肝脏瘟病感染期抑制性消减cDNA文库。经检验,差异表达基因均被富集了 2¹⁰倍左右,证明构建的 cDNA 消减文库具有很强的消减效率。PCR 鉴定发现,在随机挑取的阳性克隆中,95% 的克隆均含有 0.2～1.0 kb 的插入片段,这些片段可能是三角帆蚌瘟病病毒感染后差异表达基因的cDNA片段。测序共获得 214 个有效 cDNA 序列,分别属于8 大类,共 98 个基因。其中细胞分裂基因 2个、细胞结构与运动基因 9 个、代谢基因 10 个、信号传导基因 7 个、细胞防疫基因 10 个、基因与蛋白表达基因 20 个、未知功能蛋白基因 26 个,GenBank中找不到任何同源序列的基因 14 个。结果说明,构建的差异表达cDNA文库,可较好地反映三角帆蚌瘟病病毒对三角帆蚌影响的基因信息。     

高校数字图书馆有效服务模式研究

在分析高校数字图书馆有效服务模式、主要特征的基础上,构建了一个以用户为中心的高校数字图书馆这一信息服务模式,并探讨了实现这一有效服务模式的途径与策略。