糖对长白猪精液NAGaseⅡ的抑制机理

以长白猪精液为材料,采用经典的纯化方法获得N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶（EC 3.3.1.52,NAGase）的2种同工酶,命名为：NAGaseⅠ和NAGaseⅡ。其中NAGaseⅡ的比活力为358.21U/mg,纯化倍数为6.37倍。以海藻糖、D-甘露糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖为效应物,研究其对该酶活性的影响。结果表明：在特定浓度范围内,海藻糖对酶活力基本没有影响;D-甘露糖、蔗糖、葡萄糖对该酶均有一定的抑制作用;D-甘露糖对酶的抑制作用表现为非竞争型,抑制常数KI为11.94mmo/L;蔗糖对酶的抑制作用表现为竞争型,抑制常数KI为0.56mmol/L;葡萄糖对酶的抑制作用表现为混合型,抑制常数KI和KIS分别为0.35mol/L和64.29mmol/L。     

绵羊冷冻精液研究进展

随着肉羊产业化、工厂化的发展,冷冻精液人工授精技术亟待应用于生产中.绵羊精液冷冻保存技术虽然得到了快速发展,但目前仍处在试验研究或小范围的应用阶段.因此,绵羊精液冷冻技术还需要深入、系统的研究.文章从绵羊精液冷冻保存稀释液中的添加剂、冷冻速率、冷冻-解冻对绵羊冷冻精液品质的影响,精液输精对受胎率的影响等方面进行了综述,为精液冷冻保存研究提供一定参考.     

季节和品种对种公牛鲜精液品质的影响

研究按季节和品种对种公牛采精记录进行方差分析,分别比较了季节对夏洛来、西门塔尔、利木赞、红安格斯、荷斯坦种公牛和弗莱维赫6个品种鲜精液品质的影响以及相同季节下的6个品种精液品质间的差异。分析了在季节和品种的双重条件下,精液品质间的相关性。结果表明:(1)西门塔尔、夏洛来和荷斯坦种公牛的单次射精量随季节变化排序均依次是:夏季秋季春季冬季。(2)西门塔尔、夏洛来、利木赞和红安格斯的鲜精子密度随季节变化排序依次是:春季夏季冬季秋季,且这四个品种鲜精子密度在四季的排序均为:西门塔尔夏洛来利木赞红安格斯。(3)各品种种公牛四季鲜精子活力排序均依次是:冬季春季秋季夏季;各品种种公牛鲜精子活力在四季的排序均为:利木赞夏洛来弗莱维赫、西门塔尔荷斯坦红安格斯;各品种夏季鲜精子活力均极显著低于其它三个季节(P0.01)。(4)荷斯坦种公牛鲜精子活力夏季占春季活力比率最高为(0.54/0.59),利木赞次之(0.5/0.63),弗莱维赫第三(0.47/0.6),安格斯最低(0.34/0.49)。(5)红安格斯的单次射精量、精子密度和精子活力在相同季节下都低于其它5个品种。(6)在不同季节不同品种下,种公牛的射精量与鲜精子密度和鲜精子活力的相关系数分别是0.006和~0.019,鲜精子密度和鲜精子活力的相关系数是0.253。     

非繁殖季节提高公羊精液品质的研究

本研究是在非繁殖季节,用电刺激采精法获取5只公羊的精液,对比了其鲜精、冻精与睾丸大小在激素短期处理前后的变化。结果表明,公羊经激素短期处理后,鲜精各指标有了显著（P〈0.05）提高,睾丸的大小也发生了变化。冻后精子的活力比处理前的提高了0.11,顶体完整率提高了6%,均有了显著性（P〈0.05）的变化。     

Viability of Extended Goat Semen Stored at Refrigerated Condition

Due to the small volume of goat semen ejaculate, just a few doses of goat semen were produced when the sperm concentration is 100 × 10^/mL. The study was aimed to determine the viability of extended goat semen at refrigerated condition at 5 ℃ using varying sperm concentrations and evaluated if sperm concentration lower than 100 × 10^6/mL would affect the motility, viability and sperm morphology at refrigerated condition. Using an artificial vagina, ejaculated goat semen was collected from goat semen donor aged 1.5 year. Physical evaluation of the collected semen showed an average volume of 0.54 mL, mean pH of 6.8 and a milky white color with thick consistency indicative of high concentration. Fresh goat semen had an initial average of 76% with an average initial sperm concentration of 128 × 10^/mL. The semen was divided into four treatments： sperm concentration of 100× 10^/mL, 75 × 10^/mL, 50 × 10^/mL and 25 × 10^/mL, and were stored at 5 ℃ for a period of 10 d. The semen evaluation was performed for each of the four treatments every other day. Results showed that the sperm concentration of spermatozoa affected the duration of storage based on the sperm motility percentage, viability and morphology of spermatozoa. The extended goat semen with sperm concentration of 25 and 50 million sperm/mL is optimal for storage within 6 d that gave satisfactory percentage motile, viable and morphologically normal spermatozoa.     

Study of Semen Cryopreservation for Banna Mini-pig Inbred Line

In this study, different concentrations of glycerol were added to semen cryoprotective extenders of Banna Mini-pig inbred line (BMI), different thawing solutions and thawing methods were studied. After thawing, the motility, the rates of plasma integrity and acrosome integrity were compared to optimize the cryopreservation method of BMI semen. The results showed that the motility, the rates of plasma integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly higher in 2% and 3% glycerol groups than those in 1%, 4% and 5% glycerol groups (P<0.05);The motility, the rates of plasma integrity and acrosome integrity were significantly higher in thawing solution Ⅰ than those in thawing solution Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ (P<0.05); Through comparing the motility, the rates of plasma integrity and acrosome integrity, the thawing effect in 40℃ 6 s and 50℃ 6 s groups were better than that in 38℃ 30 s (P<0.05). In conclusion, the optimal semen cryoprotective method for BMI was 2% or 3% glycerol as cryoprotectant, using thawing solution Ⅰ to thaw at 40℃ 6 s or 50℃ 6 s.     

不同抗热应激添加剂对热应激小鼠精液品质的影响

为探讨抗热应激添加剂对热应激状态下小鼠精液品质的影响,选取年龄和健康状况相近的成年雄性鼠150只,按照常温、热应激、添加剂处理后热应激的方式进行分组试验,对各组精液品质等指标进行统计分析。结果表明,3组热应激添加剂在缓解热应激小鼠的精液品质的影响效果上存在显著差异,其中效果最好的为中药组,其次是电解质组,最后是维生素组。从Hsp70mRNA表达量上来看,抗热应激添加剂组明显高于常温对照组。但与热应激组比较,维生素组与电解质组表达量低,而中药组表达量高。     

光照对公鸡军丸组织结构和功能的影响

将114只15日龄“伊莎”公鸡随机分为两组(实验组和对用组),每组57只.实验组以151x的照度、9L:3D:5L:7D的间歇光照周期补加光照,使每天的光照时间达14h,对照组仅接受自然光照.结果表明:不同日龄实验组鸡的血浆睾酮含量均略高于相应的对照组;实验组鸡的精液品质高于对照组.各日龄实验组鸡左、右侧睾丸的重量和体积均略大于相应的对照组,精细管管径均显著地大于相应的对照组;150日龄时,实验组鸡精细管管壁厚度显著大于对照组,实验组鸡睾丸内不同发育阶段的生精细胞的数量明显多于对照组,但两组间各发育阶段的生精细胞的超微结构未见差异.     

比格犬的繁殖技术Ⅰ.采精及精液冷冻

采用手握法采取比格犬精液,成功率为71.4％,平均射精量2.67mL;精液呈弱酸性,每次射出的精液分三段,精子主要在第二段,精子平均密度为2.105×10~8/mL;新鲜精液的活力为0.8～0.9;精液用两种稀释液稀释后在液氮中保存14～60d,解冻后,其孵活率分别为0.425和0.427.