猪场常见繁殖系统疾病的临床区别诊断

布氏杆菌病、细小病毒感染、猪繁殖与呼吸障碍综合征(PRRS)、猪瘟、猪伪狂犬病、猪乙型脑炎、猪附红细胞体病、衣原体、猪钩端螺旋体及饲料霉菌毒素中毒都共同出现流产症状,同时也有很多不同点。本文根据临床经验,将其归纳整理,系统地比较各病之间的不同点,为临床兽医正确区别诊断这类疾病提供宝贵的经验。     

Outbreak of bovine clinical mastitis caused by Mycoplasma bovis in a North Italian herd

This report describes an outbreak of Mycoplasma bovis mastitis affecting 45 cows in a herd of 122 dairy cattle in Northern Italy. Clinically, the outbreak was characterized by agalactia, multiple swollen and painless quarters, high milk somatic cell count and unresponsiveness to conventional antibiotic therapy. M. bovis was isolated from the milk samples of all the 32 affected cows tested and from the mammary tissue of three affected cows that underwent necropsy. No other pathogens were isolated from these samples. Lesions in two of the necropsied cows were characterized by mild chronic suppurative mastitis and galactophoritis. The other necropsied cow showed a chronic necrosuppurative and pyogranulamaous galactophoritis, a condition not previously associated with M. bovis. M. bovis was detected immunohistochemically in the lumen of the affected mammary ducts suggesting that ascending infection via the teat canal was the likely route of transmission. No other intralesional pathogens were demonstrated microscopically.     

水稻节水高产灌溉模式及土壤水分能量调控标准研究

根据土壤—植物—大气连续系统原理，1989～1998年在沈阳农业大学灌溉试验场通过盆载、蒸渗仪、小区及大田进行试验，分析了水稻的需要水规律及稻田土壤水分能量的变化特点，论述了土壤水分状况与水稻腾发强度之间的关系、不同灌模式对水稻腾发量的调控作用以及水分胁迫对水稻产量的影响，提出了水稻节水高产灌溉模式和土壤水分能量调控标准。     

漆姑草属抗癌植物药学及生态价值研究概况

漆姑草是传统治疗漆疮的良药,其药用及生态价值有待进一步开发。在广泛文献检索的基础上,对漆姑草的鉴定、成分、药理、临床应用、生态价值及栽培技术等进行了概述,为深入研究和开发利用提供科学资料。     

牛初乳粉的保健功能研究

牛初乳富含多种免疫因子和生长因子.本文介绍了利用牛初乳粉(BCP)所做的动物实验和人体临床观察,证实BCP在增进免疫调节、改善上呼吸道感染和感冒、调节胃肠道功能、促进锌吸收及智力发育、抗衰老、抗诱变等方面具有显著的效果.     

流感病毒的变异及其研究现状

2013年3月,我国首次出现了人感染H7N9的禽流感疫情,给我国卫生、动物疫病防治与经济健康发展带来了严峻挑战.基于近年来禽流感等流感病毒造成的严重危害,从流感病毒的病原学、分类命名、致病性、变异特性、培养特性、临床诊断、疫苗和药物防治研究进展等方面进行了综述,以期为流感病毒的深入研究和防治提供参考.     

Fine mapping quantitative trait loci under selective phenotyping strategies based on linkage and linkage disequilibrium criteria

In fine mapping of a large‐scale experimental population where collection of phenotypes are very expensive, difficult to record or time‐demanding, selective phenotyping could be used to phenotype the most informative individuals. Linkage analyses based sampling criteria (LAC) and linkage disequilibrium‐based sampling criteria (LDC) for selecting individuals to phenotype are compared to random phenotyping in a quantitative trait loci (QTL) verification experiment using stochastic simulation. Several strategies based on LAC and LDC for selecting the most informative 30%, 40% or 50% of individuals for phenotyping to extract maximum power and precision in a QTL fine mapping experiment were developed and assessed. Linkage analyses for the mapping was performed for individuals sampled on LAC within families and combined linkage disequilibrium and linkage analyses was performed for individuals sampled across the whole population based on LDC. The results showed that selecting individuals with similar haplotypes to the paternal haplotypes (minimum recombination criterion) using LAC compared to random phenotyping gave at least the same power to detect a QTL but decreased the accuracy of the QTL position. However, in order to estimate unbiased QTL parameters based on LAC in a large half‐sib family, prior information on QTL position was required. The LDC improved the accuracy to estimate the QTL position but not significantly compared to random phenotyping with the same sample size. When applying LDC (all phenotyping levels), the estimated QTL effect were closer to the true value in comparison to LAC. The results showed that the LDC were better than the LAC to select individuals for phenotyping and contributed to detection of the QTL.     

免疫胶体金技术及其在临床诊断上的研究进展

综述了免疫胶体金技术的原理、特点以及斑点金免疫渗滤法、胶体金免疫层析法在临床诊断上的应用研究进展,并分析了该技术存在的问题及发展趋势。     

一例疑似鸡食盐中毒的分析研究

为了确诊一例疑似鸡的食盐中毒病例,本文以新郑某鸡场疑似食盐中毒的4000只肉鸡为研究对象。通过测定病死鸡只胃、肠内容物及肝脏中的氯化钠含量,结合临床症状、病理变化、脏器常规石蜡切片观察,结果均与鸡的食盐中毒相符。以上结果表明,该群鸡死于食盐中毒。