泰山参人工驯化栽培与综合利用研究进展

本文通过回顾泰山参栽培与综合利用的研究现状,重点论述了泰山参种质资源、泰山参人工驯化与栽培、泰山参的营养价值利用以及泰山参的药用价值研究等几个方面的研究进展情况,分析了目前泰山参发展中面临的问题,提出泰山参可以依托泰山优势的旅游资源,并结合国家政策性红利来发展泰山参产业,认为通过开发研制营养价值和药用价值较高的产品以及泰山参种植、加工体验式产品等多方面来发展泰山参产业,得出泰山参未来发展可行的方式和途径,希望能对泰山参的未来发展提供一些参考依据。     

芥兰营养生理的研究：Ⅲ、氮钾营养对芥兰菜薹形成过程体内生化物质的影响

试验设N1，K1，N1K1，N1K2，N2K2，和N2K2六个处理，研究芥兰菜薹形成过程生化物质的变化。结果表明，芥兰花芽分化前，茎叶可溶性糖，还原糖、蛋白质和游离氨基基酸不断积累，可溶性糖／蛋白质（SS／TP）比逐渐提高。当碳氮化合物积累至小高峰，SS／TP比达一定值时，花芽便分化。K1处理的碳化合物含量最高，而氮化合物含量最低SS／TP比高，花芽分化最迟，其他处理的花芽分化期差异不大。在菜薹形成过程，叶片的叶绿素含量迅速增加，同时茎叶糖和游离氨基酸逐渐积累，但蛋白质含量下降，至现蕾前后叶片的叶绿素和茎叶糖含量开始下降，茎叶蛋白质含量他处理，其菜薹发育最差。在花芽分化过程，茎端DNA含量变化不大，RNA含量在花芽分化前逐渐增加，达一小高峰后便花芽分化，菜薹形成期间，茎端DNA含量缓慢增加，而RNA含量迅速增加，各处理的变化趋势无大差异。     

中药复方制剂对大鼠耐缺氧作用的研究

对大鼠进行不同中药复方的常压耐缺氧效果实验。结果表明:各中药复方和枸杞子均能显著延长大鼠常压缺氧存活时间(P<0.05),其中复方3作用效果最明显(p<0.01)。复方3在提高大鼠缺氧存活时间的同时又能降低血液红细胞和Hb增加率,升高缺氧大鼠血液SOD、GSH-Px活性,降低血清MDA含量。透射电镜观察表明:各中药复方对缺氧心肌具有明显保护作用。提示各中药复方的耐缺氧作用机理之一可能是通过提高SOD、GSH-PX活性增强清除自由基而实现的。     

杉木根系对不同磷斑块浓度与异质分布的阶段性响应

【目的】对杉木根系在异质供磷(P)条件下的觅磷行为进行动态监测,探讨磷斑块的浓度与其异质分布对杉木根系觅磷行为的影响。【方法】以福建漳平五一国有林场的半同胞杉木家系为试验材料,利用垂直异质供磷装置,设置KH2PO4 0 mg/kg(缺磷,P0)、4 mg/kg(低磷,P4)、16 mg/kg(正常供磷,P16)和30 mg/kg(高磷,P30)4个磷浓度斑块,将其按照不同顺序垂直排列构建异质供磷处理。在生长50、100、150 d时,进行3次破坏性取样,测定不同阶段不同异质供磷处理下杉木根系形态、生物量及觅磷效率的变化,进行杉木根系生长及觅磷行为的动态观测。【结果】杉木根系表现出阶段性的觅磷策略: 1)当杉木根系处于表层缺磷或低磷斑块时,通过根系的增生向供磷量更高的斑块觅磷,根系增生促进了缺磷或低磷斑块根系的干物质积累,但其根系含磷量较低; 至处理中期,表层缺磷处理的根系从缺磷斑块生长至低磷斑块后,杉木根系受低磷胁迫持续大量增生; 而当表层低磷处理的根系从低磷斑块生长至高磷斑块后,根系在高磷斑块内大量增生,且促进了根系磷养分的吸收及干物质的积累; 处理末期,当高磷斑块置于最底层时,其斑块内的根系生长量、 干物质积累量及根系含磷量均明显较大。2)当杉木根系处在表层高磷斑块时,根系初期仅在供磷量较高的表层生长,其根系生长量与干物质积累量均低于表层供磷量较低的处理,但其根系含磷量却显著大于表层供磷量较低的处理; 处理中期及末期,表层的根系生长量、 干物质积累量及根系含磷量均显著大于其他层次,且表层充足供磷处理的根系向地生长速度最快。【结论】异质供磷条件下,当杉木根系处在缺磷或低磷斑块时,主要通过根系的大量增生来寻觅磷养分; 当杉木根系处在高磷斑块时,在初期致力于斑块磷养分的吸收之后,表层根系大量增生,且根系的磷养分吸收和干物质积累显著大于其他层次,同时提高根系向地生长速度。     

Swine fever. Immunisation of piglets

Vaccination against Swine Fever using the CL Chinese strain can be done in 7-day-old piglets if they are born of non-immune sows. The simultaneous weaning and vaccination emphasises the safety of this strain. The excellent immunity observed confirms the immunocompetence of 7-day-old piglets. In piglets born of immune sows and also weaned at 7 days, passive protection can extend beyond the age of 2 months if the sow is vaccinated several months prior to gestation. The immune level of the piglets would seem to depend on the interval between vaccination of the sow and farrowing and can be attributed to the quality of the antibodies transmitted by the colostrum. Piglets born of sows vaccinated 10 months prior to farrowing can be vaccinated as early as 5 weeks; the protection percentage observed at the age of about 6 months is over 80%. A booster injection at this age then confers immunity to future breeders throughout their economic life, i.e. 4 years in the reported experiment.     

Effect of miR-181b on cell proliferation and expression of Bcl-2 and SP1 in HepG2 cells

AIM: To investigate the role of miR-181b in the expression of Bcl-2 and SP1 at mRNA and protein levels in the human hepatoma G2 cells (HepG2), and to explore the effect of miR-181b on the regulation of HepG2 cell proliferation. METHODS: The synthetic double-strand complementary DNA based on the sequence of miR-181b was inserted into the vector of miRNASelect^TM pEGP-miR. The microRNA high-expression plasmid was cloned, and the sequences were identified. The miR-181b plasmid was transfected into HepG2 cells with liposomes. The stable cell line was screened by puromycin. The mRNA and protein levels of Bcl-2 and SP1 were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) method was used to analyze the proliferation of HepG2 cells. RESULTS: The Western blotting results showed that miR-181b inhibited the protein expression of Bcl-2 and SP1. The result of RT-PCR also indicated that the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and SP1 was suppressed. Compared with the control, the growth rate of HepG2 with high expression of miR-181b was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION: miR-181b inhibits the proliferation of HepG2, which may be related to the down-regulation of Bcl-2 and SP1.     

中蜂越夏及秋季繁殖试验

在贵州锦屏进行的中蜂越夏及秋繁试验表明，４框以上的群势越夏较为安全。越夏期间每框足蜂约需补喂白糖１．５公斤。越夏后，蜂群群势约下降１／３左右。蜂群在越夏期间飞逃的主要原因是缺蜜及巢虫危害。当地中蜂在秋季大流蜜初期发生分蜂，分蜂群势均为８框足蜂以上，７框左右不分群。为控制不同起繁群势的蜂群在秋季大流蜜初期正好繁殖到７框左右，不致因分蜂影响秋冬蜜的采集，应分期起步秋繁。根据本试验所建秋季起繁群势（ｘ）与达７框群势所需繁殖天数（ｙ）之间的回归直线方程推算，在起繁群势为１～５框蜂量时，最适的秋繁开始期，１框群为７月３１日，２框群８月１０日……蜂群的基础群势每增加一框，则秋繁开始期应相应推迟１０～１１天。     

论叶芝《驶向拜占庭》中的帝国形象

叶芝是英国象征主义诗歌早期的代表人物,象征主义是其诗歌创作的一大特色。在晚期的名作《驶向拜占庭》中,叶芝构建了帝国拜占庭这一内涵丰富的象征物。在叶芝看来,拜占庭是艺术的象征、历史的符码和异域的标记。塑造拜占庭的形象时,叶芝并不完全遵循真实的原则,而是基于一些二手材料,对拜占庭进行了极端理想化的处理。对叶芝来说,拜占庭只是它山之石,叶芝的最终目的不在石而在玉。借助拜占庭这面镜像,叶芝实现了对诗人本身和祖国爱尔兰进行言说的最终目的。《驶向拜占庭》中塑造的帝国形象,代表了业已消逝的以贵族文明为标志的辉煌人类文化,这与叶芝骨子里的贵族主义倾向恰好吻合。此外,不满于爱尔兰当时的社会现实,叶芝试图在历史中为爱尔兰寻找一块可资借鉴的模板。在这种情形之下,代表艺术、历史和异域的拜占庭帝国就进入了叶芝的视线,因为它较为符合诗人理想主义的政治追求。     

Construction and Virulence of Filamentous Hemagglutinin Protein B1 Mutant of Pasteurella multocida in Chickens

Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative nonmotile coccobacillus, is the causative agent of fowl cholera, bovine hemorrhagic septicemia, enzoonotic pneumonia and swine atropic rhinitis. Two filamentous hemagglutinin genes, fhaB1 and JhaB2, are the potential virulence factors. In this study, an inactivationfhaB1 mutant ofP. multocida in avian strain C48-102 was constructed by a kanamycin-resistance cassette. The virulence of thefhaB1 mutant and the wild type strain was assessed in chickens by intranasal and intramuscular challenge. The inactivation offhaB1 resulted in a high degree of attenuation when the chickens were challenged intranasally and a lesser degree when challenged intramuscularly. ThefhaB1 mutant and the wild type strain were investigated their sensitivity to the antibody-dependent classical complement-mediated killing pathway in 90% convalescent chicken serum. ThefhaB1 mutant was serum sensitive as the viability has reduced between untreated serum and heat inactivated chicken serum （P〈0.007）. These results confirmed that FhaB1 played the critical roles in the bacterial pathogenesis and further studies were needed to investigate the mechanism which caused reduced virulence of the fhaB1 mutant.     

不结球白菜形态性状及SSR遗传多样性关联分析

分析不结球白菜遗传多样性,筛选与形态性状相关联且具有多态性的标记位点,为不结球白菜的分子辅助育种选择、种质资源的利用和新品种选育提供依据.本研究以类型差异大、有南方特色的54份种质资源为材料,对其6个质量性状和5个数量性状进行3次田间调查,从40对引物中筛选出25对SSR引物进行遗传多样性分析,结合形态性状对54份不结...