吡喹酮治疗绵羊多头蚴病试验

应用吡喹酮对绵羊多头蚴病进行治疗试验。结果表明：用吡喹酮７０ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重剂量深部肌肉注射效果最佳，能完全杀死囊泡内的原头蚴，治愈率达１００％。     

Changes in platelet-activating factor receptor binding characteristics in cerebral thrombotic core and penumbra of tree shrews

AIM: To observe the changes in platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor binding characteristics and explore the action of PAF on formation of thrombotic core and penumbra following local cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Neuron's membrane protein was abstracted, and the local cerebral ischemia model were induced by photochemistry in tree shrews. The PAF binding sites on central neuron membrane were studied by-PAF binding assay. RESULTS: There were two different affinities of PAF receptors on tree shrew's brain cell membrane, with kD₁=(3.61 ±0.72) nmol/L and kD₂=(17.04±2.41) nmol/L, corresponding respectively to maximum number of binding sites: B_max1=(1 457.94±168.01) pmol/g protein and B_max2=(5 017.40±742.16) pmol/g protein. The binding sites decreased in ischemic core, penumbra and contralateral regions at 4,24 and 72 h after ischemia (P<0.01), with those of 24 h reaching the minimum levels. CONCLUSION: PAF receptors play an important role in cerebral ischemia, may be related to the secondary damage in ischemic penumbra, and also are molecular bases of brain injury induced by PAF.     

蛋白激酶C抑制剂对吸烟大鼠脑血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子1表达的影响

目的探讨蛋白激酶C抑制剂对吸烟大鼠脑血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA表达的影响。方法无脑梗死大鼠18只,随机分为不吸烟组6只、吸烟组6只和吸烟蛋白激酶C抑制剂组6只。脑梗死大鼠48只,随机分为脑梗死组24只和蛋白激酶C抑制剂组24只,分别于梗死后2、6、12及24h干预,每个时间点6只。采用免疫组织化学法和原位杂交法分别测定细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA。结果吸烟大鼠脑血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA均有表达,吸烟蛋白激酶C抑制剂组脑血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA的表达明显低于吸烟组(P<0.05)。蛋白激酶C抑制剂组细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA的表达均低于对应时间点脑梗死组(P<0.05),且梗死后2h蛋白激酶C抑制剂组细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA的表达明显低于其他时间点组。结论蛋白激酶C抑制剂可阻断吸烟大鼠脑血管内皮细胞细胞间粘附分子1蛋白和mRNA表达,并且早期用药效果可能更好。     

奥扎格雷钠对大鼠局灶性脑缺血C-Fos蛋白表达的影响

目的:观察奥扎格雷钠对大鼠局灶性脑缺血C-Fos蛋白表达的影响并探讨其作用机制。方法:采用线栓法制备大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型,通过免疫组化法检测脑缺血24 h C-Fos蛋白的表达以及经奥扎格雷钠(8 mg/kg)处理后对该蛋白表达的影响。结果:脑缺血24 h C-Fos蛋白的表达明显增加;奥扎格雷钠可显著抑制脑缺血后C-Fos蛋白表达。结论:奥扎格雷钠对脑血的保护作用可能与抑制C-Fos蛋白的表达有关。     

Acute coenurosis of dairy sheep from 11 flocks in Greece

Abstract

CASE HISTORY: A syndrome of acute neurological dysfunction with increased mortality was observed in lambs of 10 dairy sheep flocks and adult animals in one flock in Central and Northern Greece. Each farmer completed a questionnaire regarding the management and feeding of their flocks. In seven of the 11 flocks the affected animals were grazing pasture, while in the remaining four flocks (5, 8, 9, 10) the animals were fed alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa) and concentrates indoors. A follow-up study of the affected flocks was conducted during the next 12 months.

CLINICAL FINDINGS: Of 42 sheep with acute coenurosis that were examined, the most prominent neurological abnormalities were ataxia, depression, blindness, scoliosis, coma and dysmetria. Except for the four sheep that were comatose, all other animals had normal body temperatures and their appetites remained normal or were slightly decreased. Haematological findings of 15 examined sheep were within normal limits. The affected sheep were subject to euthanasia. A histopathological examination was performed in 13 cases. Faecal samples from dogs associated with these flocks were negative for taeniid infections. During the following 12 months cases of chronic coenurosis in these flocks were observed.

PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: In the 42 animals that were necropsied, the main gross findings were cystic formations between 0.5–1 cm in diameter with translucent walls that were seen lying free on the leptomeninges or partly penetrating the brain tissue, sterile microabscecess and brain necrosis. Histopathological evaluation of tissue sections of 13 brains showed multifocal purulent or pyogranulomatous meningoencephalitis, accompanied by eosinophilic infiltrations. No bacteria were isolated following bacterial culture of brain tissue Parasitological examination of the cysts from five cases revealed whitish specks on the transparent cyst wall and germination membrane representing the scolices.

DIAGNOSIS: Acute coenurosis was diagnosed in all cases studied.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Acute coenurosis can be one of the causes of acute encephalopathy mainly in lambs, but also in adult sheep. This condition is incurable, but can be controlled by changing the feeding regime. Cases of chronic coenurosis may be seen a few months later in the same flock.     

Protective effect of atorvastatin on blood brain barrier in rats with focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury

AIM: To explore the protective effects of atorvastatin on blood brain barrier(BBB) in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion(IR) injury and the potential mechanisms involved. METHODS: SD rats were divided into sham group, IR group and atorvastain group. Intraluminal suture method was used to establish cerebral IR model, and the ischemic brain was reperfused for 72 h after the occlusion. The rats in atorvastatin group were administered with atorvastatin(20 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) by gavage once a day for 3 consecutive days after operation. At 72 h after reperfusion, neurological function scores, the water content of the brain tissue, Evans blue(EB) content of ischemic hemisphere, the expression of tight junction(TJ)-associated protein occludin and inflammation factor phosphatidylinositiol 3-kinase-p110 gamma(PI3K-p110γ) were tested and analyzed. RESULTS: In IR group, the rats showed elevated neurological function scores(P<0.01), brain tissue water content(P<0.01) and EB content(P<0.01), accompanied with the down-regulation of occludin expression(P<0.01) and up-regulation of PI3K-p110γ(P<0.01) at 72 h after reperfusion. Compared with IR group, decreased brain edema(P<0.01) and EB leakage(P<0.01) were observed in atorvastatin group, accompanied with increased occludin expression(P<0.01) and decreased PI3K-p110γ expression(P<0.01). However, no statistical difference of the neurological function scores between the 2 groups was observed. CONCLUSION: Atorvastain attenuates cerebral IR injury, which may be associated with the inhibition of inflammatory reactions and the up-regulation of TJ-asso-ciated proteins to maintain the stability of BBB.     

三七皂苷对大鼠缺血脑组织一氧化氮合酶表达的影响——免疫细胞化学与图像分析系统在免疫药理学研究中的应用

应用免疫细胞化学技术与图像分析系统研究三七皂苷的免疫药理学机制。正常组大鼠;实验组大鼠(左颈总动脉结扎并于术前4h肌注三七皂苷,7mg.kg~(-1))与对照组大鼠(左颈总动脉结扎用等量生理盐水取代三七皂苷)各分4h组、12h组与24h组。各组鼠大脑皮质、海马与尾壳核内神经元性一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)的含量用LSAB法与计算机数字图像分析系统检测。结果显示对照组大鼠海马、尾壳核与大脑皮质内nNOS含量显著下降,三七皂苷可恢复缺血脑组织的nNOS表达,并对缺血脑组织发挥保护作用。同时,本实验还提示免疫细胞化学技术与图像分析系统用于免疫药理学研究是可行的。     

46例一氧化碳中毒合并脑梗塞患者的智能测评

目的探讨一氧化碳中毒合并脑梗塞患者的智能变化．方法对患者仿用智力量表进行检测,严格按操作规程进行,检测期间患者意识清楚,能够合作．数据以（x±s）表示,进行t检验．结果46例病例组比45例对照组测验得分明显减少,尤其是计算力和近记忆力更为明显,有显著性差异（P〈0．01）．结论一氧化碳中毒合并脑梗塞患者在恢复期进行智能测评是判断患者智能恢复程度的一项重要指标．     

Relation between astroglial activation state and ischemic tolerance in the gerbil hippocampus

AIM:To observe the relation between astroglial activation state and ischemic tolerance in the gerbil hippocampus. METHOD: Bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries and immunofluorescent methods in the gerbil hippocampal tissue. Slices were used. The morphological changes of the neurons were observed by light microscopy.RESULTS:Pretreatment with 2 minute bilateral carotid artery occlusion produced protective effects of CA₁ neurons. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) staining showed weak positive cells in control group. Most of GFAP positive cells showed weak and middle positive cells after recirculation 1d and 2d following ischemic 3.5 min and preconditioning of the brain with sublethal ischemia respectively.CONCLUSION:Astroglial played an important role in cerebral ischemia. It is possible that state of astroglial activation related to neuronal survival in ischemic tolerance.