马尾松树皮提取物体外抑制人大肠癌细胞生长机理初探

为探讨马尾松树皮提取物(PMBE)体外抑制大肠癌LoVo细胞生长的作用特点和机理,通过MTT、显微镜术、凝胶电泳和流式细胞术,研究PMBE抑制LoVo细胞生长的特点,运用免疫组化和RT-PCR探究相关分子机理。结果表明:PMBE时间-剂量依赖地抑制LoVo细胞的体外生长;PMBE处理后,流式细胞检测发现LoVo细胞周期阻滞于G1或S期,同时可检测到亚二倍体峰的出现;荧光镜检和透射电镜观察可看到LoVo细胞的核皱缩、边集甚或碎裂,以及有凋亡小体形成,其基因组经过凝胶电泳呈现典型的梯形Ladder;RT-PCR和免疫组化结果显示PMBE处理可上调LoVo细胞中p53和p21基因的转录效率,并下调Bcl-2的蛋白表达量。说明PMBE通过上调p53和p21的表达量阻滞细胞周期、下调Bcl-2的表达量诱导细胞凋亡的双重机制,抑制LoVo细胞的体外生长,可供进一步探索相关信号传导通路参考。     

植物DNA错配修复系统响应Cd胁迫的研究进展

Cd胁迫下植物细胞内会出现不同形式的DNA损伤(如碱基错配、DNA单/双链断裂和甲基化),DNA损伤会迅速诱导DNA损伤响应(DDR)信号,如ATM、ATR及其下游的信号通路包括细胞周期阻滞、细胞内复制、细胞凋亡以及不同形式的DNA修复途径(如同源重组修复HR、DNA错配修复MMR)。植物细胞DNA MMR系统中的异源二聚体MutSα(MSH2/MSH6)、MutSβ(MSH2/MSH3)、MutSg(MSH2/MSH7)、MutLα(MLH1/PMS1)与有关酶如增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、DNA复制因子C(RFC)、DNA核酸外切酶1(EXO1)、单链结合蛋白(RPA)、核酸内切酶FEN1、DNA聚合酶delta(d)和DNA连接酶相互作用,启动DNA MMR反应,从而在感知Cd诱导的DNA损伤、修复DNA损伤、激活细胞周期检验点、确保基因组DNA的稳定性和DNA复制的精确性等方面发挥关键作用。然而,MutS缺失的植物细胞会绕过DNA MMR系统参与的细胞周期阻滞,从而严重影响植物的耐Cd性能。本文重点介绍了植物DNA MMR系统对Cd胁迫的响应以及表观遗传对DNA MMR系统的调控作用机理。     

Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs: cardiopulmonary biomarker levels

Cardiopulmonary biomarkers are biological parameters that can be objectively measured and quantified as indicators of pathogenic processes (heartworm disease) or as indicators of response to therapeutic intervention. To determine levels of cardiopulmonary biomarkers in canine dirofilariasis, measurements of cardiac troponin T, cardiac troponin I, myoglobin, and D-dimer concentrations were performed for dogs with and without evidence of adult heartworm infection. The results showed that levels of cardiac troponin T were undetectable in all dogs studied while levels of cardiac troponin I were higher in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis. In healthy dogs, levels of myoglobin and D-dimer were below detection limits of the instrument and were significantly higher in heartworm-infected dogs, notably in microfilaremic dogs. The results suggest the possibility of using troponin I and myoglobin as markers for cardiac damage and the D-dimer as a supportive tool for a diagnosis of pulmonary thromboembolism in dogs with cardiopulmonary dirofilariasis.     

Suspected brainstem anesthesia following retrobulbar block in a cat

A 10‐year‐old, male, neutered, domestic shorthair cat was anesthetised for enucleation of a perforated left globe. A retrobulbar injection of local anesthetic (lidocaine/bupivacaine) was performed prior to surgery to provide intra‐ and postoperative analgesia. Following administration of the injection, the cat developed apnea and heart rate increased. Mechanical ventilation was initiated and surgery went ahead as planned. At the conclusion of surgery, the cat remained apnoeic requiring positive pressure ventilation until spontaneous ventilatory effort resumed. Upon recovery, the cat demonstrated neurological signs including tremors, nystagmus and absent dazzle reflex. These signs were attributed to brainstem anesthesia from the retrobulbar block and fully resolved within 3 h. This is the first report of suspected intrathecal spread of local anesthetic following retrobulbar block in a cat to the authors’ knowledge.     

Electrocardiographic findings in miniature schnauzers with syncope

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine a population of miniature schnauzers exhibiting syncope as their primary presenting complaint and to correlate their electrocardiographic (ECG) findings with the criteria for the diagnosis of sick sinus syndrome (SSS) reported in the human and veterinary literature. Design: Retrospective study. Patients: Case records of 31 miniature schnauzers with syncope during the period 1996–2000 were reviewed. Measurements and results: This study supported two previous studies finding that females were more predisposed to ECG abnormalities associated with SSS than males. It was also noted that females were slightly older (10.1 years) when compared to males (8.9 years) at the time of diagnosis. A heart murmur was present in 61% of the dogs and this was most likely secondary to mitral valve endocardiosis and regurgitation. The primary rhythm disturbance seen was sinus arrest/sinoatrial block in 48.5% of the cases; sinus bradycardia was the second most common arrhythmia noted. Conclusion: In miniature schnauzers with syncope, SSS should be considered as a primary etiology if abnormal ECG findings are noted.     

Cardiopulmonary bypass influences the plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptides in dogs: effects of hemofiltration and hemodilution

Calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP), which are potent vasodilators, are elevated during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in humans. We evaluated the plasma levels of CGRP in dogs during CPB with hemofiltration with and without hemodilution. Female beagles were divided into control (n=5) and hemodilution (n=5) groups. The CPB with hemofiltration was performed with or without hemodilution. For the measurement of CGRP, blood samples were collected pre-CPB, during CPB, and post-CPB. The concentrations of CGRP in the hemofiltration solution were measured. Although the CPB elevated the plasma CGRP levels in both groups, its elevation was significant in the hemodilution group when compared to the pre-CPB levels. CGRP levels returned to normal post-CPB. Significant differences were found between the two groups in the CGRP amount in hemofiltration. The results show that hemofiltration should be used during CPB to decrease the plasma levels of CGRP.     

地下工程现浇混凝土加强带设计中应注意的问题

随着现代城市高层建筑的发展,地下工程现浇混凝土加强带的使用日益增多;这不但对施工质量、而且对设计质量也提出了更高的要求;尤其是对地下工程现浇混凝土加强带设计中应注意的问题,更应重视,以确保工程质量。     

Enhanced external counterpulsation improves common carotid artery blood flow in sudden cardiac arrest dogs

AIM: To investigate the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) on intracranial pressure (ICP), cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), common carotid artery blood flow following sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and successful return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) by cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in dogs. METHODS: Dog SCA model was induced with alternating current, then 10 dogs were randomly divided into EECP group (n=6) and control group (n=4) after successful ROSC. The arterial blood pressure (BP), quantity of right common carotid artery blood flow (Q) and intracranial pressure (ICP) were measured. Cerebral perfusion pressure (CCP) equaled to BP minus ICP. Resistance of common carotid artery equaled to mean BP/mean Q. RESULTS: The animal model of SCA-ROSC in 10 dogs were successfully established. No significant difference of mean blood pressure (MBP), maximum systolic pressure (MSP), mean ICP, systolic ICP, diastolic ICP, mean CPP and maximum systolic CPP at all time points between the 2 groups was observed. Compared with control group, the maximum diastolic pressure (MDP) and maximum diastolic CPP was significantly elevated, the resistance of common carotid artery was significantly decreased, and right common carotid artery blood flow was significantly increased in EECP group. CONCLUSION: EECP does not affect MBP, MSP, ICP, mean CPP and systolic CPP,but improves common carotid artery blood flow possibly by increasing diastolic BP, diastolic CPP and reducing the resistance of common carotid artery or other mechanisms.     

Survival Following Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Dogs and Cats

Dogs and cats receiving cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were evaluated for factors leading to cardiac arrest and for survival following the procedure. One-hundred-thirty-five canine and forty-three feline patients seen at the University of California, Davis Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital that received CPR between August 1987 and December 1991 were studied. Initial resuscitation attempts were unsuccessful in 72% of dogs and 58% of cats. Five dogs and one cat were still alive 3 days after CPR. Ultimately only four dogs and one cat were discharged from the hospital alive. These five patients with uniquely longer survival all had cardiac arrests associated with drug and/or anesthetic reactions.