犊牛常见病的诊治体会

犊牛的健康关系着牛场的未来生产。本文介绍了几种犊牛常见病的辨别及诊断方法,帮助牛场快速进行疾病判断。作者对几种疾病的病因、临床症状、诊断方式、治疗方法进行综述,旨在为犊牛的常见病的防控和选择治疗药物提供参考依据。     

不同处理方法对辣椒采后贮藏特性的影响

分别采用热处理、1-MCP处理、乙烯处理尖椒.结果显示,各处理均引起了采后辣椒膜损伤,同时热处理和1-MCP处理可以抑制乙烯生成和呼吸高峰,延迟叶绿素降解,起到延长贮藏期的目的.     

猪场废弃物处理技术与应用

养殖废弃物对环境的污染越来越严重,为保证养殖与环境协调发展,我国开展养殖废弃物综合利用方式的研究。近年,各地开发出多种废弃物处理和利用方式,主要是以循环发展理念为技术发展方向,提高废弃物循环利用效率。该文列举国内外的养殖废弃物处理技术,结合我国生猪养殖现状,总结出适合我国的生猪养殖废弃物高效利用技术。     

Effects of glucose and Mg2+ in the neurons damaged by glutamate

AIM and METHODS: To observe the effects of glucose-free and Mg²⁺-free in the extracellular fluid on the changes of [Ca ²⁺]_i in the cerebro-cortical neurons damaged by 1mmol/L glutamate using laser confocal scanning microscope. RESULTS: Both frequency and amplitude of neuronal calcium oscillation induced by glutamate were lowered in glucose-free and Mg²⁺-free buffers. The basic [Ca²⁺]_i concentration was lowered in the former case , but it was elevated in the latter case. CONCLUSION: Mg²⁺-free aggravates [Ca²⁺]_i overload induced by 1mmol/L glutamate ,under certain conditions the glucose-free might resist damage role of glutamate and Mg²⁺-free.     

果实生长期用MeJA处理对‘红贵妃’芒果货架品质的影响

我国芒果产区因缺乏采后处理条件,致使芒果在货架期品质劣变严重。本文研究了在果实生长期喷施茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）对‘红贵妃’芒果采后品质的影响。结果表明：与对照相比,5 mg/L的MeJA处理显著降低了芒果货架期的病情指数和发病率、延缓了果皮转黄、提高了果肉的TSS和Vc含量、降低了TA含量,使芒果在货架期保持较好的外观和营养品质。同时,MeJA处理抑制了采后炭疽病的发生,在货架前期降低了CAT和POD活性,提高了总酚、总黄酮、H2O2含量,在货架后期提高了CAT和POD活性,降低了H2O2含量。本研究表明,生长期MeJA处理使芒果保持较好货架期品质与其增强果实在货架期的抗病性有关。     

Hesperetin attenuates hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis in H9c2 cells via inhibition of calcium overload

AIM: To investigate the effect of hesperetin on hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced apoptosis in the H9c2 cells and to clarify the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The H/R model was established and the H9c2 cells were pretreated with hesperetin for 4 h. The cell viability and cell damage were measured by CCK-8 assay and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection. The apoptosis was analyzed by Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry. The intracellular calcium fluorescence intensity was measured by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. The calcium-ATPase activity and the level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were measured by ELISA. The mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 staining. The protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Bax and cytochrome C (Cyt-C) were determined by Western blot. RESULTS: Hesperetin reduced the apoptosis of the H9c2 cells induced by H/R, decreased intracellular Ca²⁺ fluorescence intensity, elevated Ca²⁺-ATPase activity, inhibited the mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization and increased the level of ATP (P<0.05). In addition, hesperetin significantly reduced the release of Cyt-C protein from mitochondria to cytoplasma and increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio (P<0.05). After using the calcium ion inhibitor nimodipine, the percentage of the cells with mitochondrial membrane depolarization was decreased, the ATP level was increased and the protein expression of mitochondrion-related apoptosis molecules were decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Hesperetin reduces the apoptosis of the H9c2 cells induced by H/R, which may be related to inhibition of calcium overload and improvement of mitochondrial function.     

规模化猪场清粪工艺比选分析

生猪产业是中国畜牧业的主导产业,是城乡居民"菜篮子"产品的重要组成部分。随着生猪产业的持续发展,养殖所产生的粪便污染对环境的影响也日益突出,逐渐成为重要的农业面源污染之一。作者简要论述了生猪养殖对环境的影响,分析了当前生猪养殖的几种重要清粪工艺,对规模化猪场清粪工艺进行了比选分析,并提出了规模化猪场清粪工艺选择的建议。     

Oxygen free radical injury of myocardial mitochondria in the experimental type 2 diabetic rats

AIM: To study the mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy and abnormality of oxygen free radicals. METHODS: The contents of myocardial cytosolic cytochrome C, mitochondria cytochrome C, mitochondrial calcium, NO, MDA and the activity of SOD and NOS were determined in diabetic rats induced by STZ. The pathological changes were observed under transmission electron microscope. RESULTS: Compared to the normal and ganoderma group, the levels of mitochondrial NO, iNOS, MDA, calcium and plasma Cyt-C in rat myocardium were higher (P<0.05), while mitochondrial Cyt-C and SOD were lowered in model group (P<0.05). The bouncary indistinct, disorganization, a focal loss of muscular fibril, myocardium mitochondria swelling, pulmonary vascular endothelial cellular swelling and obstructed lumen of the capillary were also observed under transmission electronic microscope. CONCLUSION: The findings indicate that oxyradical and lipid peroxidation might be associated with the damage of myocardial mitochondria in NIDDM rats. Cyt-C and mitochondrial calcium is also involved in the process.     

黄瓜草菇轮作及酒精处理防治根结线虫的效果

根结线虫对连作的大棚黄瓜危害很大,通过黄瓜与草菇轮作及酒精溶液处理土壤,发现黄瓜草菇轮作能有效地遏制根结线虫数量的快速上升,并明显降低微生物生物量碳的含量;酒精溶液处理土壤也具同样的遏制根结线虫作用,以2%酒精溶液最佳。轮作加酒精溶液处理土壤5d后,2%、3%酒精溶液处理微生物生物量碳均高于未处理土壤,其中2%酒精溶液处理的含量最高;随着时间的推移,生物量碳含量下降。     

一例副猪嗜血杆菌病的诊治

针对一例以呼吸道症状和多发性关节炎为主要特征的慢性传染病,依据病史、临床症状、病理解剖和细菌学检查,诊断为副猪嗜血杆菌所致,并提出相应的防治方案,疫情得到控制。