两种增效复配农药对桑螟的防治效果试验

为有效地控制桑螟对桑园的危害,筛选出2个专门用于防治桑螟的复配药剂配方。在残毒期为5 d的短残毒期配方中,80%敌敌畏、50%辛硫磷、增效剂和水的质量比为1∶1∶1∶2 000;残毒期为11 d长残毒期配方中40%的灭多威、50%的辛硫磷、增效剂和水的质量比为1∶1∶1∶2 000。这2种复配农药的实验室及室外桑园小区防治试验的校正防治效果可达94.4%~96.7%,50 hm2桑园中试的校正防治效果达94.3%~96.1%。2种复配农药对红腹灯蛾、桑毛虫、桑尺蠖也有较好的防治效果。     

Canine ocular histiocytic sarcoma

OBJECTIVE: To describe and characterize histiocytic sarcoma (HS) first detected in the eyes of dogs using the large database at the comparative ocular pathology laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW). METHODS: Cases diagnosed as HS were selected from the COPLOW database. Slides were reviewed to describe the cellular morphology, localize the tumor within the globe, record the tumor distribution and measure the size of the tumor. Further sections were taken to perform immunohistochemistry for Melan-A, CD18 and S-100, and for ferric iron staining. The following clinical information was recorded: breed, age, gender, laterality, clinical signs upon presentation and follow-up information obtained by response to a mailed survey and phone contact. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases were confirmed as being HS according to the immunohistochemical results (CD18 positive and Melan-A negative). The most prevalent breed was Rottweiler (eight cases), followed by Retriever breeds (seven Golden Retrievers and five Labrador Retrievers). The mean age was 8.61 +/- 2.43 years. There were three intact male, eight castrated male, one intact female and 14 spayed female dogs. In 15 dogs there were no concurrent systemic clinical signs at the time of diagnosis. Sixteen of 19 dogs with follow-up information available died as a result of causes related to the tumor, although only three of them received a necropsy. Survival time varied between 5 days and 6 months after enucleation. Three of the dogs were alive at the time the information was gathered. Mean tumor surface was 0.613 +/- 0.38 cm(2). S-100 was diffusely positive in 10 cases, isolated positive cells were found in 11 cases and five cases were completely negative. Seven of the cases were positive for ferric iron. CONCLUSIONS: Histiocytic sarcoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of dogs with intraocular masses, especially in Rottweilers and Retriever breeds. Because it carries poor prognosis, it must be distinguished from melanoma. A good discriminator for this purpose in paraffin-embedded tissues is finding CD18-positive cells and no reactivity against Melan-A. S-100 and ferric iron staining does not seem to be useful. Ocular HS is considered to be a manifestation of a systemic disease even when the disease is first recognized in the eye.     

接种La Sota疫苗雏鸡外周器官中CD4+T细胞的来源及其作用

切除胸腺的２日龄雏鸡,接种抗鸡Ｔ细胞表面分子ＣＤ４的单克隆抗体,于１２日龄时以ＬａＳｏｔａ疫苗免疫。然后,在不同的日龄分别用ＦＡＣＳ,ＭＴＴ及间接ＥＬＩＳＡ测定脾脏和外周血中ＣＤ４＾＋和ＣＤ８＾＋Ｔ淋巴细胞亚类数量,脾Ｔ淋巴细胞转化功能及病毒特异的血清ＩｇＧ抗体的动态变化。     

A tumor-related lymphoid progenitor population supports hierarchical tumor organization in canine B-cell lymphoma

Background: Tumors have heterogeneous properties, which could be explained by the existence of hierarchically and biologically distinct tumor cells such as tumor‐initiating cells (TICs). This model is clinically important, as TICs are promising targets for cancer therapies. However, TICs in spontaneous B‐cell lymphoma have not been conclusively identified. Hypothesis/Objectives: Tumor cells with a progenitor phenotype exist in B‐cell lymphoma, reflecting a hierarchical organization. Animals: Twenty‐eight client‐owned dogs with previously untreated B‐cell lymphoma and 6 healthy dogs. Methods: This was a prospective study. Flow cytometry was used to identify lymphoid progenitor cells (LPCs) that coexpressed hematopoietic progenitor antigens CD34, CD117, and CD133, with lymphoid differentiation markers CD21 and/or CD22 in B‐cell lymphoma. The polymerase chain reaction for antigen receptor rearrangements was used to analyze clonality and relatedness of tumor populations. A xenograft model with NOD/SCID/IL‐2Rγ^?/? mice was adapted to expand and serially transplant primary canine B‐cell lymphoma. Results: LPCs were expanded in lymph nodes from 28 dogs with B‐cell lymphoma compared with 6 healthy dogs (P= .0022). LPCs contained a clonal antigen receptor gene rearrangement identical to that of the bulk of tumor cells. Canine B‐cell lymphoma xenografts in recipient mice that maintained LPCs in the tumors were recurrently observed. Conclusions and Clinical Importance: These results suggest the presence of a hierarchy of tumor cells in B‐cell lymphoma as has been demonstrated in other cancers. These findings have the potential to impact not only the understanding of lymphoma pathogenesis but also the development of lymphoma therapies by providing novel targets for therapy.     

Multicentric mast cell tumors in a horse

Abstract: A 6‐year‐old female Rocky Mountain horse was presented for evaluation of draining tracts and distal limb subcutaneous edema on the left front and left hind limbs that had been present for 2 weeks. Direct smears of fluid collected by fine‐needle aspiration of subcutaneous fluid from both limbs were highly cellular with a predominance of eosinophils accompanied by numerous, moderately atypical, variably granulated mast cells. The cytologic diagnosis was mast cell tumor (MCT) with prominent eosinophilic infiltration with a differential diagnosis of eosinophilic granuloma. Histologic evaluation of surgical biopsies of lesions from both limbs was performed on sections stained with H&E, toluidine blue, and Luna stains. The histologic diagnosis was MCT, and staining with toluidine blue and Luna stains confirmed the presence of mast cells and eosinophils, respectively. In addition, the mast cells strongly expressed CD117. This is the first reported case of cutaneous mast cell neoplasia in a horse in which primary presenting complaints were draining tracts and distal limb subcutaneous edema involving multiple limbs. This case illustrates the utility of staining for CD117 expression in combination with traditional stains, such as toluidine blue and Luna, in differentiating MCTs from other eosinophilic lesions in horses.     

CD34+, CD41+ acute megakaryoblastic leukemia in a dog

A clinically normal, 5-year-old intact female German Shepherd dog was presented to the local veterinarian to be spayed. Results of a preoperative CBC included mild nonregenerative anemia, severe thrombocytopenia, and 17% unclassified cells. On cytologic examination of aspirates from the dog's enlarged spleen and peripheral lymph nodes, a population of primitive round cells that occasionally resembled megakaryocytes was observed. A bone marrow aspirate specimen was markedly hypercellular with approximately 65% of marrow cells comprising a homogeneous population of immature hematopoietic cells similar to those found in the spleen, lymph nodes, and peripheral blood. Using immunocytochemical stains with canine-specific antibodies, all neoplastic cells strongly expressed cytoplasmic CD41 and 20-70% of the neoplastic cells expressed CD34 weakly to moderately. Rare (<0.5%) neoplastic cells weakly expressed vWF. The cells were negative for all other markers. Based on these results and the morphology of the neoplastic cells, a diagnosis of acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMegL) was made. In spite of treatment, results of a CBC performed 1 week later indicated progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia, and the dog was euthanized. To our knowledge, this report documents the first case of canine AMegL diagnosed with both anti-canine CD34 and CD41 antibodies.     

CD58免疫增强作用的研究

从绵羊血红细胞膜上提取CD58,经鉴定其活性为12个活性单位／mL。将提取的CD58用于免疫,观察CD58的免疫增强作用,同时对后海穴在免疫中的作用进行了探讨。结果表明,CD58具有免疫增强作用。     

石菖蒲对LPS致流产小鼠的保胎作用及子宫免疫细胞的影响

为研究CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞和F4/80+巨噬细胞在流产发生机制中的意义,探讨中药石菖蒲的安胎作用机理,本试验选用细菌脂多糖(LPS)给小鼠尾静脉注射(0.1μg/只)制造流产模型,免疫组织化学方法检测小鼠子宫中CD4+,CD8+T淋巴细胞和F4/80+巨噬细胞的数量和分布情况.结果显示,应用LPS诱导流产后小鼠子宫中CD4+T淋巴细胞数量增多,CD8+T淋巴细胞数量无明显变化,CD4+/CD8+升高(P<0.01);F4/80+巨噬细胞数量也显著增多,与对照组比较差异极显著(P<0.01).预先口服保胎中药石菖蒲,能明显抑制LPS的作用,使小鼠流产率和胚胎吸收率降低,CD4+/CD8+比值降低,F4/80+巨噬细胞数量也降低.结果表明,LPS诱导小鼠流产与小鼠子宫中CD4+/CD8+比值和巨噬细胞数量有关,石菖蒲能调节小鼠子宫CD4+/CD8+T淋巴细胞和巨噬细胞数量,起到安胎作用.     

脂肪酸移位酶CD36/SR-B2及其介导的长链脂肪酸跨膜转运

长链脂肪酸是维持机体正常代谢的重要营养素,其吸收、转运和代谢对动物的健康、生长和生产具有重要意义。近年来,研究发现一些脂肪酸转运蛋白介导长链脂肪酸的跨膜转运。脂肪酸移位酶CD36/SR-B2是一种整合膜蛋白,能特异性介导脂肪酸在多种细胞中的跨膜转运。本文对CD36/SR-B2的由来、亚细胞定位、功能调控及其介导的长链脂肪酸跨膜转运进行概述,探讨其对脂质代谢的调控机制。