Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli MT78 invades chicken fibroblasts

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) are responsible for extraintestinal diseases, called colibacillosis, in avian species. The most severe manifestation of the disease is colisepticemia that usually starts at the respiratory tract and may result in bird death. However, it is not yet clear how APEC cross the respiratory epithelium and get into the bloodstream. In this work, we studied the interaction between 8 APEC strains (UEL31, UEL17, UEL13, UEL29, MT78, IMT5155, IMT2470, A2363) and a chicken non-phagocytic cell, the fibroblast CEC-32 cell line. We investigated the association profile, the invasion capability, the cytotoxicity effect and the induction of caspase-3/7 activation in an attempt to understand the way the pathogen gains access to the host bloodstream. Association to cells was determined after 1 h of infection, while cell invasion was determined after 4 and 24 h of infection. The cytotoxic effect of bacterial infection was measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and the activation of the apoptotic program was verified by caspase-3/7 activation. Also, the presence of genes for adhesins, invasins and other related virulence-associated factors was verified by PCR. All bacterial strains showed similarity in relation to adhesion, LDH release and caspase-3/7 activation. However, one APEC strain, MT78, showed high invasion capability, comparable to the invasive Salmonella typhimurium strain SL1344. Since an APEC strain was capable of invading non-phagocytic cells in vitro, the same may be happening with the epithelial cells of the avian respiratory tract in vivo. CEC-32 monolayers can also provide a useful experimental model to study the molecular mechanisms used by APEC to invade non-phagocytic cells.     

CoCl2对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜的保护作用

本研究报道了CoCl2对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜的保护作用及机制,研究结果表明,在120mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫的前期,苜蓿幼苗叶片多胺含量及抗氧化酶活性显著升高,过氧化物酶除外,而活性氧水平、脂质过氧化程度和细胞膜相对透性无显著变化;当120 mmol/L Na2CO3胁迫延长至24~28 d时,乙烯产生速率大幅度上升,多胺氧化酶及二胺氧化酶活性显著升高,精胺、亚精胺和腐胺含量显著下降;抗氧化酶活性显著下降,活性氧水平与脂质过氧化程度显著提高,细胞膜稳定指数大幅度下降。在120 mmol/L Na2CO3溶液中加入CoCl2至50μmol/L,在胁迫的整个过程中乙烯产生被显著抑制,同时相对提高了抗氧化酶的活性,并在胁迫后期显著减轻了多胺氧化酶活性升高、多胺含量下降及脂质过氧化程度的增加,减缓了细胞膜稳定指数的下降,从而对Na2CO3胁迫下苜蓿幼苗叶片细胞膜表现出一定的保护作用。     

Sertoli cell tumors associated with feminizing syndrome and spermatic cord torsion in two cryptorchid dogs

The association of cryptorchidism, functional Sertoli cell tumors, and spermatic cord torsion has been rarely reported in the literature. Two dogs were admitted for bilateral skin alopecia and weight loss. Both animals were cryptorchid and displayed a pendulous preputial sheath, prostate hypertrophy, and increased levels of circulating oestrogen. Transabdominal palpation and ultrasonography revealed the presence of neoplastic retained gonads. During surgery, spermatic cord torsion was also detected in the enlarged neoplastic testes of both dogs. Histologic examination confirmed the presence of Sertoli cell tumors that were primarily responsible for the feminizing syndrome. Complete remission of all symptoms occurred within 3 months after orchiectomy.     

鲤病毒病原的感染性测定

为查明养殖鲤（Cyprinus carpio）突然大批发病死亡的原因，对鲤病样品进行了细胞攻毒、空斑测定、电镜观察，以及鱼体感染等实验。先以患病鲤的组织匀浆液，经过滤后，分别接种到草鱼鳍条细胞（GCF）、鲤上皮瘤细胞（EPC）等14种培养细胞中。利用倒置显微镜观察显示，在1-2d内，该病鱼组织匀浆液可使其中9种细胞出现典型的细胞病变。收集出现病变的细胞液（即病毒悬液），进一步进行病毒滴度检测、空斑测定和鱼体感染实验。结果显示，在GCF细胞上的病毒滴度为10^7.3TCID50／mL；在FHM，TSB和GCO等细胞中可产生直径1～4mm的圆形空斑，空斑的大小与宿主细胞的种类和接种的病毒浓度有关。通过对感染细胞制备的超薄切片和病毒负染样品进行电镜观察，显示这是一类呈典型子弹头样的弹状病毒颗粒。感染了病毒悬液的鲫和鲤先后在第2天和第3天开始出现病症，间隔1～2d后发病的鱼开始死亡，至第14天，两种感染鱼的死亡率均达到83．3％。收集人工感染后濒死的鲫和鲤，分别制备组织匀浆液，回接感染鱼类培养细胞，24h内能使其出现与原发病鲤组织匀浆液所引起的类似的细胞病变。因此证实患病鲤是由病毒病原感染所致。[中国水产科学，2006，13（4）：617—623]     

应用电镜技术快速检测传代细胞中的污染因子：—传代细胞污染细菌的快速检测

应用电镜技术检测传代细胞中的细菌污染，即快速又准确。根据细菌的形态及其鞭毛、噬菌体等指标的其中一项均可以判定细菌的污染，该检测结果为传代细胞的应用提供了可靠地保证。     

亚洲谷精草属植物研究(I)

讨论谷精草属 (EriocaulonL .)世界性及亚洲分布的E .setaceum ,E .australe,E .exangulare,E .willde novianum ,E .decemflorum ,E .wightianum ,E .cinereum ,E .alpestre 8个种的分类问题 .补充纠正了E .alpestreKoern .的形态描写 .10个种 (变种 )处理为同物异名 .     

Decrease in intestinal endocrine cells in Balb/c mice with CT-26 carcinoma cells

The density of intestinal endocrine cells, in Balb/c mice with colon 26 (CT-26) carcinoma cells, were examined immunohistochemically at 28 days after implantation. After CT-26 cell administration there was a significant decrease in most of the intestinal endocrine cells (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. The significant quantitative changes in the intestinal endocrine cell density might contribute to the development of the gastrointestinal symptoms commonly encountered in cancer patients.     

植物生长调节剂2,4-D和GA3对微茫藻18A8(Micractinium sp.)生长和油脂积累的影响

实验室分离到1株含油量高并且生长迅速的微茫藻18A8(Micractinium sp.)藻株,将其培养在高碳培养基TAP上,研究了不同浓度的植物激素2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)和赤霉素(GA3)对其生物量和油脂积累的影响。结果表明：分别添加2,4-D(2 μmol/L)和GA3(1 μmol/L)对藻株的生长有明显的促进作用,其最大生物量比对照组分别增加75.26%和47.41%,但其油脂含量与对照组相比却有所降低,分别降低了23.49%和29.89%;而当增加2,4-D和GA3浓度为10和5 μmol/L时,对藻株的生长表现出明显的抑制作用,其最大生物量比对照组减少了72.83%和60.70%,但其油脂含量与对照组相比显著增加,分别增加149.45%和95.75%。同时,分别添加2,4-D(10 μmol/L)和GA3(5 μmol/L)的实验藻种的蛋白质和总糖含量较对照组有所降低,此外叶绿素含量和光合效率也降低。     

牛TLR4基因的遗传多态性与乳房炎的关联分析

TLR4通过识别病原体而激活免疫细胞，在先天免疫和适应性免疫防御中起着重要作用。以中国荷斯坦奶牛、三河牛和中国西门塔尔牛共397头为研究对象，利用创造酶切位点PCR法扩增243bp的目的片段，通过限制性内切酶HinfⅠ酶切来检测TLR4第3外显子的多态性，结果发现扩增产物的27bp处C到T的突变使得多态位点产生，编码的氨基酸由苏氨酸变为异亮氨酸。A、B2个等位基因在3个群体中均有分布，A等位基因占优势（大于78％），经χ^2适合性检验，三河牛在该位点未达到Hardy-Weinberg平衡状态（P〈0．05）。运用SAS8．2软件采用最小二乘法拟合线性模型，将该基因座不同基因型与奶牛乳房炎进行了关联分析，结果表明：AA基因型为乳房炎抗性基因型（P〈0．05），A等位基因为乳房炎抗性的有利基因。     

蚯蚓抗菌的免疫生态学机制

 蚯蚓具有独特的抗菌免疫防御体系,论文从蚯蚓的防御屏障、蚯蚓的细胞免疫和蚯蚓的体液免疫三个方面对蚯蚓的免疫防御体系进行了综述。