香樟树枝堆肥产物与盾构脱水泥共堆肥的效果

[目的]实现两种城市固体废弃物盾构脱水泥和香樟树枝堆肥产物同时最大化处置与利用,从而推进园林绿化废弃物与城市盾构污泥资源化产品的应用。[方法]以盾构脱水泥与香樟树枝堆肥产物分别按照25∶1,30∶1,20∶1,25∶1比例(质量比)调配一级、二级草坪种植土与一级、二级花坛种植土,考察4种比例下共堆肥过程中阴离子表面活性剂AES的降解特征以及堆肥发酵产物的主要元素含量与盆栽试验。[结果]盾构脱水泥与香樟树枝堆肥产物分别以25∶1,30∶1,20∶1,25∶1比例堆肥20 d的产物均满足《绿化种植土壤CJ/T340-2016》一级、二级草坪种植土与一级、二级花坛种植土要求。共堆肥明显促进了盾构脱水泥中主要污染物AES的降解,堆肥20 d后产物中AES表面活性剂含量均下降了75.24%以上。盆栽试验结果发现,堆肥终产物一级草坪土与二级草坪土种植马尼拉种子的发芽率分别为92%与86%;一级花坛土中移栽杜鹃与二级花坛土中移栽满天星的成活率均为100%。[结论]香樟树枝堆肥产物与盾构脱水泥混合共堆肥,不仅有利于盾构脱水泥的环保处置,堆肥后可进行二次利用,而且促进了盾构泥中AES的降解,降低了盾构脱水泥中AES对环境的危害。     

一种新的非酶法分离荠幼胚的方法(英文)

[Objective] The aim of this study was to manually isolate the microstructures such as ovule and embryo of Capsella bursa-pastoris (L.) Medic. by the non-enzymatic method. [Method] With the gum block and dissecting microscope, its floral characteristics, ovule and embryo were manually isolated and observed by the non-enzymatic method. [Result] C. bursa-pastoris had four calyces, four petals, tetradynamous stamen and silicle, while its embryogenesis contained globular embryo, heart-shaped embryo and torpedo-shaped embryo. [Conclusion] The microstructures such as ovule and embryo of plants become easier to be isolated manually with the viscosity of gum block, which has small damage on embryo or disadvantages of keeping original shapes, and also can used in multi fields studies. This test can also be accomplished in labs with poor experiment facilities.     

树枝直刃剪切数学模型与试验

【目的】基于材料力学和弹性地基梁理论对直刃刀片剪切树枝过程进行理论建模,并根据该模型计算出直刃刀片剪切树枝所受的剪切力。【方法】以石硖品种龙眼树枝为试验材料,利用万能材料试验机和摩擦试验台等仪器测定龙眼树枝的相关力学特性参数和滑动摩擦因数,测量并用模型计算树枝不同含水率(w)、直径和不同刀片刃角下动刀片剪切龙眼树枝的峰值剪切力,剪切试验所用刀具的刃角分别为10°、20°和30°。【结果】当树枝直径为20.4 mm、相对含水率为76%、刀片刃角为20°时,刀片剪切力理论计算曲线与试验曲线趋势一致,峰值剪切力的误差约为2.3%;当树枝直径为15.3 mm,刀片刃角为20°,且树枝含水率大于纤维饱和点(30%)时,刀片峰值剪切力随含水率升高而增大,计算值在试验值的误差范围内;当树枝直径为24.6 mm、含水率为76%,且刀片刃角从10°增大到30°时,峰值剪切力显著增大,计算值处于试验值的误差范围内。【结论】该理论模型可用于预测剪切力并分析不同力学参数对峰值剪切力的影响,为修剪机具剪切机构的设计和优化提供参考。     

四川桤木嫩枝扦插育苗技术研究

研究表明 :桤木扦插育苗 ,穗条带顶芽或带 1片叶可显著提高穗条生根率 ,扦插时间则以 5月中旬～ 6月中旬和 9月上旬扦插生根率最高 ,GGR生根剂不同浓度处理后的穗条 (采穗母树 2 .5a生 )其生根率没有显著差异     

基于区块链的食用菌质量安全溯源系统设计

为了实现食用菌质量安全溯源,在食用菌质量安全溯源系统现状的基础上,利用区块链技术的去中心化分布式存储结构,保证了食用菌溯源数据的安全可靠。基于区块链技术设计了食用菌质量安全溯源系统,给出了追溯体系的总体架构和主要业务流程,有针对性地解决了食用菌溯源系统中存在问题。实现了食用菌全周期全流程的信息溯源,为消费者提供了真实、可靠的溯源信息。     

华北油松人工林树枝特征函数对干流量影响的研究

从干流形成的机制出发,提出树枝特征函数概念,进而对油松树冠结构与干流的关系进行了研究。结果表明:干流量随着树枝特征函数值的增加而增加;应该把树枝特征函数值的大小作为选择干流观测树的依据。     

大花黄牡丹枝条二次发育特点的观察

在西藏林芝地区和河南芍药科迁地保护中心观察了中国特有植物大花黄牡丹(Peaonia ludlowii)的枝条发育.结果表明:大花黄牡丹春季花枝在花期前后第2次萌发枝条,二次枝秋季并不"枯枝退梢",这是区别牡丹组其他种和栽培品种的特征之一.二次枝顶芽分化成具花、叶原基和腋芽原基的复合芽,从分化起始到开花结实历经3个年周期...     

S385型柴油机机体三维有限元分析

针对S385型柴油机机体的结构特点,采用有限元分析方法对其进行了爆发工况的有限元静力分析。通过分析,得出了机体结构的位移、应力、应变云图,找到了机体结构强度的薄弱环节并据此提出了相应的修改方案,为改善机体强度、改进机体结构设计提供了理论依据。     

建立公共图书馆农村分馆实现城乡信息服务一体化

针对长期以来农村图书馆建设与发展的难题,通过改变农村图书馆的运行机制,建立公共图书馆农村分馆的方法,提供发展所必需的经费、管理、技术保障,从而保证农村分馆的规范化运行。在此基础上,做好农村居民的技能培训及咨询服务工作,最终实现图书馆城乡信息服务一体化的发展战略。     

Yield, Leaf Senescence, and Cry1Ac Expression in Response to Removal of Early Fruiting Branches in Transgenic Bt Cotton

Two-year field experiments were conducted at Linqing, Yellow River valley of China, to study the plant response to the removal of early fruiting branches in transgenic Bt （Bacillus thuringiensis） cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.） from 2003 to 2004. Plants were undamaged and treated by removing two basal fruiting branches （FB） at squaring to form the control and the removal treatment, respectively. The plant height, leaf area （LA）, dry weight of fruiting forms （DWFF）, the number of fruiting nodes （NFN）, photosynthetic （Pn） rate, and levels of leaf chlorophyll （Chl）, N, P, K, and Cry lAc protein in main- stem leaves were measured at a 10- or 20-d interval after FB removal, and the sink/source ratio as indicated by NFN/LA and DWFF/LA was determined. FB removal significantly increased the plant height, LA, and plant biomass in both years. Lint yields were increased 7.5 and 5.2% by removal compared with their controls in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Significant increases in boll size （5.7 and 5.1%） were also observed in removal than in control for both years. Either NFN/LA or DWFF/LA was significantly reduced by removal before 40 d after removal; however, both NFN/LA and DWFF/LA were significantly enhanced by FB removal at 80 d after removal compared to the untreated control. There was no significant difference in fiber quality in the first two harvests between removal and control, but fiber strength and micronarie in the third harvest were significantly improved by FB removal. In terms of leaf Chl, Pn rate, levels of total N, P, and K in late season, leaf senescence was considerably delayed by FB removal. Levels of CrylAc protein in the fully expanded young leaves were considerably higher in FB-excised plants than in control, indicating FB removal enhanced CrylAc expression. It is suggested that the yield and quality improvement with FB removal may be attributed to the increased NFN/LA or DWFF/LA in late season and delayed leaf senescence, respectively. FB removal can be a potential p