浅圆仓环壁通风降温系统的性能试验与风道设置优化

通风降温是实现粮食保质储藏的重要措施。以大直径浅圆仓为研究对象,建立了环壁分层通风快速降温实验系统,进行了不同工况的降温实验,研究在粮食初入仓阶段的降温过程中,影响粮堆内温度、水分均匀性的因素。结果表明:外界热环境对降温速度有明显影响,过渡季高温期工况和夏季工况下,降温速度分别为0.43和0.16℃/h,纵向层间温差分别为0.5和1.6℃,降温后粮堆平均温度为17.24和22.76℃,分别达到准低温储粮(20℃)和常温储粮(25℃)的范围。采用露点以上温度进行送风,降温过程粮堆内空气相对湿度较为稳定,波动幅度在5%以内。采用计算流体力学(computer fluent dynamic,CFD)方法对环壁风道的配置进行了模拟研究,模拟结果与实验结果的平均相对误差为6.43%,证实了模拟的合理性与准确性。模拟结果表明,环壁风道上移后,增强了上部粮堆的降温效果,提高了整体降温速度,改善了粮堆温度的均匀性。     

Liver function in cats with hyperthyroidism before and after 131I therapy

BACKGROUND: The clinical significance of high serum concentration or activity of markers of liver damage in cats with hyperthyroidism is unknown. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate serum markers of liver function and damage, and ultrasonographic changes in cats with hyperthyroidism and with high liver enzymes, and to determine if abnormalities resolve after treatment with 131I. ANIMALS: Nineteen cats with hyperthyroidism (15 with high serum activities of liver enzymes) and 4 age-matched healthy control cats. METHODS: Serum bile acids, albumin, ammonia, cholesterol, and blood urea nitrogen concentrations, and activities of liver-derived enzymes, and blood glucose concentrations were measured before and after 131I therapy. These values were compared with those of cats that were euthyroid. In addition, gross liver parenchymal changes detected by abdominal ultrasonographic examination, before and after 131I therapy were evaluated. RESULTS: High serum liver enzyme activities were not associated with abnormalities in hepatic parenchyma and liver functional variables, regardless of the degree of increase. Serum liver enzyme activities return to normal after control of hyperthyroidism with 131I therapy. Cats with hyperthyroidism have a significantly higher serum fasting ammonia concentration than cats who were euthyroid (P = .019). Cats with hyperthyroidism also have significantly lower serum cholesterol (P = .005) and glucose (P = .002) concentrations before compared with after 131I therapy. Nine of 19 cats with hyperthyroidism had trace ketonuria. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: These results demonstrate that extensive examination for hepatobiliary disease in most cats with hyperthyroidism is unnecessary.     

谷冷机制冷降温储粮试验

采用回风管和一机四道的风道设计，进行了谷冷机制冷低温储粮试验和复合试验，结果表明有很好的降温效果。     

轴流式果园喷雾机风送系统优化设计与试验

针对传统风送式喷雾机风送距离短与药液浪费的问题,设计一种适用于传统果园喷雾机的轴流式风送系统。通过设置不同风筒导叶的安装角、数量、长度和锥形多出口装置的锥度、出口布局方式,进一步引导风送系统气流场,并建立相对应的气流场分布模型。通过对比选取风送系统的最佳优化设计方案,并开展了验证试验。试验结果表明,风筒导叶参数对出口风速影响的显著性由大到小为长度、安装角、数量,锥形多出口装置出口布局方式对出口风速的提升效果明显;当风筒导叶安装角为10°,数量为6,长度为20 cm,且锥形多出口装置锥度为2.25、出口布局为A型时,风送系统出口风速及均匀性达到最优,所建立的模型出口风速与试验值相对误差为4.66%和变异系数为3.63%,验证了数值模拟结果的可靠性。在此基础上,通过喷雾机外流场试验可得,射流边界范围随着出口直径和转速的增加而增大,风送距离也随之增大,当风送距离0～2 m,风速大于5 m/s,衰减幅度明显,当风送距离大于2 m时,气流衰减较为平缓,风速距离4 m处风速达到1.5 m/s左右。优化后轴流式果园喷雾机风送系统结构合理,气流均匀性、风速、边界和射程等方面均满足果园植保机械需求,研究...     

木材干燥室集中换气时进排气孔气流的均匀性模拟

为解决木材干燥室强制集中换气装置进排气道孔口气流的均匀性问题,采用理论分析和Fluent数值模拟方法,对进排气道的进排孔口气流流速、流量等进行数值模拟分析和计算,得到了满足生产实际要求的孔口半径和分布。结果表明：进气道各孔口的质量流量差小于5．1％,排气道各孔口的质量流量差小于7．3％,二者均小于质量流量偏差（10％）...     

蔵灵菇源克鲁维酵母M3菌株胆盐水解酶的特性研究

摘 要：探讨蔵灵菇马克斯克鲁维酵母M3菌株胆盐水解酶的特性及其发酵动力学原理。采用单因素多水平试验,在pH4~8、温度31~43℃、底物浓度4~8 mmol/L及不同化学试剂(SDS、EDTA、尿素、Cu2+ 、Mg2+、Ca2+、Fe3+、Al3+、Mn2+)的条件下,胆盐水解酶与底物反应30min,检测酶活力。胆盐水解酶最适反应条件：pH为6.0、底物浓度为7 mmol/L、温度为37℃,Mn2+、Fe3+、Ca2+金属离子对酶活性有较大提高作用,其他化学试剂对酶活性影响不大。胆盐水解酶的酶促反应动力学常数Km为2.60 mmol/L。M3菌株在18~21 h进入稳定期,18h对数生长期时酶活性达到最高,表明其胆盐水解酶发酵动力学类型为生长偶联合成型。     

多功能减压管在立筒仓和浅圆仓中的应用

在立筒仓及浅圆仓中安装多功能通风熏蒸减压降碎装置,可以有效降低粮食入库破碎率,减少自动分级影响,减缓出库时粮堆整体移动产生的动载荷,保护仓内设施,延长筒仓及浅圆仓使用寿命.同时利用多功能减压管进行内环流熏蒸及通风降温降湿进一步完善了立筒仓及浅圆仓储粮性能,提高了储粮稳定性.     

Pancreatic duct obstruction in the pig: electron microscopy of chronic pancreatitis

Ultrastructural alterations of pancreatic tissues in growing pigs caused by surgical ligation of the main pancreatic duct are described. Five animals aged 6 to 7 weeks were operated on and necropsied 2, 6 or 8 weeks later. In addition, 3 pigs that were sham-operated served as controls. Obstruction of the ducts caused progressive luminal dilatations and rupture of intercellular connections of the epithelium followed by destruction and atrophy of acinar parenchyma and proliferations of immature ductular epithelial cells free from zymogen granules.     

日光温室正压式湿帘风机系统设计及其降温效果

针对传统湿帘风机系统存在温湿度不均匀,无法调控冷空气温度;对温室密闭性要求较高,不适用于节能型日光温室等问题,借鉴国外半封闭温室降温方式,对日光温室正压式湿帘风机降温系统结构参数优化与应用效果进行研究。结果表明:最优的湿帘风机系统结构参数为,湿帘厚度150 mm,单位面积水流速4 L/(min·m~2),直径50 cm、均匀打孔、孔距20 cm、孔径1 cm、反光膜材料的通风筒;与对照温室相对,此系统最高可降温10℃,室内温度基本全天均低于室外,在距地面1.5 m水平面上各处的温差在2℃以内,湿度差在7%以内,垂直方向上距地面3 m以下的温差在3℃以内。此降温系统能够有效的降低夏季日光温室的温度,且温室各处的温湿度比较均匀,可以为我国节能型日光温室提供有效的夏季降温措施。